initial Commit.

master
Tobi Sim 2015-02-21 15:19:19 +01:00
commit 8f6f152d11
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61
Makefile 100644
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Appname:=sailfish-python
prefix:=/usr
temp:=/tmp/make
builddir:=./build
sdkpath:=$(HOME)/SailfishOS
dependencies:=-d libsailfishapp-launcher -d python3-base -d pyotherside-qml-plugin-python3-qt5
arch:=noarch
rpmname:=$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm
jolla_usb_ip:=192.168.2.15
jolla_wifi_ip:=Jolla
all: clean build-tmp rpm-virt rpm-jolla
make-jolla: build-tmp rpm-jolla send-jolla
make-jolla-wifi: build-tmp rpm-jolla send-jolla-wifi
make-jolla-ap: build-tmp rpm-jolla send-jolla-ap
make-virt: build-tmp rpm-virt send-virt
build-tmp:
rm -rf $(temp)
mkdir -p $(temp)/usr/share/applications
mkdir -p $(temp)/usr/share/$(Appname)/src
mkdir -p $(temp)/usr/share/$(Appname)/src
mkdir -p $(temp)/usr/bin
cp -ar ./qml $(temp)/usr/share/$(Appname)
cp -ar ./src/*.py $(temp)/usr/share/$(Appname)/src
cp -ar ./pyPackages $(temp)/usr/share/$(Appname)/src
cp ./dat/$(Appname).desktop $(temp)/usr/share/applications/
install -m 755 ./dat/$(Appname).sh $(temp)/usr/bin/$(Appname)
rpm-virt:
cd $(temp);fpm -f -s dir -t rpm $(dependencies) -p $(CURDIR)/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm -n $(Appname) -a $(arch) --prefix / *
rpm-jolla: arch:=noarch
rpm-jolla:
cd $(temp);fpm -f -s dir -t rpm $(dependencies) -p $(CURDIR)/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm -n $(Appname) -a $(arch) --prefix / *
send-virt:
rsync -vrp --rsh='ssh -p2223 -i $(sdkpath)/vmshare/ssh/private_keys/SailfishOS_Emulator/root' ./$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm root@localhost:/home/nemo/Downloads
ssh -p2223 -i $(sdkpath)/vmshare/ssh/private_keys/SailfishOS_Emulator/root root@localhost pkcon install-local -y /home/nemo/Downloads/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm
send-jolla-wifi: arch:=noarch
send-jolla-wifi:
rsync -vrp ./$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm root@$(jolla_wifi_ip):/home/nemo/Downloads
ssh root@$(jolla_wifi_ip) pkcon install-local -y /home/nemo/Downloads/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm
send-jolla-ap: arch:=noarch
send-jolla-ap: jolla_wifi_ip:=192.168.1.1
send-jolla-ap:
rsync -vrp ./$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm root@$(jolla_wifi_ip):/home/nemo/Downloads
ssh root@$(jolla_wifi_ip) pkcon install-local -y /home/nemo/Downloads/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm
send-jolla: arch:=noarch
send-jolla:
rsync -vrp ./$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm root@$(jolla_usb_ip):/home/nemo/Downloads
ssh root@$(jolla_usb_ip) pkcon install-local -y /home/nemo/Downloads/$(Appname)-$(arch).rpm
clean:
rm -rf $(temp)
rm -rf $(builddir)

43
README 100644
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Sailfish Python
this is a pyotherside based app template for sailfish os.
i simply cant get my head around the way rpm packages are built,
so i found an alternative Way using fpm
https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm
these packages are needed to build/install the package:
fpm -- to package a a root tree from a temporary directory to a rpm package
rsync -- to send the package to your testing machine (jolla phone or sailfish emulator)
use these make commands to build/install your app for testing:
make make-virt
build your package, and install it on your Sailfish Emulator on localhost:2223, considering
your Sailfish-SDK is installed at ~/SailfishOS
make make-jolla-wifi
build your package, and install it on your jolla phone, considering your development PC is
authorized for root ssh login on the phone and it is found in your dns-space as "jolla"
make make-jolla-usb [jolla_usb_ip=192.168.2.15]
build your package, and install it on your jolla phone, considering your development PC is
authorized for root ssh login on the phone, and connected via usb development mode.
set your jollas ip like above.
Adding dependencies:
a basic set of dependencies are already added to the Makefile, but you can still add other ones
to the list.
Adding python Modules:
all python Modules in pyPackages are included in the package.
for now, i like to package both an armv7l and a x86 version and select the package version
within the qml code. Packages are built with "noarch", so they should run an any device.
I had success using pip wheel to build these packages directly on the jolla phone/sailfish emulator
and unpacking them to pyPackages.
as an example, the is pillow (Python Imaging Library) included in the package.
Renaming your App:
./renamep.py "my-new-appname"

1
appname.txt 100644
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sailfish-python

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Name: scanner
Summary: Image Cropping Tool
Version: 0.0.1
Release: 1
Group: Applications/Internet
License: BSD
Url: https://github.com/dasimmet/sailfish-scanner
Source0: %{name}-%{version}.tar.bz2
BuildRequires: pkgconfig(Qt5Core)
BuildRequires: pkgconfig(Qt5Qml)
BuildRequires: pkgconfig(Qt5Gui)
BuildRequires: pkgconfig(Qt5Quick)
BuildRequires: pkgconfig(qt5embedwidget) >= 1.9.4
Requires: sailfishsilica-qt5 >= 0.11.8
Requires: jolla-ambient >= 0.3.24
Requires: pyotherside-qml-plugin-python3-qt5
Requires: python3-base
Requires: sailfish-components-media-qt5
%description
Sailfish Web Browser
%prep
%setup -q -n %{name}-%{version}
# >> setup
# << setup
%build
# >> build pre
# << build pre
%qmake5
make %{?jobs:-j%jobs}
# >> build post
# << build post
%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
# >> install pre
# << install pre
%qmake5_install
chmod +x %{buildroot}/%{_oneshotdir}/*
# >> install post
# << install post
%post
# >> post
/usr/bin/update-desktop-database -q
# Upgrade, count is 2 or higher (depending on the number of versions installed)
if [ "$1" -ge 2 ]; then
%{_bindir}/add-oneshot --user --now cleanup-browser-startup-cache
fi
# << post
%files
%defattr(-,root,root,-)
# >> files
%{_bindir}/%{name}
%{_datadir}/applications/%{name}.desktop
%{_datadir}/applications/open-url.desktop
%{_datadir}/%{name}/*
%{_datadir}/translations/sailfish-browser_eng_en.qm
%{_datadir}/dbus-1/services/*.service
%{_oneshotdir}/cleanup-browser-startup-cache
# << files

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[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
X-Nemo-Application-Type=silica-qt5
Name=Scanner
Icon=icon-launcher-component-gallery
Exec=sailfish-qml sailfish-scanner

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#!/bin/bash
sailfish-qml sailfish-scanner

6
openproject.sh 100755
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qml/sailfish-scanner.qml
src/main.py
Makefile
qml/FileChooser.qml
qml/FileChooser2.qml

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# bitmap distribution font (bdf) file parser
#
# history:
# 1996-05-16 fl created (as bdf2pil)
# 1997-08-25 fl converted to FontFile driver
# 2001-05-25 fl removed bogus __init__ call
# 2002-11-20 fl robustification (from Kevin Cazabon, Dmitry Vasiliev)
# 2003-04-22 fl more robustification (from Graham Dumpleton)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL import FontFile
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# parse X Bitmap Distribution Format (BDF)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
bdf_slant = {
"R": "Roman",
"I": "Italic",
"O": "Oblique",
"RI": "Reverse Italic",
"RO": "Reverse Oblique",
"OT": "Other"
}
bdf_spacing = {
"P": "Proportional",
"M": "Monospaced",
"C": "Cell"
}
def bdf_char(f):
# skip to STARTCHAR
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s:
return None
if s[:9] == b"STARTCHAR":
break
id = s[9:].strip().decode('ascii')
# load symbol properties
props = {}
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s or s[:6] == b"BITMAP":
break
i = s.find(b" ")
props[s[:i].decode('ascii')] = s[i+1:-1].decode('ascii')
# load bitmap
bitmap = []
while True:
s = f.readline()
if not s or s[:7] == b"ENDCHAR":
break
bitmap.append(s[:-1])
bitmap = b"".join(bitmap)
[x, y, l, d] = [int(s) for s in props["BBX"].split()]
[dx, dy] = [int(s) for s in props["DWIDTH"].split()]
bbox = (dx, dy), (l, -d-y, x+l, -d), (0, 0, x, y)
try:
im = Image.frombytes("1", (x, y), bitmap, "hex", "1")
except ValueError:
# deal with zero-width characters
im = Image.new("1", (x, y))
return id, int(props["ENCODING"]), bbox, im
##
# Font file plugin for the X11 BDF format.
class BdfFontFile(FontFile.FontFile):
def __init__(self, fp):
FontFile.FontFile.__init__(self)
s = fp.readline()
if s[:13] != b"STARTFONT 2.1":
raise SyntaxError("not a valid BDF file")
props = {}
comments = []
while True:
s = fp.readline()
if not s or s[:13] == b"ENDPROPERTIES":
break
i = s.find(b" ")
props[s[:i].decode('ascii')] = s[i+1:-1].decode('ascii')
if s[:i] in [b"COMMENT", b"COPYRIGHT"]:
if s.find(b"LogicalFontDescription") < 0:
comments.append(s[i+1:-1].decode('ascii'))
font = props["FONT"].split("-")
font[4] = bdf_slant[font[4].upper()]
font[11] = bdf_spacing[font[11].upper()]
# ascent = int(props["FONT_ASCENT"])
# descent = int(props["FONT_DESCENT"])
# fontname = ";".join(font[1:])
# print "#", fontname
# for i in comments:
# print "#", i
font = []
while True:
c = bdf_char(fp)
if not c:
break
id, ch, (xy, dst, src), im = c
if 0 <= ch < len(self.glyph):
self.glyph[ch] = xy, dst, src, im

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# BMP file handler
#
# Windows (and OS/2) native bitmap storage format.
#
# history:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-04-30 fl Added save
# 1997-08-27 fl Fixed save of 1-bit images
# 1998-03-06 fl Load P images as L where possible
# 1998-07-03 fl Load P images as 1 where possible
# 1998-12-29 fl Handle small palettes
# 2002-12-30 fl Fixed load of 1-bit palette images
# 2003-04-21 fl Fixed load of 1-bit monochrome images
# 2003-04-23 fl Added limited support for BI_BITFIELDS compression
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.7"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
import math
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
o8 = _binary.o8
o16 = _binary.o16le
o32 = _binary.o32le
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read BMP file
BIT2MODE = {
# bits => mode, rawmode
1: ("P", "P;1"),
4: ("P", "P;4"),
8: ("P", "P"),
16: ("RGB", "BGR;15"),
24: ("RGB", "BGR"),
32: ("RGB", "BGRX")
}
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:2] == b"BM"
##
# Image plugin for the Windows BMP format.
class BmpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "BMP"
format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
def _bitmap(self, header=0, offset=0):
if header:
self.fp.seek(header)
read = self.fp.read
# CORE/INFO
s = read(4)
s = s + ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, i32(s)-4)
if len(s) == 12:
# OS/2 1.0 CORE
bits = i16(s[10:])
self.size = i16(s[4:]), i16(s[6:])
compression = 0
lutsize = 3
colors = 0
direction = -1
elif len(s) in [40, 64, 108, 124]:
# WIN 3.1 or OS/2 2.0 INFO
bits = i16(s[14:])
self.size = i32(s[4:]), i32(s[8:])
compression = i32(s[16:])
pxperm = (i32(s[24:]), i32(s[28:])) # Pixels per meter
lutsize = 4
colors = i32(s[32:])
direction = -1
if i8(s[11]) == 0xff:
# upside-down storage
self.size = self.size[0], 2**32 - self.size[1]
direction = 0
self.info["dpi"] = tuple(map(lambda x: math.ceil(x / 39.3701),
pxperm))
else:
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP header type (%d)" % len(s))
if (self.size[0]*self.size[1]) > 2**31:
# Prevent DOS for > 2gb images
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP Size: (%dx%d)" % self.size)
if not colors:
colors = 1 << bits
# MODE
try:
self.mode, rawmode = BIT2MODE[bits]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP pixel depth (%d)" % bits)
if compression == 3:
# BI_BITFIELDS compression
mask = i32(read(4)), i32(read(4)), i32(read(4))
if bits == 32 and mask == (0xff0000, 0x00ff00, 0x0000ff):
rawmode = "BGRX"
elif bits == 16 and mask == (0x00f800, 0x0007e0, 0x00001f):
rawmode = "BGR;16"
elif bits == 16 and mask == (0x007c00, 0x0003e0, 0x00001f):
rawmode = "BGR;15"
else:
# print bits, map(hex, mask)
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP bitfields layout")
elif compression != 0:
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP compression (%d)" % compression)
# LUT
if self.mode == "P":
palette = []
greyscale = 1
if colors == 2:
indices = (0, 255)
elif colors > 2**16 or colors <= 0: # We're reading a i32.
raise IOError("Unsupported BMP Palette size (%d)" % colors)
else:
indices = list(range(colors))
for i in indices:
rgb = read(lutsize)[:3]
if rgb != o8(i)*3:
greyscale = 0
palette.append(rgb)
if greyscale:
if colors == 2:
self.mode = rawmode = "1"
else:
self.mode = rawmode = "L"
else:
self.mode = "P"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"BGR", b"".join(palette)
)
if not offset:
offset = self.fp.tell()
self.tile = [("raw",
(0, 0) + self.size,
offset,
(rawmode, ((self.size[0]*bits+31) >> 3) & (~3),
direction))]
self.info["compression"] = compression
def _open(self):
# HEAD
s = self.fp.read(14)
if s[:2] != b"BM":
raise SyntaxError("Not a BMP file")
offset = i32(s[10:])
self._bitmap(offset=offset)
class DibImageFile(BmpImageFile):
format = "DIB"
format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
def _open(self):
self._bitmap()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write BMP file
SAVE = {
"1": ("1", 1, 2),
"L": ("L", 8, 256),
"P": ("P", 8, 256),
"RGB": ("BGR", 24, 0),
}
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
rawmode, bits, colors = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as BMP" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (96, 96))
# 1 meter == 39.3701 inches
ppm = tuple(map(lambda x: int(x * 39.3701), dpi))
stride = ((im.size[0]*bits+7)//8+3) & (~3)
header = 40 # or 64 for OS/2 version 2
offset = 14 + header + colors * 4
image = stride * im.size[1]
# bitmap header
fp.write(b"BM" + # file type (magic)
o32(offset+image) + # file size
o32(0) + # reserved
o32(offset)) # image data offset
# bitmap info header
fp.write(o32(header) + # info header size
o32(im.size[0]) + # width
o32(im.size[1]) + # height
o16(1) + # planes
o16(bits) + # depth
o32(0) + # compression (0=uncompressed)
o32(image) + # size of bitmap
o32(ppm[0]) + o32(ppm[1]) + # resolution
o32(colors) + # colors used
o32(colors)) # colors important
fp.write(b"\0" * (header - 40)) # padding (for OS/2 format)
if im.mode == "1":
for i in (0, 255):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "L":
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
elif im.mode == "P":
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGRX"))
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0,
(rawmode, stride, -1))])
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(BmpImageFile.format, BmpImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(BmpImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(BmpImageFile.format, ".bmp")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# BUFR stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
##
# Install application-specific BUFR image handler.
#
# @param handler Handler object.
def register_handler(handler):
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] == b"BUFR" or prefix[:4] == b"ZCZC"
class BufrStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "BUFR"
format_description = "BUFR"
def _open(self):
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
raise SyntaxError("Not a BUFR file")
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self.mode = "F"
self.size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self):
return _handler
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _handler is None or not hasattr("_handler", "save"):
raise IOError("BUFR save handler not installed")
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(BufrStubImageFile.format, BufrStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(BufrStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(BufrStubImageFile.format, ".bufr")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a class to read from a container file
#
# History:
# 1995-06-18 fl Created
# 1995-09-07 fl Added readline(), readlines()
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
# A file object that provides read access to a part of an existing
# file (for example a TAR file).
class ContainerIO:
##
# Create file object.
#
# @param file Existing file.
# @param offset Start of region, in bytes.
# @param length Size of region, in bytes.
def __init__(self, file, offset, length):
self.fh = file
self.pos = 0
self.offset = offset
self.length = length
self.fh.seek(offset)
##
# Always false.
def isatty(self):
return 0
##
# Move file pointer.
#
# @param offset Offset in bytes.
# @param mode Starting position. Use 0 for beginning of region, 1
# for current offset, and 2 for end of region. You cannot move
# the pointer outside the defined region.
def seek(self, offset, mode=0):
if mode == 1:
self.pos = self.pos + offset
elif mode == 2:
self.pos = self.length + offset
else:
self.pos = offset
# clamp
self.pos = max(0, min(self.pos, self.length))
self.fh.seek(self.offset + self.pos)
##
# Get current file pointer.
#
# @return Offset from start of region, in bytes.
def tell(self):
return self.pos
##
# Read data.
#
# @def read(bytes=0)
# @param bytes Number of bytes to read. If omitted or zero,
# read until end of region.
# @return An 8-bit string.
def read(self, n=0):
if n:
n = min(n, self.length - self.pos)
else:
n = self.length - self.pos
if not n: # EOF
return ""
self.pos = self.pos + n
return self.fh.read(n)
##
# Read a line of text.
#
# @return An 8-bit string.
def readline(self):
s = ""
while True:
c = self.read(1)
if not c:
break
s = s + c
if c == "\n":
break
return s
##
# Read multiple lines of text.
#
# @return A list of 8-bit strings.
def readlines(self):
l = []
while True:
s = self.readline()
if not s:
break
l.append(s)
return l

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Windows Cursor support for PIL
#
# notes:
# uses BmpImagePlugin.py to read the bitmap data.
#
# history:
# 96-05-27 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, BmpImagePlugin, _binary
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] == b"\0\0\2\0"
##
# Image plugin for Windows Cursor files.
class CurImageFile(BmpImagePlugin.BmpImageFile):
format = "CUR"
format_description = "Windows Cursor"
def _open(self):
offset = self.fp.tell()
# check magic
s = self.fp.read(6)
if not _accept(s):
raise SyntaxError("not a CUR file")
# pick the largest cursor in the file
m = b""
for i in range(i16(s[4:])):
s = self.fp.read(16)
if not m:
m = s
elif i8(s[0]) > i8(m[0]) and i8(s[1]) > i8(m[1]):
m = s
# print "width", i8(s[0])
# print "height", i8(s[1])
# print "colors", i8(s[2])
# print "reserved", i8(s[3])
# print "hotspot x", i16(s[4:])
# print "hotspot y", i16(s[6:])
# print "bytes", i32(s[8:])
# print "offset", i32(s[12:])
# load as bitmap
self._bitmap(i32(m[12:]) + offset)
# patch up the bitmap height
self.size = self.size[0], self.size[1]//2
d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
self.tile[0] = d, (0, 0)+self.size, o, a
return
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("CUR", CurImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("CUR", ".cur")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# DCX file handling
#
# DCX is a container file format defined by Intel, commonly used
# for fax applications. Each DCX file consists of a directory
# (a list of file offsets) followed by a set of (usually 1-bit)
# PCX files.
#
# History:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1996-03-20 fl Properly derived from PcxImageFile.
# 1998-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
# 2002-07-30 fl Fixed file handling
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-98 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-96 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
from PIL import Image, _binary
from PIL.PcxImagePlugin import PcxImageFile
MAGIC = 0x3ADE68B1 # QUIZ: what's this value, then?
i32 = _binary.i32le
def _accept(prefix):
return i32(prefix) == MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for the Intel DCX format.
class DcxImageFile(PcxImageFile):
format = "DCX"
format_description = "Intel DCX"
def _open(self):
# Header
s = self.fp.read(4)
if i32(s) != MAGIC:
raise SyntaxError("not a DCX file")
# Component directory
self._offset = []
for i in range(1024):
offset = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if not offset:
break
self._offset.append(offset)
self.__fp = self.fp
self.seek(0)
def seek(self, frame):
if frame >= len(self._offset):
raise EOFError("attempt to seek outside DCX directory")
self.frame = frame
self.fp = self.__fp
self.fp.seek(self._offset[frame])
PcxImageFile._open(self)
def tell(self):
return self.frame
Image.register_open("DCX", DcxImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("DCX", ".dcx")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# EPS file handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created (0.1)
# 1996-05-18 fl Don't choke on "atend" fields, Ghostscript interface (0.2)
# 1996-08-22 fl Don't choke on floating point BoundingBox values
# 1996-08-23 fl Handle files from Macintosh (0.3)
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.4)
# 2003-09-07 fl Check gs.close status (from Federico Di Gregorio) (0.5)
# 2014-05-07 e Handling of EPS with binary preview and fixed resolution
# resizing
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.5"
import re
import io
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
i32 = _binary.i32le
o32 = _binary.o32le
split = re.compile(r"^%%([^:]*):[ \t]*(.*)[ \t]*$")
field = re.compile(r"^%[%!\w]([^:]*)[ \t]*$")
gs_windows_binary = None
import sys
if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
import shutil
if hasattr(shutil, 'which'):
which = shutil.which
else:
# Python < 3.3
import distutils.spawn
which = distutils.spawn.find_executable
for binary in ('gswin32c', 'gswin64c', 'gs'):
if which(binary) is not None:
gs_windows_binary = binary
break
else:
gs_windows_binary = False
def has_ghostscript():
if gs_windows_binary:
return True
if not sys.platform.startswith('win'):
import subprocess
try:
gs = subprocess.Popen(['gs', '--version'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
gs.stdout.read()
return True
except OSError:
# no ghostscript
pass
return False
def Ghostscript(tile, size, fp, scale=1):
"""Render an image using Ghostscript"""
# Unpack decoder tile
decoder, tile, offset, data = tile[0]
length, bbox = data
# Hack to support hi-res rendering
scale = int(scale) or 1
# orig_size = size
# orig_bbox = bbox
size = (size[0] * scale, size[1] * scale)
# resolution is dependent on bbox and size
res = (float((72.0 * size[0]) / (bbox[2]-bbox[0])),
float((72.0 * size[1]) / (bbox[3]-bbox[1])))
# print("Ghostscript", scale, size, orig_size, bbox, orig_bbox, res)
import os
import subprocess
import tempfile
out_fd, outfile = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(out_fd)
infile_temp = None
if hasattr(fp, 'name') and os.path.exists(fp.name):
infile = fp.name
else:
in_fd, infile_temp = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(in_fd)
infile = infile_temp
# ignore length and offset!
# ghostscript can read it
# copy whole file to read in ghostscript
with open(infile_temp, 'wb') as f:
# fetch length of fp
fp.seek(0, 2)
fsize = fp.tell()
# ensure start position
# go back
fp.seek(0)
lengthfile = fsize
while lengthfile > 0:
s = fp.read(min(lengthfile, 100*1024))
if not s:
break
lengthfile -= len(s)
f.write(s)
# Build ghostscript command
command = ["gs",
"-q", # quiet mode
"-g%dx%d" % size, # set output geometry (pixels)
"-r%fx%f" % res, # set input DPI (dots per inch)
"-dNOPAUSE -dSAFER", # don't pause between pages,
# safe mode
"-sDEVICE=ppmraw", # ppm driver
"-sOutputFile=%s" % outfile, # output file
"-c", "%d %d translate" % (-bbox[0], -bbox[1]),
# adjust for image origin
"-f", infile, # input file
]
if gs_windows_binary is not None:
if not gs_windows_binary:
raise WindowsError('Unable to locate Ghostscript on paths')
command[0] = gs_windows_binary
# push data through ghostscript
try:
gs = subprocess.Popen(command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
gs.stdin.close()
status = gs.wait()
if status:
raise IOError("gs failed (status %d)" % status)
im = Image.core.open_ppm(outfile)
finally:
try:
os.unlink(outfile)
if infile_temp:
os.unlink(infile_temp)
except:
pass
return im
class PSFile:
"""
Wrapper for bytesio object that treats either CR or LF as end of line.
"""
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
self.char = None
def seek(self, offset, whence=0):
self.char = None
self.fp.seek(offset, whence)
def readline(self):
s = self.char or b""
self.char = None
c = self.fp.read(1)
while c not in b"\r\n":
s = s + c
c = self.fp.read(1)
self.char = self.fp.read(1)
# line endings can be 1 or 2 of \r \n, in either order
if self.char in b"\r\n":
self.char = None
return s.decode('latin-1')
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] == b"%!PS" or i32(prefix) == 0xC6D3D0C5
##
# Image plugin for Encapsulated Postscript. This plugin supports only
# a few variants of this format.
class EpsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""EPS File Parser for the Python Imaging Library"""
format = "EPS"
format_description = "Encapsulated Postscript"
mode_map = {1: "L", 2: "LAB", 3: "RGB"}
def _open(self):
(length, offset) = self._find_offset(self.fp)
# Rewrap the open file pointer in something that will
# convert line endings and decode to latin-1.
try:
if bytes is str:
# Python2, no encoding conversion necessary
fp = open(self.fp.name, "Ur")
else:
# Python3, can use bare open command.
fp = open(self.fp.name, "Ur", encoding='latin-1')
except:
# Expect this for bytesio/stringio
fp = PSFile(self.fp)
# go to offset - start of "%!PS"
fp.seek(offset)
box = None
self.mode = "RGB"
self.size = 1, 1 # FIXME: huh?
#
# Load EPS header
s = fp.readline().strip('\r\n')
while s:
if len(s) > 255:
raise SyntaxError("not an EPS file")
try:
m = split.match(s)
except re.error as v:
raise SyntaxError("not an EPS file")
if m:
k, v = m.group(1, 2)
self.info[k] = v
if k == "BoundingBox":
try:
# Note: The DSC spec says that BoundingBox
# fields should be integers, but some drivers
# put floating point values there anyway.
box = [int(float(s)) for s in v.split()]
self.size = box[2] - box[0], box[3] - box[1]
self.tile = [("eps", (0, 0) + self.size, offset,
(length, box))]
except:
pass
else:
m = field.match(s)
if m:
k = m.group(1)
if k == "EndComments":
break
if k[:8] == "PS-Adobe":
self.info[k[:8]] = k[9:]
else:
self.info[k] = ""
elif s[0] == '%':
# handle non-DSC Postscript comments that some
# tools mistakenly put in the Comments section
pass
else:
raise IOError("bad EPS header")
s = fp.readline().strip('\r\n')
if s[0] != "%":
break
#
# Scan for an "ImageData" descriptor
while s[0] == "%":
if len(s) > 255:
raise SyntaxError("not an EPS file")
if s[:11] == "%ImageData:":
# Encoded bitmapped image.
[x, y, bi, mo, z3, z4, en, id] = s[11:].split(None, 7)
if int(bi) != 8:
break
try:
self.mode = self.mode_map[int(mo)]
except:
break
self.size = int(x), int(y)
return
s = fp.readline().strip('\r\n')
if not s:
break
if not box:
raise IOError("cannot determine EPS bounding box")
def _find_offset(self, fp):
s = fp.read(160)
if s[:4] == b"%!PS":
# for HEAD without binary preview
fp.seek(0, 2)
length = fp.tell()
offset = 0
elif i32(s[0:4]) == 0xC6D3D0C5:
# FIX for: Some EPS file not handled correctly / issue #302
# EPS can contain binary data
# or start directly with latin coding
# more info see:
# http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5002.EPSF_Spec.pdf
offset = i32(s[4:8])
length = i32(s[8:12])
else:
raise SyntaxError("not an EPS file")
return (length, offset)
def load(self, scale=1):
# Load EPS via Ghostscript
if not self.tile:
return
self.im = Ghostscript(self.tile, self.size, self.fp, scale)
self.mode = self.im.mode
self.size = self.im.size
self.tile = []
def load_seek(self, *args, **kwargs):
# we can't incrementally load, so force ImageFile.parser to
# use our custom load method by defining this method.
pass
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _save(im, fp, filename, eps=1):
"""EPS Writer for the Python Imaging Library."""
#
# make sure image data is available
im.load()
#
# determine postscript image mode
if im.mode == "L":
operator = (8, 1, "image")
elif im.mode == "RGB":
operator = (8, 3, "false 3 colorimage")
elif im.mode == "CMYK":
operator = (8, 4, "false 4 colorimage")
else:
raise ValueError("image mode is not supported")
class NoCloseStream:
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
def __getattr__(self, name):
return getattr(self.fp, name)
def close(self):
pass
base_fp = fp
fp = NoCloseStream(fp)
if sys.version_info[0] > 2:
fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding='latin-1')
if eps:
#
# write EPS header
fp.write("%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0\n")
fp.write("%%Creator: PIL 0.1 EpsEncode\n")
# fp.write("%%CreationDate: %s"...)
fp.write("%%%%BoundingBox: 0 0 %d %d\n" % im.size)
fp.write("%%Pages: 1\n")
fp.write("%%EndComments\n")
fp.write("%%Page: 1 1\n")
fp.write("%%ImageData: %d %d " % im.size)
fp.write("%d %d 0 1 1 \"%s\"\n" % operator)
#
# image header
fp.write("gsave\n")
fp.write("10 dict begin\n")
fp.write("/buf %d string def\n" % (im.size[0] * operator[1]))
fp.write("%d %d scale\n" % im.size)
fp.write("%d %d 8\n" % im.size) # <= bits
fp.write("[%d 0 0 -%d 0 %d]\n" % (im.size[0], im.size[1], im.size[1]))
fp.write("{ currentfile buf readhexstring pop } bind\n")
fp.write(operator[2] + "\n")
fp.flush()
ImageFile._save(im, base_fp, [("eps", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, None)])
fp.write("\n%%%%EndBinary\n")
fp.write("grestore end\n")
fp.flush()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open(EpsImageFile.format, EpsImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(EpsImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(EpsImageFile.format, ".ps")
Image.register_extension(EpsImageFile.format, ".eps")
Image.register_mime(EpsImageFile.format, "application/postscript")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# EXIF tags
#
# Copyright (c) 2003 by Secret Labs AB
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
# This module provides constants and clear-text names for various
# well-known EXIF tags.
##
##
# Maps EXIF tags to tag names.
TAGS = {
# possibly incomplete
0x00fe: "NewSubfileType",
0x00ff: "SubfileType",
0x0100: "ImageWidth",
0x0101: "ImageLength",
0x0102: "BitsPerSample",
0x0103: "Compression",
0x0106: "PhotometricInterpretation",
0x0107: "Threshholding",
0x0108: "CellWidth",
0x0109: "CellLenght",
0x010a: "FillOrder",
0x010d: "DocumentName",
0x011d: "PageName",
0x010e: "ImageDescription",
0x010f: "Make",
0x0110: "Model",
0x0111: "StripOffsets",
0x0112: "Orientation",
0x0115: "SamplesPerPixel",
0x0116: "RowsPerStrip",
0x0117: "StripByteConunts",
0x0118: "MinSampleValue",
0x0119: "MaxSampleValue",
0x011a: "XResolution",
0x011b: "YResolution",
0x011c: "PlanarConfiguration",
0x0120: "FreeOffsets",
0x0121: "FreeByteCounts",
0x0122: "GrayResponseUnit",
0x0123: "GrayResponseCurve",
0x0128: "ResolutionUnit",
0x012d: "TransferFunction",
0x0131: "Software",
0x0132: "DateTime",
0x013b: "Artist",
0x013c: "HostComputer",
0x013e: "WhitePoint",
0x013f: "PrimaryChromaticities",
0x0140: "ColorMap",
0x0152: "ExtraSamples",
0x0201: "JpegIFOffset",
0x0202: "JpegIFByteCount",
0x0211: "YCbCrCoefficients",
0x0212: "YCbCrSubSampling",
0x0213: "YCbCrPositioning",
0x0214: "ReferenceBlackWhite",
0x1000: "RelatedImageFileFormat",
0x1001: "RelatedImageWidth",
0x1002: "RelatedImageLength",
0x828d: "CFARepeatPatternDim",
0x828e: "CFAPattern",
0x828f: "BatteryLevel",
0x8298: "Copyright",
0x829a: "ExposureTime",
0x829d: "FNumber",
0x8769: "ExifOffset",
0x8773: "InterColorProfile",
0x8822: "ExposureProgram",
0x8824: "SpectralSensitivity",
0x8825: "GPSInfo",
0x8827: "ISOSpeedRatings",
0x8828: "OECF",
0x8829: "Interlace",
0x882a: "TimeZoneOffset",
0x882b: "SelfTimerMode",
0x9000: "ExifVersion",
0x9003: "DateTimeOriginal",
0x9004: "DateTimeDigitized",
0x9101: "ComponentsConfiguration",
0x9102: "CompressedBitsPerPixel",
0x9201: "ShutterSpeedValue",
0x9202: "ApertureValue",
0x9203: "BrightnessValue",
0x9204: "ExposureBiasValue",
0x9205: "MaxApertureValue",
0x9206: "SubjectDistance",
0x9207: "MeteringMode",
0x9208: "LightSource",
0x9209: "Flash",
0x920a: "FocalLength",
0x920b: "FlashEnergy",
0x920c: "SpatialFrequencyResponse",
0x920d: "Noise",
0x9211: "ImageNumber",
0x9212: "SecurityClassification",
0x9213: "ImageHistory",
0x9214: "SubjectLocation",
0x9215: "ExposureIndex",
0x9216: "TIFF/EPStandardID",
0x927c: "MakerNote",
0x9286: "UserComment",
0x9290: "SubsecTime",
0x9291: "SubsecTimeOriginal",
0x9292: "SubsecTimeDigitized",
0xa000: "FlashPixVersion",
0xa001: "ColorSpace",
0xa002: "ExifImageWidth",
0xa003: "ExifImageHeight",
0xa004: "RelatedSoundFile",
0xa005: "ExifInteroperabilityOffset",
0xa20b: "FlashEnergy",
0xa20c: "SpatialFrequencyResponse",
0xa20e: "FocalPlaneXResolution",
0xa20f: "FocalPlaneYResolution",
0xa210: "FocalPlaneResolutionUnit",
0xa214: "SubjectLocation",
0xa215: "ExposureIndex",
0xa217: "SensingMethod",
0xa300: "FileSource",
0xa301: "SceneType",
0xa302: "CFAPattern",
0xa401: "CustomRendered",
0xa402: "ExposureMode",
0xa403: "WhiteBalance",
0xa404: "DigitalZoomRatio",
0xa405: "FocalLengthIn35mmFilm",
0xa406: "SceneCaptureType",
0xa407: "GainControl",
0xa408: "Contrast",
0xa409: "Saturation",
0xa40a: "Sharpness",
0xa40b: "DeviceSettingDescription",
0xa40c: "SubjectDistanceRange",
0xa420: "ImageUniqueID",
0xa430: "CameraOwnerName",
0xa431: "BodySerialNumber",
0xa432: "LensSpecification",
0xa433: "LensMake",
0xa434: "LensModel",
0xa435: "LensSerialNumber",
0xa500: "Gamma",
}
##
# Maps EXIF GPS tags to tag names.
GPSTAGS = {
0: "GPSVersionID",
1: "GPSLatitudeRef",
2: "GPSLatitude",
3: "GPSLongitudeRef",
4: "GPSLongitude",
5: "GPSAltitudeRef",
6: "GPSAltitude",
7: "GPSTimeStamp",
8: "GPSSatellites",
9: "GPSStatus",
10: "GPSMeasureMode",
11: "GPSDOP",
12: "GPSSpeedRef",
13: "GPSSpeed",
14: "GPSTrackRef",
15: "GPSTrack",
16: "GPSImgDirectionRef",
17: "GPSImgDirection",
18: "GPSMapDatum",
19: "GPSDestLatitudeRef",
20: "GPSDestLatitude",
21: "GPSDestLongitudeRef",
22: "GPSDestLongitude",
23: "GPSDestBearingRef",
24: "GPSDestBearing",
25: "GPSDestDistanceRef",
26: "GPSDestDistance",
27: "GPSProcessingMethod",
28: "GPSAreaInformation",
29: "GPSDateStamp",
30: "GPSDifferential",
31: "GPSHPositioningError",
}

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# FITS stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 1998-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
##
# Install application-specific FITS image handler.
#
# @param handler Handler object.
def register_handler(handler):
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:6] == b"SIMPLE"
class FITSStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "FITS"
format_description = "FITS"
def _open(self):
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(6)):
raise SyntaxError("Not a FITS file")
# FIXME: add more sanity checks here; mandatory header items
# include SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, etc.
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self.mode = "F"
self.size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self):
return _handler
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _handler is None or not hasattr("_handler", "save"):
raise IOError("FITS save handler not installed")
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(FITSStubImageFile.format, FITSStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(FITSStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(FITSStubImageFile.format, ".fit")
Image.register_extension(FITSStubImageFile.format, ".fits")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# FLI/FLC file handling.
#
# History:
# 95-09-01 fl Created
# 97-01-03 fl Fixed parser, setup decoder tile
# 98-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-98.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
o8 = _binary.o8
#
# decoder
def _accept(prefix):
return i16(prefix[4:6]) in [0xAF11, 0xAF12]
##
# Image plugin for the FLI/FLC animation format. Use the <b>seek</b>
# method to load individual frames.
class FliImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FLI"
format_description = "Autodesk FLI/FLC Animation"
def _open(self):
# HEAD
s = self.fp.read(128)
magic = i16(s[4:6])
if not (magic in [0xAF11, 0xAF12] and
i16(s[14:16]) in [0, 3] and # flags
s[20:22] == b"\x00\x00"): # reserved
raise SyntaxError("not an FLI/FLC file")
# image characteristics
self.mode = "P"
self.size = i16(s[8:10]), i16(s[10:12])
# animation speed
duration = i32(s[16:20])
if magic == 0xAF11:
duration = (duration * 1000) / 70
self.info["duration"] = duration
# look for palette
palette = [(a, a, a) for a in range(256)]
s = self.fp.read(16)
self.__offset = 128
if i16(s[4:6]) == 0xF100:
# prefix chunk; ignore it
self.__offset = self.__offset + i32(s)
s = self.fp.read(16)
if i16(s[4:6]) == 0xF1FA:
# look for palette chunk
s = self.fp.read(6)
if i16(s[4:6]) == 11:
self._palette(palette, 2)
elif i16(s[4:6]) == 4:
self._palette(palette, 0)
palette = [o8(r)+o8(g)+o8(b) for (r, g, b) in palette]
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", b"".join(palette))
# set things up to decode first frame
self.frame = -1
self.__fp = self.fp
self.seek(0)
def _palette(self, palette, shift):
# load palette
i = 0
for e in range(i16(self.fp.read(2))):
s = self.fp.read(2)
i = i + i8(s[0])
n = i8(s[1])
if n == 0:
n = 256
s = self.fp.read(n * 3)
for n in range(0, len(s), 3):
r = i8(s[n]) << shift
g = i8(s[n+1]) << shift
b = i8(s[n+2]) << shift
palette[i] = (r, g, b)
i += 1
def seek(self, frame):
if frame != self.frame + 1:
raise ValueError("cannot seek to frame %d" % frame)
self.frame = frame
# move to next frame
self.fp = self.__fp
self.fp.seek(self.__offset)
s = self.fp.read(4)
if not s:
raise EOFError
framesize = i32(s)
self.decodermaxblock = framesize
self.tile = [("fli", (0, 0)+self.size, self.__offset, None)]
self.__offset = self.__offset + framesize
def tell(self):
return self.frame
#
# registry
Image.register_open("FLI", FliImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("FLI", ".fli")
Image.register_extension("FLI", ".flc")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# base class for raster font file parsers
#
# history:
# 1997-06-05 fl created
# 1997-08-19 fl restrict image width
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-1998 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1997-1998 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import os
from PIL import Image, _binary
try:
import zlib
except ImportError:
zlib = None
WIDTH = 800
def puti16(fp, values):
# write network order (big-endian) 16-bit sequence
for v in values:
if v < 0:
v += 65536
fp.write(_binary.o16be(v))
##
# Base class for raster font file handlers.
class FontFile:
bitmap = None
def __init__(self):
self.info = {}
self.glyph = [None] * 256
def __getitem__(self, ix):
return self.glyph[ix]
def compile(self):
"Create metrics and bitmap"
if self.bitmap:
return
# create bitmap large enough to hold all data
h = w = maxwidth = 0
lines = 1
for glyph in self:
if glyph:
d, dst, src, im = glyph
h = max(h, src[3] - src[1])
w = w + (src[2] - src[0])
if w > WIDTH:
lines += 1
w = (src[2] - src[0])
maxwidth = max(maxwidth, w)
xsize = maxwidth
ysize = lines * h
if xsize == 0 and ysize == 0:
return ""
self.ysize = h
# paste glyphs into bitmap
self.bitmap = Image.new("1", (xsize, ysize))
self.metrics = [None] * 256
x = y = 0
for i in range(256):
glyph = self[i]
if glyph:
d, dst, src, im = glyph
xx, yy = src[2] - src[0], src[3] - src[1]
x0, y0 = x, y
x = x + xx
if x > WIDTH:
x, y = 0, y + h
x0, y0 = x, y
x = xx
s = src[0] + x0, src[1] + y0, src[2] + x0, src[3] + y0
self.bitmap.paste(im.crop(src), s)
# print chr(i), dst, s
self.metrics[i] = d, dst, s
def save(self, filename):
"Save font"
self.compile()
# font data
self.bitmap.save(os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ".pbm", "PNG")
# font metrics
fp = open(os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ".pil", "wb")
fp.write(b"PILfont\n")
fp.write((";;;;;;%d;\n" % self.ysize).encode('ascii')) # HACK!!!
fp.write(b"DATA\n")
for id in range(256):
m = self.metrics[id]
if not m:
puti16(fp, [0] * 10)
else:
puti16(fp, m[0] + m[1] + m[2])
fp.close()
# End of file

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#
# THIS IS WORK IN PROGRESS
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# FlashPix support for PIL
#
# History:
# 97-01-25 fl Created (reads uncompressed RGB images only)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL.OleFileIO import *
# we map from colour field tuples to (mode, rawmode) descriptors
MODES = {
# opacity
(0x00007ffe): ("A", "L"),
# monochrome
(0x00010000,): ("L", "L"),
(0x00018000, 0x00017ffe): ("RGBA", "LA"),
# photo YCC
(0x00020000, 0x00020001, 0x00020002): ("RGB", "YCC;P"),
(0x00028000, 0x00028001, 0x00028002, 0x00027ffe): ("RGBA", "YCCA;P"),
# standard RGB (NIFRGB)
(0x00030000, 0x00030001, 0x00030002): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(0x00038000, 0x00038001, 0x00038002, 0x00037ffe): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
}
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:8] == MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for the FlashPix images.
class FpxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "FPX"
format_description = "FlashPix"
def _open(self):
#
# read the OLE directory and see if this is a likely
# to be a FlashPix file
try:
self.ole = OleFileIO(self.fp)
except IOError:
raise SyntaxError("not an FPX file; invalid OLE file")
if self.ole.root.clsid != "56616700-C154-11CE-8553-00AA00A1F95B":
raise SyntaxError("not an FPX file; bad root CLSID")
self._open_index(1)
def _open_index(self, index=1):
#
# get the Image Contents Property Set
prop = self.ole.getproperties([
"Data Object Store %06d" % index,
"\005Image Contents"
])
# size (highest resolution)
self.size = prop[0x1000002], prop[0x1000003]
size = max(self.size)
i = 1
while size > 64:
size = size / 2
i += 1
self.maxid = i - 1
# mode. instead of using a single field for this, flashpix
# requires you to specify the mode for each channel in each
# resolution subimage, and leaves it to the decoder to make
# sure that they all match. for now, we'll cheat and assume
# that this is always the case.
id = self.maxid << 16
s = prop[0x2000002 | id]
colors = []
for i in range(i32(s, 4)):
# note: for now, we ignore the "uncalibrated" flag
colors.append(i32(s, 8+i*4) & 0x7fffffff)
self.mode, self.rawmode = MODES[tuple(colors)]
# load JPEG tables, if any
self.jpeg = {}
for i in range(256):
id = 0x3000001 | (i << 16)
if id in prop:
self.jpeg[i] = prop[id]
# print len(self.jpeg), "tables loaded"
self._open_subimage(1, self.maxid)
def _open_subimage(self, index=1, subimage=0):
#
# setup tile descriptors for a given subimage
stream = [
"Data Object Store %06d" % index,
"Resolution %04d" % subimage,
"Subimage 0000 Header"
]
fp = self.ole.openstream(stream)
# skip prefix
p = fp.read(28)
# header stream
s = fp.read(36)
size = i32(s, 4), i32(s, 8)
tilecount = i32(s, 12)
tilesize = i32(s, 16), i32(s, 20)
channels = i32(s, 24)
offset = i32(s, 28)
length = i32(s, 32)
# print size, self.mode, self.rawmode
if size != self.size:
raise IOError("subimage mismatch")
# get tile descriptors
fp.seek(28 + offset)
s = fp.read(i32(s, 12) * length)
x = y = 0
xsize, ysize = size
xtile, ytile = tilesize
self.tile = []
for i in range(0, len(s), length):
compression = i32(s, i+8)
if compression == 0:
self.tile.append(("raw", (x, y, x+xtile, y+ytile),
i32(s, i) + 28, (self.rawmode)))
elif compression == 1:
# FIXME: the fill decoder is not implemented
self.tile.append(("fill", (x, y, x+xtile, y+ytile),
i32(s, i) + 28, (self.rawmode, s[12:16])))
elif compression == 2:
internal_color_conversion = i8(s[14])
jpeg_tables = i8(s[15])
rawmode = self.rawmode
if internal_color_conversion:
# The image is stored as usual (usually YCbCr).
if rawmode == "RGBA":
# For "RGBA", data is stored as YCbCrA based on
# negative RGB. The following trick works around
# this problem :
jpegmode, rawmode = "YCbCrK", "CMYK"
else:
jpegmode = None # let the decoder decide
else:
# The image is stored as defined by rawmode
jpegmode = rawmode
self.tile.append(("jpeg", (x, y, x+xtile, y+ytile),
i32(s, i) + 28, (rawmode, jpegmode)))
# FIXME: jpeg tables are tile dependent; the prefix
# data must be placed in the tile descriptor itself!
if jpeg_tables:
self.tile_prefix = self.jpeg[jpeg_tables]
else:
raise IOError("unknown/invalid compression")
x = x + xtile
if x >= xsize:
x, y = 0, y + ytile
if y >= ysize:
break # isn't really required
self.stream = stream
self.fp = None
def load(self):
if not self.fp:
self.fp = self.ole.openstream(self.stream[:2] +
["Subimage 0000 Data"])
ImageFile.ImageFile.load(self)
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("FPX", FpxImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("FPX", ".fpx")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# load a GIMP brush file
#
# History:
# 96-03-14 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
i32 = _binary.i32be
def _accept(prefix):
return i32(prefix) >= 20 and i32(prefix[4:8]) == 1
##
# Image plugin for the GIMP brush format.
class GbrImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "GBR"
format_description = "GIMP brush file"
def _open(self):
header_size = i32(self.fp.read(4))
version = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if header_size < 20 or version != 1:
raise SyntaxError("not a GIMP brush")
width = i32(self.fp.read(4))
height = i32(self.fp.read(4))
bytes = i32(self.fp.read(4))
if width <= 0 or height <= 0 or bytes != 1:
raise SyntaxError("not a GIMP brush")
comment = self.fp.read(header_size - 20)[:-1]
self.mode = "L"
self.size = width, height
self.info["comment"] = comment
# Since the brush is so small, we read the data immediately
self.data = self.fp.read(width * height)
def load(self):
if not self.data:
return
# create an image out of the brush data block
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
self.im.frombytes(self.data)
self.data = b""
#
# registry
Image.register_open("GBR", GbrImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("GBR", ".gbr")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# GD file handling
#
# History:
# 1996-04-12 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# NOTE: This format cannot be automatically recognized, so the
# class is not registered for use with Image.open(). To open a
# gd file, use the GdImageFile.open() function instead.
# THE GD FORMAT IS NOT DESIGNED FOR DATA INTERCHANGE. This
# implementation is provided for convenience and demonstrational
# purposes only.
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
from PIL._util import isPath
try:
import builtins
except ImportError:
import __builtin__
builtins = __builtin__
i16 = _binary.i16be
##
# Image plugin for the GD uncompressed format. Note that this format
# is not supported by the standard <b>Image.open</b> function. To use
# this plugin, you have to import the <b>GdImageFile</b> module and
# use the <b>GdImageFile.open</b> function.
class GdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "GD"
format_description = "GD uncompressed images"
def _open(self):
# Header
s = self.fp.read(775)
self.mode = "L" # FIXME: "P"
self.size = i16(s[0:2]), i16(s[2:4])
# transparency index
tindex = i16(s[5:7])
if tindex < 256:
self.info["transparent"] = tindex
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", s[7:])
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, 775, ("L", 0, -1))]
##
# Load texture from a GD image file.
#
# @param filename GD file name, or an opened file handle.
# @param mode Optional mode. In this version, if the mode argument
# is given, it must be "r".
# @return An image instance.
# @exception IOError If the image could not be read.
def open(fp, mode="r"):
if mode != "r":
raise ValueError("bad mode")
if isPath(fp):
filename = fp
fp = builtins.open(fp, "rb")
else:
filename = ""
try:
return GdImageFile(fp, filename)
except SyntaxError:
raise IOError("cannot identify this image file")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# GIF file handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-12-14 fl Added interlace support
# 1996-12-30 fl Added animation support
# 1997-01-05 fl Added write support, fixed local colour map bug
# 1997-02-23 fl Make sure to load raster data in getdata()
# 1997-07-05 fl Support external decoder (0.4)
# 1998-07-09 fl Handle all modes when saving (0.5)
# 1998-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
# 2001-04-16 fl Added rewind support (seek to frame 0) (0.6)
# 2001-04-17 fl Added palette optimization (0.7)
# 2002-06-06 fl Added transparency support for save (0.8)
# 2004-02-24 fl Disable interlacing for small images
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.9"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
o8 = _binary.o8
o16 = _binary.o16le
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Identify/read GIF files
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:6] in [b"GIF87a", b"GIF89a"]
##
# Image plugin for GIF images. This plugin supports both GIF87 and
# GIF89 images.
class GifImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "GIF"
format_description = "Compuserve GIF"
global_palette = None
def data(self):
s = self.fp.read(1)
if s and i8(s):
return self.fp.read(i8(s))
return None
def _open(self):
# Screen
s = self.fp.read(13)
if s[:6] not in [b"GIF87a", b"GIF89a"]:
raise SyntaxError("not a GIF file")
self.info["version"] = s[:6]
self.size = i16(s[6:]), i16(s[8:])
self.tile = []
flags = i8(s[10])
bits = (flags & 7) + 1
if flags & 128:
# get global palette
self.info["background"] = i8(s[11])
# check if palette contains colour indices
p = self.fp.read(3 << bits)
for i in range(0, len(p), 3):
if not (i//3 == i8(p[i]) == i8(p[i+1]) == i8(p[i+2])):
p = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", p)
self.global_palette = self.palette = p
break
self.__fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
self.__rewind = self.fp.tell()
self.seek(0) # get ready to read first frame
def seek(self, frame):
if frame == 0:
# rewind
self.__offset = 0
self.dispose = None
self.dispose_extent = [0, 0, 0, 0] # x0, y0, x1, y1
self.__frame = -1
self.__fp.seek(self.__rewind)
self._prev_im = None
self.disposal_method = 0
else:
# ensure that the previous frame was loaded
if not self.im:
self.load()
if frame != self.__frame + 1:
raise ValueError("cannot seek to frame %d" % frame)
self.__frame = frame
self.tile = []
self.fp = self.__fp
if self.__offset:
# backup to last frame
self.fp.seek(self.__offset)
while self.data():
pass
self.__offset = 0
if self.dispose:
self.im.paste(self.dispose, self.dispose_extent)
from copy import copy
self.palette = copy(self.global_palette)
while True:
s = self.fp.read(1)
if not s or s == b";":
break
elif s == b"!":
#
# extensions
#
s = self.fp.read(1)
block = self.data()
if i8(s) == 249:
#
# graphic control extension
#
flags = i8(block[0])
if flags & 1:
self.info["transparency"] = i8(block[3])
self.info["duration"] = i16(block[1:3]) * 10
# disposal method - find the value of bits 4 - 6
dispose_bits = 0b00011100 & flags
dispose_bits = dispose_bits >> 2
if dispose_bits:
# only set the dispose if it is not
# unspecified. I'm not sure if this is
# correct, but it seems to prevent the last
# frame from looking odd for some animations
self.disposal_method = dispose_bits
elif i8(s) == 255:
#
# application extension
#
self.info["extension"] = block, self.fp.tell()
if block[:11] == b"NETSCAPE2.0":
block = self.data()
if len(block) >= 3 and i8(block[0]) == 1:
self.info["loop"] = i16(block[1:3])
while self.data():
pass
elif s == b",":
#
# local image
#
s = self.fp.read(9)
# extent
x0, y0 = i16(s[0:]), i16(s[2:])
x1, y1 = x0 + i16(s[4:]), y0 + i16(s[6:])
self.dispose_extent = x0, y0, x1, y1
flags = i8(s[8])
interlace = (flags & 64) != 0
if flags & 128:
bits = (flags & 7) + 1
self.palette =\
ImagePalette.raw("RGB", self.fp.read(3 << bits))
# image data
bits = i8(self.fp.read(1))
self.__offset = self.fp.tell()
self.tile = [("gif",
(x0, y0, x1, y1),
self.__offset,
(bits, interlace))]
break
else:
pass
# raise IOError, "illegal GIF tag `%x`" % i8(s)
try:
if self.disposal_method < 2:
# do not dispose or none specified
self.dispose = None
elif self.disposal_method == 2:
# replace with background colour
self.dispose = Image.core.fill("P", self.size,
self.info["background"])
else:
# replace with previous contents
if self.im:
self.dispose = self.im.copy()
# only dispose the extent in this frame
if self.dispose:
self.dispose = self.dispose.crop(self.dispose_extent)
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
pass
if not self.tile:
# self.__fp = None
raise EOFError("no more images in GIF file")
self.mode = "L"
if self.palette:
self.mode = "P"
def tell(self):
return self.__frame
def load_end(self):
ImageFile.ImageFile.load_end(self)
# if the disposal method is 'do not dispose', transparent
# pixels should show the content of the previous frame
if self._prev_im and self.disposal_method == 1:
# we do this by pasting the updated area onto the previous
# frame which we then use as the current image content
updated = self.im.crop(self.dispose_extent)
self._prev_im.paste(updated, self.dispose_extent,
updated.convert('RGBA'))
self.im = self._prev_im
self._prev_im = self.im.copy()
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write GIF files
try:
import _imaging_gif
except ImportError:
_imaging_gif = None
RAWMODE = {
"1": "L",
"L": "L",
"P": "P",
}
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _imaging_gif:
# call external driver
try:
_imaging_gif.save(im, fp, filename)
return
except IOError:
pass # write uncompressed file
if im.mode in RAWMODE:
imOut = im
else:
# convert on the fly (EXPERIMENTAL -- I'm not sure PIL
# should automatically convert images on save...)
if Image.getmodebase(im.mode) == "RGB":
palette_size = 256
if im.palette:
palette_size = len(im.palette.getdata()[1]) // 3
imOut = im.convert("P", palette=1, colors=palette_size)
else:
imOut = im.convert("L")
# header
try:
palette = im.encoderinfo["palette"]
except KeyError:
palette = None
im.encoderinfo["optimize"] = im.encoderinfo.get("optimize", True)
header, usedPaletteColors = getheader(imOut, palette, im.encoderinfo)
for s in header:
fp.write(s)
flags = 0
try:
interlace = im.encoderinfo["interlace"]
except KeyError:
interlace = 1
# workaround for @PIL153
if min(im.size) < 16:
interlace = 0
if interlace:
flags = flags | 64
try:
transparency = im.encoderinfo["transparency"]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
transparency = int(transparency)
# optimize the block away if transparent color is not used
transparentColorExists = True
# adjust the transparency index after optimize
if usedPaletteColors is not None and len(usedPaletteColors) < 256:
for i in range(len(usedPaletteColors)):
if usedPaletteColors[i] == transparency:
transparency = i
transparentColorExists = True
break
else:
transparentColorExists = False
# transparency extension block
if transparentColorExists:
fp.write(b"!" +
o8(249) + # extension intro
o8(4) + # length
o8(1) + # transparency info present
o16(0) + # duration
o8(transparency) # transparency index
+ o8(0))
# local image header
fp.write(b"," +
o16(0) + o16(0) + # bounding box
o16(im.size[0]) + # size
o16(im.size[1]) +
o8(flags) + # flags
o8(8)) # bits
imOut.encoderconfig = (8, interlace)
ImageFile._save(imOut, fp, [("gif", (0, 0)+im.size, 0,
RAWMODE[imOut.mode])])
fp.write(b"\0") # end of image data
fp.write(b";") # end of file
try:
fp.flush()
except:
pass
def _save_netpbm(im, fp, filename):
#
# If you need real GIF compression and/or RGB quantization, you
# can use the external NETPBM/PBMPLUS utilities. See comments
# below for information on how to enable this.
import os
from subprocess import Popen, check_call, PIPE, CalledProcessError
import tempfile
file = im._dump()
if im.mode != "RGB":
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
stderr = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
check_call(["ppmtogif", file], stdout=f, stderr=stderr)
else:
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
# Pipe ppmquant output into ppmtogif
# "ppmquant 256 %s | ppmtogif > %s" % (file, filename)
quant_cmd = ["ppmquant", "256", file]
togif_cmd = ["ppmtogif"]
stderr = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
quant_proc = Popen(quant_cmd, stdout=PIPE, stderr=stderr)
stderr = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
togif_proc = Popen(togif_cmd, stdin=quant_proc.stdout, stdout=f,
stderr=stderr)
# Allow ppmquant to receive SIGPIPE if ppmtogif exits
quant_proc.stdout.close()
retcode = quant_proc.wait()
if retcode:
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, quant_cmd)
retcode = togif_proc.wait()
if retcode:
raise CalledProcessError(retcode, togif_cmd)
try:
os.unlink(file)
except:
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# GIF utilities
def getheader(im, palette=None, info=None):
"""Return a list of strings representing a GIF header"""
optimize = info and info.get("optimize", 0)
# Header Block
# http://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/bits_and_bytes.asp
header = [
b"GIF87a" + # signature + version
o16(im.size[0]) + # canvas width
o16(im.size[1]) # canvas height
]
if im.mode == "P":
if palette and isinstance(palette, bytes):
sourcePalette = palette[:768]
else:
sourcePalette = im.im.getpalette("RGB")[:768]
else: # L-mode
if palette and isinstance(palette, bytes):
sourcePalette = palette[:768]
else:
sourcePalette = bytearray([i//3 for i in range(768)])
usedPaletteColors = paletteBytes = None
if im.mode in ("P", "L") and optimize:
usedPaletteColors = []
# check which colors are used
i = 0
for count in im.histogram():
if count:
usedPaletteColors.append(i)
i += 1
# create the new palette if not every color is used
if len(usedPaletteColors) < 256:
paletteBytes = b""
newPositions = {}
i = 0
# pick only the used colors from the palette
for oldPosition in usedPaletteColors:
paletteBytes += sourcePalette[oldPosition*3:oldPosition*3+3]
newPositions[oldPosition] = i
i += 1
# replace the palette color id of all pixel with the new id
imageBytes = bytearray(im.tobytes())
for i in range(len(imageBytes)):
imageBytes[i] = newPositions[imageBytes[i]]
im.frombytes(bytes(imageBytes))
newPaletteBytes = (paletteBytes +
(768 - len(paletteBytes)) * b'\x00')
im.putpalette(newPaletteBytes)
im.palette = ImagePalette.ImagePalette("RGB", palette=paletteBytes,
size=len(paletteBytes))
if not paletteBytes:
paletteBytes = sourcePalette
# Logical Screen Descriptor
# calculate the palette size for the header
import math
colorTableSize = int(math.ceil(math.log(len(paletteBytes)//3, 2)))-1
if colorTableSize < 0:
colorTableSize = 0
# size of global color table + global color table flag
header.append(o8(colorTableSize + 128))
# background + reserved/aspect
header.append(o8(0) + o8(0))
# end of Logical Screen Descriptor
# add the missing amount of bytes
# the palette has to be 2<<n in size
actualTargetSizeDiff = (2 << colorTableSize) - len(paletteBytes)//3
if actualTargetSizeDiff > 0:
paletteBytes += o8(0) * 3 * actualTargetSizeDiff
# Header + Logical Screen Descriptor + Global Color Table
header.append(paletteBytes)
return header, usedPaletteColors
def getdata(im, offset=(0, 0), **params):
"""Return a list of strings representing this image.
The first string is a local image header, the rest contains
encoded image data."""
class collector:
data = []
def write(self, data):
self.data.append(data)
im.load() # make sure raster data is available
fp = collector()
try:
im.encoderinfo = params
# local image header
fp.write(b"," +
o16(offset[0]) + # offset
o16(offset[1]) +
o16(im.size[0]) + # size
o16(im.size[1]) +
o8(0) + # flags
o8(8)) # bits
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("gif", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, RAWMODE[im.mode])])
fp.write(b"\0") # end of image data
finally:
del im.encoderinfo
return fp.data
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(GifImageFile.format, GifImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(GifImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(GifImageFile.format, ".gif")
Image.register_mime(GifImageFile.format, "image/gif")
#
# Uncomment the following line if you wish to use NETPBM/PBMPLUS
# instead of the built-in "uncompressed" GIF encoder
# Image.register_save(GifImageFile.format, _save_netpbm)

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#
# Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# stuff to read (and render) GIMP gradient files
#
# History:
# 97-08-23 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from math import pi, log, sin, sqrt
from PIL._binary import o8
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stuff to translate curve segments to palette values (derived from
# the corresponding code in GIMP, written by Federico Mena Quintero.
# See the GIMP distribution for more information.)
#
EPSILON = 1e-10
def linear(middle, pos):
if pos <= middle:
if middle < EPSILON:
return 0.0
else:
return 0.5 * pos / middle
else:
pos = pos - middle
middle = 1.0 - middle
if middle < EPSILON:
return 1.0
else:
return 0.5 + 0.5 * pos / middle
def curved(middle, pos):
return pos ** (log(0.5) / log(max(middle, EPSILON)))
def sine(middle, pos):
return (sin((-pi / 2.0) + pi * linear(middle, pos)) + 1.0) / 2.0
def sphere_increasing(middle, pos):
return sqrt(1.0 - (linear(middle, pos) - 1.0) ** 2)
def sphere_decreasing(middle, pos):
return 1.0 - sqrt(1.0 - linear(middle, pos) ** 2)
SEGMENTS = [linear, curved, sine, sphere_increasing, sphere_decreasing]
class GradientFile:
gradient = None
def getpalette(self, entries=256):
palette = []
ix = 0
x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
for i in range(entries):
x = i / float(entries-1)
while x1 < x:
ix += 1
x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment = self.gradient[ix]
w = x1 - x0
if w < EPSILON:
scale = segment(0.5, 0.5)
else:
scale = segment((xm - x0) / w, (x - x0) / w)
# expand to RGBA
r = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[0] - rgb0[0]) * scale + rgb0[0]) + 0.5))
g = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[1] - rgb0[1]) * scale + rgb0[1]) + 0.5))
b = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[2] - rgb0[2]) * scale + rgb0[2]) + 0.5))
a = o8(int(255 * ((rgb1[3] - rgb0[3]) * scale + rgb0[3]) + 0.5))
# add to palette
palette.append(r + g + b + a)
return b"".join(palette), "RGBA"
##
# File handler for GIMP's gradient format.
class GimpGradientFile(GradientFile):
def __init__(self, fp):
if fp.readline()[:13] != b"GIMP Gradient":
raise SyntaxError("not a GIMP gradient file")
line = fp.readline()
# GIMP 1.2 gradient files don't contain a name, but GIMP 1.3 files do
if line.startswith(b"Name: "):
line = fp.readline().strip()
count = int(line)
gradient = []
for i in range(count):
s = fp.readline().split()
w = [float(x) for x in s[:11]]
x0, x1 = w[0], w[2]
xm = w[1]
rgb0 = w[3:7]
rgb1 = w[7:11]
segment = SEGMENTS[int(s[11])]
cspace = int(s[12])
if cspace != 0:
raise IOError("cannot handle HSV colour space")
gradient.append((x0, x1, xm, rgb0, rgb1, segment))
self.gradient = gradient

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#
# Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# stuff to read GIMP palette files
#
# History:
# 1997-08-23 fl Created
# 2004-09-07 fl Support GIMP 2.0 palette files.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2004. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997-2004.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import re
from PIL._binary import o8
##
# File handler for GIMP's palette format.
class GimpPaletteFile:
rawmode = "RGB"
def __init__(self, fp):
self.palette = [o8(i)*3 for i in range(256)]
if fp.readline()[:12] != b"GIMP Palette":
raise SyntaxError("not a GIMP palette file")
i = 0
while i <= 255:
s = fp.readline()
if not s:
break
# skip fields and comment lines
if re.match(b"\w+:|#", s):
continue
if len(s) > 100:
raise SyntaxError("bad palette file")
v = tuple(map(int, s.split()[:3]))
if len(v) != 3:
raise ValueError("bad palette entry")
if 0 <= i <= 255:
self.palette[i] = o8(v[0]) + o8(v[1]) + o8(v[2])
i += 1
self.palette = b"".join(self.palette)
def getpalette(self):
return self.palette, self.rawmode

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# GRIB stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
##
# Install application-specific GRIB image handler.
#
# @param handler Handler object.
def register_handler(handler):
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[0:4] == b"GRIB" and prefix[7] == b'\x01'
class GribStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "GRIB"
format_description = "GRIB"
def _open(self):
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
raise SyntaxError("Not a GRIB file")
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self.mode = "F"
self.size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self):
return _handler
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _handler is None or not hasattr("_handler", "save"):
raise IOError("GRIB save handler not installed")
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(GribStubImageFile.format, GribStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(GribStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(GribStubImageFile.format, ".grib")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# HDF5 stub adapter
#
# Copyright (c) 2000-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
_handler = None
##
# Install application-specific HDF5 image handler.
#
# @param handler Handler object.
def register_handler(handler):
global _handler
_handler = handler
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image adapter
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:8] == b"\x89HDF\r\n\x1a\n"
class HDF5StubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "HDF5"
format_description = "HDF5"
def _open(self):
offset = self.fp.tell()
if not _accept(self.fp.read(8)):
raise SyntaxError("Not an HDF file")
self.fp.seek(offset)
# make something up
self.mode = "F"
self.size = 1, 1
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self):
return _handler
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _handler is None or not hasattr("_handler", "save"):
raise IOError("HDF5 save handler not installed")
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open(HDF5StubImageFile.format, HDF5StubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(HDF5StubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(HDF5StubImageFile.format, ".h5")
Image.register_extension(HDF5StubImageFile.format, ".hdf")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Mac OS X icns file decoder, based on icns.py by Bob Ippolito.
#
# history:
# 2004-10-09 fl Turned into a PIL plugin; removed 2.3 dependencies.
#
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Bob Ippolito.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Secret Labs.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Fredrik Lundh.
# Copyright (c) 2014 by Alastair Houghton.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, PngImagePlugin, _binary
import io
import struct
enable_jpeg2k = hasattr(Image.core, 'jp2klib_version')
if enable_jpeg2k:
from PIL import Jpeg2KImagePlugin
i8 = _binary.i8
HEADERSIZE = 8
def nextheader(fobj):
return struct.unpack('>4sI', fobj.read(HEADERSIZE))
def read_32t(fobj, start_length, size):
# The 128x128 icon seems to have an extra header for some reason.
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
sig = fobj.read(4)
if sig != b'\x00\x00\x00\x00':
raise SyntaxError('Unknown signature, expecting 0x00000000')
return read_32(fobj, (start + 4, length - 4), size)
def read_32(fobj, start_length, size):
"""
Read a 32bit RGB icon resource. Seems to be either uncompressed or
an RLE packbits-like scheme.
"""
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
pixel_size = (size[0] * size[2], size[1] * size[2])
sizesq = pixel_size[0] * pixel_size[1]
if length == sizesq * 3:
# uncompressed ("RGBRGBGB")
indata = fobj.read(length)
im = Image.frombuffer("RGB", pixel_size, indata, "raw", "RGB", 0, 1)
else:
# decode image
im = Image.new("RGB", pixel_size, None)
for band_ix in range(3):
data = []
bytesleft = sizesq
while bytesleft > 0:
byte = fobj.read(1)
if not byte:
break
byte = i8(byte)
if byte & 0x80:
blocksize = byte - 125
byte = fobj.read(1)
for i in range(blocksize):
data.append(byte)
else:
blocksize = byte + 1
data.append(fobj.read(blocksize))
bytesleft -= blocksize
if bytesleft <= 0:
break
if bytesleft != 0:
raise SyntaxError(
"Error reading channel [%r left]" % bytesleft
)
band = Image.frombuffer(
"L", pixel_size, b"".join(data), "raw", "L", 0, 1
)
im.im.putband(band.im, band_ix)
return {"RGB": im}
def read_mk(fobj, start_length, size):
# Alpha masks seem to be uncompressed
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
pixel_size = (size[0] * size[2], size[1] * size[2])
sizesq = pixel_size[0] * pixel_size[1]
band = Image.frombuffer(
"L", pixel_size, fobj.read(sizesq), "raw", "L", 0, 1
)
return {"A": band}
def read_png_or_jpeg2000(fobj, start_length, size):
(start, length) = start_length
fobj.seek(start)
sig = fobj.read(12)
if sig[:8] == b'\x89PNG\x0d\x0a\x1a\x0a':
fobj.seek(start)
im = PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(fobj)
return {"RGBA": im}
elif sig[:4] == b'\xff\x4f\xff\x51' \
or sig[:4] == b'\x0d\x0a\x87\x0a' \
or sig == b'\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP \x0d\x0a\x87\x0a':
if not enable_jpeg2k:
raise ValueError('Unsupported icon subimage format (rebuild PIL '
'with JPEG 2000 support to fix this)')
# j2k, jpc or j2c
fobj.seek(start)
jp2kstream = fobj.read(length)
f = io.BytesIO(jp2kstream)
im = Jpeg2KImagePlugin.Jpeg2KImageFile(f)
if im.mode != 'RGBA':
im = im.convert('RGBA')
return {"RGBA": im}
else:
raise ValueError('Unsupported icon subimage format')
class IcnsFile:
SIZES = {
(512, 512, 2): [
(b'ic10', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(512, 512, 1): [
(b'ic09', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(256, 256, 2): [
(b'ic14', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(256, 256, 1): [
(b'ic08', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(128, 128, 2): [
(b'ic13', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(128, 128, 1): [
(b'ic07', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b'it32', read_32t),
(b't8mk', read_mk),
],
(64, 64, 1): [
(b'icp6', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(32, 32, 2): [
(b'ic12', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(48, 48, 1): [
(b'ih32', read_32),
(b'h8mk', read_mk),
],
(32, 32, 1): [
(b'icp5', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b'il32', read_32),
(b'l8mk', read_mk),
],
(16, 16, 2): [
(b'ic11', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
],
(16, 16, 1): [
(b'icp4', read_png_or_jpeg2000),
(b'is32', read_32),
(b's8mk', read_mk),
],
}
def __init__(self, fobj):
"""
fobj is a file-like object as an icns resource
"""
# signature : (start, length)
self.dct = dct = {}
self.fobj = fobj
sig, filesize = nextheader(fobj)
if sig != b'icns':
raise SyntaxError('not an icns file')
i = HEADERSIZE
while i < filesize:
sig, blocksize = nextheader(fobj)
if blocksize <= 0:
raise SyntaxError('invalid block header')
i += HEADERSIZE
blocksize -= HEADERSIZE
dct[sig] = (i, blocksize)
fobj.seek(blocksize, 1)
i += blocksize
def itersizes(self):
sizes = []
for size, fmts in self.SIZES.items():
for (fmt, reader) in fmts:
if fmt in self.dct:
sizes.append(size)
break
return sizes
def bestsize(self):
sizes = self.itersizes()
if not sizes:
raise SyntaxError("No 32bit icon resources found")
return max(sizes)
def dataforsize(self, size):
"""
Get an icon resource as {channel: array}. Note that
the arrays are bottom-up like windows bitmaps and will likely
need to be flipped or transposed in some way.
"""
dct = {}
for code, reader in self.SIZES[size]:
desc = self.dct.get(code)
if desc is not None:
dct.update(reader(self.fobj, desc, size))
return dct
def getimage(self, size=None):
if size is None:
size = self.bestsize()
if len(size) == 2:
size = (size[0], size[1], 1)
channels = self.dataforsize(size)
im = channels.get('RGBA', None)
if im:
return im
im = channels.get("RGB").copy()
try:
im.putalpha(channels["A"])
except KeyError:
pass
return im
##
# Image plugin for Mac OS icons.
class IcnsImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
PIL read-only image support for Mac OS .icns files.
Chooses the best resolution, but will possibly load
a different size image if you mutate the size attribute
before calling 'load'.
The info dictionary has a key 'sizes' that is a list
of sizes that the icns file has.
"""
format = "ICNS"
format_description = "Mac OS icns resource"
def _open(self):
self.icns = IcnsFile(self.fp)
self.mode = 'RGBA'
self.best_size = self.icns.bestsize()
self.size = (self.best_size[0] * self.best_size[2],
self.best_size[1] * self.best_size[2])
self.info['sizes'] = self.icns.itersizes()
# Just use this to see if it's loaded or not yet.
self.tile = ('',)
def load(self):
if len(self.size) == 3:
self.best_size = self.size
self.size = (self.best_size[0] * self.best_size[2],
self.best_size[1] * self.best_size[2])
Image.Image.load(self)
if not self.tile:
return
self.load_prepare()
# This is likely NOT the best way to do it, but whatever.
im = self.icns.getimage(self.best_size)
# If this is a PNG or JPEG 2000, it won't be loaded yet
im.load()
self.im = im.im
self.mode = im.mode
self.size = im.size
self.fp = None
self.icns = None
self.tile = ()
self.load_end()
Image.register_open("ICNS", IcnsImageFile, lambda x: x[:4] == b'icns')
Image.register_extension("ICNS", '.icns')
if __name__ == '__main__':
import os
import sys
imf = IcnsImageFile(open(sys.argv[1], 'rb'))
for size in imf.info['sizes']:
imf.size = size
imf.load()
im = imf.im
im.save('out-%s-%s-%s.png' % size)
im = Image.open(open(sys.argv[1], "rb"))
im.save("out.png")
if sys.platform == 'windows':
os.startfile("out.png")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Windows Icon support for PIL
#
# History:
# 96-05-27 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
# <casadebender@gmail.com>.
# https://code.google.com/p/casadebender/wiki/Win32IconImagePlugin
#
# Icon format references:
# * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICO_(file_format)
# * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms997538.aspx
__version__ = "0.1"
import struct
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, BmpImagePlugin, PngImagePlugin, _binary
from math import log, ceil
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
_MAGIC = b"\0\0\1\0"
def _save(im, fp, filename):
fp.write(_MAGIC) # (2+2)
sizes = im.encoderinfo.get("sizes",
[(16, 16), (24, 24), (32, 32), (48, 48),
(64, 64), (128, 128), (255, 255)])
width, height = im.size
filter(lambda x: False if (x[0] > width or x[1] > height or
x[0] > 255 or x[1] > 255) else True, sizes)
sizes = sorted(sizes, key=lambda x: x[0])
fp.write(struct.pack("H", len(sizes))) # idCount(2)
offset = fp.tell() + len(sizes)*16
for size in sizes:
width, height = size
fp.write(struct.pack("B", width)) # bWidth(1)
fp.write(struct.pack("B", height)) # bHeight(1)
fp.write(b"\0") # bColorCount(1)
fp.write(b"\0") # bReserved(1)
fp.write(b"\0\0") # wPlanes(2)
fp.write(struct.pack("H", 32)) # wBitCount(2)
image_io = BytesIO()
tmp = im.copy()
tmp.thumbnail(size, Image.LANCZOS)
tmp.save(image_io, "png")
image_io.seek(0)
image_bytes = image_io.read()
bytes_len = len(image_bytes)
fp.write(struct.pack("I", bytes_len)) # dwBytesInRes(4)
fp.write(struct.pack("I", offset)) # dwImageOffset(4)
current = fp.tell()
fp.seek(offset)
fp.write(image_bytes)
offset = offset + bytes_len
fp.seek(current)
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] == _MAGIC
class IcoFile:
def __init__(self, buf):
"""
Parse image from file-like object containing ico file data
"""
# check magic
s = buf.read(6)
if not _accept(s):
raise SyntaxError("not an ICO file")
self.buf = buf
self.entry = []
# Number of items in file
self.nb_items = i16(s[4:])
# Get headers for each item
for i in range(self.nb_items):
s = buf.read(16)
icon_header = {
'width': i8(s[0]),
'height': i8(s[1]),
'nb_color': i8(s[2]), # No. of colors in image (0 if >=8bpp)
'reserved': i8(s[3]),
'planes': i16(s[4:]),
'bpp': i16(s[6:]),
'size': i32(s[8:]),
'offset': i32(s[12:])
}
# See Wikipedia
for j in ('width', 'height'):
if not icon_header[j]:
icon_header[j] = 256
# See Wikipedia notes about color depth.
# We need this just to differ images with equal sizes
icon_header['color_depth'] = (icon_header['bpp'] or
(icon_header['nb_color'] != 0 and
ceil(log(icon_header['nb_color'],
2))) or 256)
icon_header['dim'] = (icon_header['width'], icon_header['height'])
icon_header['square'] = (icon_header['width'] *
icon_header['height'])
self.entry.append(icon_header)
self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x['color_depth'])
# ICO images are usually squares
# self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x['width'])
self.entry = sorted(self.entry, key=lambda x: x['square'])
self.entry.reverse()
def sizes(self):
"""
Get a list of all available icon sizes and color depths.
"""
return set((h['width'], h['height']) for h in self.entry)
def getimage(self, size, bpp=False):
"""
Get an image from the icon
"""
for (i, h) in enumerate(self.entry):
if size == h['dim'] and (bpp is False or bpp == h['color_depth']):
return self.frame(i)
return self.frame(0)
def frame(self, idx):
"""
Get an image from frame idx
"""
header = self.entry[idx]
self.buf.seek(header['offset'])
data = self.buf.read(8)
self.buf.seek(header['offset'])
if data[:8] == PngImagePlugin._MAGIC:
# png frame
im = PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile(self.buf)
else:
# XOR + AND mask bmp frame
im = BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(self.buf)
# change tile dimension to only encompass XOR image
im.size = (im.size[0], int(im.size[1] / 2))
d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
im.tile[0] = d, (0, 0) + im.size, o, a
# figure out where AND mask image starts
mode = a[0]
bpp = 8
for k in BmpImagePlugin.BIT2MODE.keys():
if mode == BmpImagePlugin.BIT2MODE[k][1]:
bpp = k
break
if 32 == bpp:
# 32-bit color depth icon image allows semitransparent areas
# PIL's DIB format ignores transparency bits, recover them.
# The DIB is packed in BGRX byte order where X is the alpha
# channel.
# Back up to start of bmp data
self.buf.seek(o)
# extract every 4th byte (eg. 3,7,11,15,...)
alpha_bytes = self.buf.read(im.size[0] * im.size[1] * 4)[3::4]
# convert to an 8bpp grayscale image
mask = Image.frombuffer(
'L', # 8bpp
im.size, # (w, h)
alpha_bytes, # source chars
'raw', # raw decoder
('L', 0, -1) # 8bpp inverted, unpadded, reversed
)
else:
# get AND image from end of bitmap
w = im.size[0]
if (w % 32) > 0:
# bitmap row data is aligned to word boundaries
w += 32 - (im.size[0] % 32)
# the total mask data is
# padded row size * height / bits per char
and_mask_offset = o + int(im.size[0] * im.size[1] *
(bpp / 8.0))
total_bytes = int((w * im.size[1]) / 8)
self.buf.seek(and_mask_offset)
maskData = self.buf.read(total_bytes)
# convert raw data to image
mask = Image.frombuffer(
'1', # 1 bpp
im.size, # (w, h)
maskData, # source chars
'raw', # raw decoder
('1;I', int(w/8), -1) # 1bpp inverted, padded, reversed
)
# now we have two images, im is XOR image and mask is AND image
# apply mask image as alpha channel
im = im.convert('RGBA')
im.putalpha(mask)
return im
##
# Image plugin for Windows Icon files.
class IcoImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
"""
PIL read-only image support for Microsoft Windows .ico files.
By default the largest resolution image in the file will be loaded. This
can be changed by altering the 'size' attribute before calling 'load'.
The info dictionary has a key 'sizes' that is a list of the sizes available
in the icon file.
Handles classic, XP and Vista icon formats.
This plugin is a refactored version of Win32IconImagePlugin by Bryan Davis
<casadebender@gmail.com>.
https://code.google.com/p/casadebender/wiki/Win32IconImagePlugin
"""
format = "ICO"
format_description = "Windows Icon"
def _open(self):
self.ico = IcoFile(self.fp)
self.info['sizes'] = self.ico.sizes()
self.size = self.ico.entry[0]['dim']
self.load()
def load(self):
im = self.ico.getimage(self.size)
# if tile is PNG, it won't really be loaded yet
im.load()
self.im = im.im
self.mode = im.mode
self.size = im.size
def load_seek(self):
# Flage the ImageFile.Parser so that it
# just does all the decode at the end.
pass
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("ICO", IcoImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("ICO", _save)
Image.register_extension("ICO", ".ico")

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@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# IFUNC IM file handling for PIL
#
# history:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created.
# 1997-01-03 fl Save palette images
# 1997-01-08 fl Added sequence support
# 1997-01-23 fl Added P and RGB save support
# 1997-05-31 fl Read floating point images
# 1997-06-22 fl Save floating point images
# 1997-08-27 fl Read and save 1-bit images
# 1998-06-25 fl Added support for RGB+LUT images
# 1998-07-02 fl Added support for YCC images
# 1998-07-15 fl Renamed offset attribute to avoid name clash
# 1998-12-29 fl Added I;16 support
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.7)
# 2003-09-26 fl Added LA/PA support
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2001 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.7"
import re
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
from PIL._binary import i8
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Standard tags
COMMENT = "Comment"
DATE = "Date"
EQUIPMENT = "Digitalization equipment"
FRAMES = "File size (no of images)"
LUT = "Lut"
NAME = "Name"
SCALE = "Scale (x,y)"
SIZE = "Image size (x*y)"
MODE = "Image type"
TAGS = {COMMENT: 0, DATE: 0, EQUIPMENT: 0, FRAMES: 0, LUT: 0, NAME: 0,
SCALE: 0, SIZE: 0, MODE: 0}
OPEN = {
# ifunc93/p3cfunc formats
"0 1 image": ("1", "1"),
"L 1 image": ("1", "1"),
"Greyscale image": ("L", "L"),
"Grayscale image": ("L", "L"),
"RGB image": ("RGB", "RGB;L"),
"RLB image": ("RGB", "RLB"),
"RYB image": ("RGB", "RLB"),
"B1 image": ("1", "1"),
"B2 image": ("P", "P;2"),
"B4 image": ("P", "P;4"),
"X 24 image": ("RGB", "RGB"),
"L 32 S image": ("I", "I;32"),
"L 32 F image": ("F", "F;32"),
# old p3cfunc formats
"RGB3 image": ("RGB", "RGB;T"),
"RYB3 image": ("RGB", "RYB;T"),
# extensions
"LA image": ("LA", "LA;L"),
"RGBA image": ("RGBA", "RGBA;L"),
"RGBX image": ("RGBX", "RGBX;L"),
"CMYK image": ("CMYK", "CMYK;L"),
"YCC image": ("YCbCr", "YCbCr;L"),
}
# ifunc95 extensions
for i in ["8", "8S", "16", "16S", "32", "32F"]:
OPEN["L %s image" % i] = ("F", "F;%s" % i)
OPEN["L*%s image" % i] = ("F", "F;%s" % i)
for i in ["16", "16L", "16B"]:
OPEN["L %s image" % i] = ("I;%s" % i, "I;%s" % i)
OPEN["L*%s image" % i] = ("I;%s" % i, "I;%s" % i)
for i in ["32S"]:
OPEN["L %s image" % i] = ("I", "I;%s" % i)
OPEN["L*%s image" % i] = ("I", "I;%s" % i)
for i in range(2, 33):
OPEN["L*%s image" % i] = ("F", "F;%s" % i)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read IM directory
split = re.compile(br"^([A-Za-z][^:]*):[ \t]*(.*)[ \t]*$")
def number(s):
try:
return int(s)
except ValueError:
return float(s)
##
# Image plugin for the IFUNC IM file format.
class ImImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "IM"
format_description = "IFUNC Image Memory"
def _open(self):
# Quick rejection: if there's not an LF among the first
# 100 bytes, this is (probably) not a text header.
if b"\n" not in self.fp.read(100):
raise SyntaxError("not an IM file")
self.fp.seek(0)
n = 0
# Default values
self.info[MODE] = "L"
self.info[SIZE] = (512, 512)
self.info[FRAMES] = 1
self.rawmode = "L"
while True:
s = self.fp.read(1)
# Some versions of IFUNC uses \n\r instead of \r\n...
if s == b"\r":
continue
if not s or s == b'\0' or s == b'\x1A':
break
# FIXME: this may read whole file if not a text file
s = s + self.fp.readline()
if len(s) > 100:
raise SyntaxError("not an IM file")
if s[-2:] == b'\r\n':
s = s[:-2]
elif s[-1:] == b'\n':
s = s[:-1]
try:
m = split.match(s)
except re.error as v:
raise SyntaxError("not an IM file")
if m:
k, v = m.group(1, 2)
# Don't know if this is the correct encoding,
# but a decent guess (I guess)
k = k.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
v = v.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
# Convert value as appropriate
if k in [FRAMES, SCALE, SIZE]:
v = v.replace("*", ",")
v = tuple(map(number, v.split(",")))
if len(v) == 1:
v = v[0]
elif k == MODE and v in OPEN:
v, self.rawmode = OPEN[v]
# Add to dictionary. Note that COMMENT tags are
# combined into a list of strings.
if k == COMMENT:
if k in self.info:
self.info[k].append(v)
else:
self.info[k] = [v]
else:
self.info[k] = v
if k in TAGS:
n += 1
else:
raise SyntaxError("Syntax error in IM header: " +
s.decode('ascii', 'replace'))
if not n:
raise SyntaxError("Not an IM file")
# Basic attributes
self.size = self.info[SIZE]
self.mode = self.info[MODE]
# Skip forward to start of image data
while s and s[0:1] != b'\x1A':
s = self.fp.read(1)
if not s:
raise SyntaxError("File truncated")
if LUT in self.info:
# convert lookup table to palette or lut attribute
palette = self.fp.read(768)
greyscale = 1 # greyscale palette
linear = 1 # linear greyscale palette
for i in range(256):
if palette[i] == palette[i+256] == palette[i+512]:
if i8(palette[i]) != i:
linear = 0
else:
greyscale = 0
if self.mode == "L" or self.mode == "LA":
if greyscale:
if not linear:
self.lut = [i8(c) for c in palette[:256]]
else:
if self.mode == "L":
self.mode = self.rawmode = "P"
elif self.mode == "LA":
self.mode = self.rawmode = "PA"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", palette)
elif self.mode == "RGB":
if not greyscale or not linear:
self.lut = [i8(c) for c in palette]
self.frame = 0
self.__offset = offs = self.fp.tell()
self.__fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
if self.rawmode[:2] == "F;":
# ifunc95 formats
try:
# use bit decoder (if necessary)
bits = int(self.rawmode[2:])
if bits not in [8, 16, 32]:
self.tile = [("bit", (0, 0)+self.size, offs,
(bits, 8, 3, 0, -1))]
return
except ValueError:
pass
if self.rawmode in ["RGB;T", "RYB;T"]:
# Old LabEye/3PC files. Would be very surprised if anyone
# ever stumbled upon such a file ;-)
size = self.size[0] * self.size[1]
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offs, ("G", 0, -1)),
("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offs+size, ("R", 0, -1)),
("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offs+2*size, ("B", 0, -1))]
else:
# LabEye/IFUNC files
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offs,
(self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
def seek(self, frame):
if frame < 0 or frame >= self.info[FRAMES]:
raise EOFError("seek outside sequence")
if self.frame == frame:
return
self.frame = frame
if self.mode == "1":
bits = 1
else:
bits = 8 * len(self.mode)
size = ((self.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8) * self.size[1]
offs = self.__offset + frame * size
self.fp = self.__fp
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offs, (self.rawmode, 0, -1))]
def tell(self):
return self.frame
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Save IM files
SAVE = {
# mode: (im type, raw mode)
"1": ("0 1", "1"),
"L": ("Greyscale", "L"),
"LA": ("LA", "LA;L"),
"P": ("Greyscale", "P"),
"PA": ("LA", "PA;L"),
"I": ("L 32S", "I;32S"),
"I;16": ("L 16", "I;16"),
"I;16L": ("L 16L", "I;16L"),
"I;16B": ("L 16B", "I;16B"),
"F": ("L 32F", "F;32F"),
"RGB": ("RGB", "RGB;L"),
"RGBA": ("RGBA", "RGBA;L"),
"RGBX": ("RGBX", "RGBX;L"),
"CMYK": ("CMYK", "CMYK;L"),
"YCbCr": ("YCC", "YCbCr;L")
}
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
type, rawmode = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("Cannot save %s images as IM" % im.mode)
try:
frames = im.encoderinfo["frames"]
except KeyError:
frames = 1
if check:
return check
fp.write(("Image type: %s image\r\n" % type).encode('ascii'))
if filename:
fp.write(("Name: %s\r\n" % filename).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("Image size (x*y): %d*%d\r\n" % im.size).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("File size (no of images): %d\r\n" % frames).encode('ascii'))
if im.mode == "P":
fp.write(b"Lut: 1\r\n")
fp.write(b"\000" * (511-fp.tell()) + b"\032")
if im.mode == "P":
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB;L")) # 768 bytes
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, -1))])
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open("IM", ImImageFile)
Image.register_save("IM", _save)
Image.register_extension("IM", ".im")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard channel operations
#
# History:
# 1996-03-24 fl Created
# 1996-08-13 fl Added logical operations (for "1" images)
# 2000-10-12 fl Added offset method (from Image.py)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2000 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-2000 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
def constant(image, value):
"""Fill a channel with a given grey level.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.new("L", image.size, value)
def duplicate(image):
"""Copy a channel. Alias for :py:meth:`PIL.Image.Image.copy`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return image.copy()
def invert(image):
"""
Invert an image (channel).
.. code-block:: python
out = MAX - image
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image.load()
return image._new(image.im.chop_invert())
def lighter(image1, image2):
"""
Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image containing
the lighter values.
.. code-block:: python
out = max(image1, image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_lighter(image2.im))
def darker(image1, image2):
"""
Compares the two images, pixel by pixel, and returns a new image
containing the darker values.
.. code-block:: python
out = min(image1, image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_darker(image2.im))
def difference(image1, image2):
"""
Returns the absolute value of the pixel-by-pixel difference between the two
images.
.. code-block:: python
out = abs(image1 - image2)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_difference(image2.im))
def multiply(image1, image2):
"""
Superimposes two images on top of each other.
If you multiply an image with a solid black image, the result is black. If
you multiply with a solid white image, the image is unaffected.
.. code-block:: python
out = image1 * image2 / MAX
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_multiply(image2.im))
def screen(image1, image2):
"""
Superimposes two inverted images on top of each other.
.. code-block:: python
out = MAX - ((MAX - image1) * (MAX - image2) / MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_screen(image2.im))
def add(image1, image2, scale=1.0, offset=0):
"""
Adds two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the
offset. If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 + image2) / scale + offset)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add(image2.im, scale, offset))
def subtract(image1, image2, scale=1.0, offset=0):
"""
Subtracts two images, dividing the result by scale and adding the
offset. If omitted, scale defaults to 1.0, and offset to 0.0.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 - image2) / scale + offset)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract(image2.im, scale, offset))
def add_modulo(image1, image2):
"""Add two images, without clipping the result.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 + image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_add_modulo(image2.im))
def subtract_modulo(image1, image2):
"""Subtract two images, without clipping the result.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 - image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_subtract_modulo(image2.im))
def logical_and(image1, image2):
"""Logical AND between two images.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 and image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_and(image2.im))
def logical_or(image1, image2):
"""Logical OR between two images.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((image1 or image2) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_or(image2.im))
def logical_xor(image1, image2):
"""Logical XOR between two images.
.. code-block:: python
out = ((bool(image1) != bool(image2)) % MAX)
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
image1.load()
image2.load()
return image1._new(image1.im.chop_xor(image2.im))
def blend(image1, image2, alpha):
"""Blend images using constant transparency weight. Alias for
:py:meth:`PIL.Image.Image.blend`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.blend(image1, image2, alpha)
def composite(image1, image2, mask):
"""Create composite using transparency mask. Alias for
:py:meth:`PIL.Image.Image.composite`.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.composite(image1, image2, mask)
def offset(image, xoffset, yoffset=None):
"""Returns a copy of the image where data has been offset by the given
distances. Data wraps around the edges. If **yoffset** is omitted, it
is assumed to be equal to **xoffset**.
:param xoffset: The horizontal distance.
:param yoffset: The vertical distance. If omitted, both
distances are set to the same value.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
if yoffset is None:
yoffset = xoffset
image.load()
return image._new(image.im.offset(xoffset, yoffset))

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@ -0,0 +1,972 @@
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
# Optional color managment support, based on Kevin Cazabon's PyCMS
# library.
# History:
# 2009-03-08 fl Added to PIL.
# Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Kevin Cazabon
# Copyright (c) 2009 by Fredrik Lundh
# Copyright (c) 2013 by Eric Soroos
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution. See
# below for the original description.
from __future__ import print_function
DESCRIPTION = """
pyCMS
a Python / PIL interface to the littleCMS ICC Color Management System
Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Kevin Cazabon
kevin@cazabon.com
http://www.cazabon.com
pyCMS home page: http://www.cazabon.com/pyCMS
littleCMS home page: http://www.littlecms.com
(littleCMS is Copyright (C) 1998-2001 Marti Maria)
Originally released under LGPL. Graciously donated to PIL in
March 2009, for distribution under the standard PIL license
The pyCMS.py module provides a "clean" interface between Python/PIL and
pyCMSdll, taking care of some of the more complex handling of the direct
pyCMSdll functions, as well as error-checking and making sure that all
relevant data is kept together.
While it is possible to call pyCMSdll functions directly, it's not highly
recommended.
Version History:
1.0.0 pil Oct 2013 Port to LCMS 2.
0.1.0 pil mod March 10, 2009
Renamed display profile to proof profile. The proof
profile is the profile of the device that is being
simulated, not the profile of the device which is
actually used to display/print the final simulation
(that'd be the output profile) - also see LCMSAPI.txt
input colorspace -> using 'renderingIntent' -> proof
colorspace -> using 'proofRenderingIntent' -> output
colorspace
Added LCMS FLAGS support.
Added FLAGS["SOFTPROOFING"] as default flag for
buildProofTransform (otherwise the proof profile/intent
would be ignored).
0.1.0 pil March 2009 - added to PIL, as PIL.ImageCms
0.0.2 alpha Jan 6, 2002
Added try/except statements arount type() checks of
potential CObjects... Python won't let you use type()
on them, and raises a TypeError (stupid, if you ask
me!)
Added buildProofTransformFromOpenProfiles() function.
Additional fixes in DLL, see DLL code for details.
0.0.1 alpha first public release, Dec. 26, 2002
Known to-do list with current version (of Python interface, not pyCMSdll):
none
"""
VERSION = "1.0.0 pil"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
from PIL import Image
try:
from PIL import _imagingcms
except ImportError as ex:
# Allow error import for doc purposes, but error out when accessing
# anything in core.
from _util import deferred_error
_imagingcms = deferred_error(ex)
from PIL._util import isStringType
core = _imagingcms
#
# intent/direction values
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1
INTENT_SATURATION = 2
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3
DIRECTION_INPUT = 0
DIRECTION_OUTPUT = 1
DIRECTION_PROOF = 2
#
# flags
FLAGS = {
"MATRIXINPUT": 1,
"MATRIXOUTPUT": 2,
"MATRIXONLY": (1 | 2),
"NOWHITEONWHITEFIXUP": 4, # Don't hot fix scum dot
# Don't create prelinearization tables on precalculated transforms
# (internal use):
"NOPRELINEARIZATION": 16,
"GUESSDEVICECLASS": 32, # Guess device class (for transform2devicelink)
"NOTCACHE": 64, # Inhibit 1-pixel cache
"NOTPRECALC": 256,
"NULLTRANSFORM": 512, # Don't transform anyway
"HIGHRESPRECALC": 1024, # Use more memory to give better accurancy
"LOWRESPRECALC": 2048, # Use less memory to minimize resouces
"WHITEBLACKCOMPENSATION": 8192,
"BLACKPOINTCOMPENSATION": 8192,
"GAMUTCHECK": 4096, # Out of Gamut alarm
"SOFTPROOFING": 16384, # Do softproofing
"PRESERVEBLACK": 32768, # Black preservation
"NODEFAULTRESOURCEDEF": 16777216, # CRD special
"GRIDPOINTS": lambda n: ((n) & 0xFF) << 16 # Gridpoints
}
_MAX_FLAG = 0
for flag in FLAGS.values():
if isinstance(flag, int):
_MAX_FLAG = _MAX_FLAG | flag
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
# Experimental PIL-level API
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
##
# Profile.
class ImageCmsProfile:
def __init__(self, profile):
"""
:param profile: Either a string representing a filename,
a file like object containing a profile or a
low-level profile object
"""
if isStringType(profile):
self._set(core.profile_open(profile), profile)
elif hasattr(profile, "read"):
self._set(core.profile_frombytes(profile.read()))
else:
self._set(profile) # assume it's already a profile
def _set(self, profile, filename=None):
self.profile = profile
self.filename = filename
if profile:
self.product_name = None # profile.product_name
self.product_info = None # profile.product_info
else:
self.product_name = None
self.product_info = None
def tobytes(self):
"""
Returns the profile in a format suitable for embedding in
saved images.
:returns: a bytes object containing the ICC profile.
"""
return core.profile_tobytes(self.profile)
class ImageCmsTransform(Image.ImagePointHandler):
# Transform. This can be used with the procedural API, or with the
# standard Image.point() method.
#
# Will return the output profile in the output.info['icc_profile'].
def __init__(self, input, output, input_mode, output_mode,
intent=INTENT_PERCEPTUAL, proof=None,
proof_intent=INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC, flags=0):
if proof is None:
self.transform = core.buildTransform(
input.profile, output.profile,
input_mode, output_mode,
intent,
flags
)
else:
self.transform = core.buildProofTransform(
input.profile, output.profile, proof.profile,
input_mode, output_mode,
intent, proof_intent,
flags
)
# Note: inputMode and outputMode are for pyCMS compatibility only
self.input_mode = self.inputMode = input_mode
self.output_mode = self.outputMode = output_mode
self.output_profile = output
def point(self, im):
return self.apply(im)
def apply(self, im, imOut=None):
im.load()
if imOut is None:
imOut = Image.new(self.output_mode, im.size, None)
self.transform.apply(im.im.id, imOut.im.id)
imOut.info['icc_profile'] = self.output_profile.tobytes()
return imOut
def apply_in_place(self, im):
im.load()
if im.mode != self.output_mode:
raise ValueError("mode mismatch") # wrong output mode
self.transform.apply(im.im.id, im.im.id)
im.info['icc_profile'] = self.output_profile.tobytes()
return im
def get_display_profile(handle=None):
""" (experimental) Fetches the profile for the current display device.
:returns: None if the profile is not known.
"""
import sys
if sys.platform == "win32":
from PIL import ImageWin
if isinstance(handle, ImageWin.HDC):
profile = core.get_display_profile_win32(handle, 1)
else:
profile = core.get_display_profile_win32(handle or 0)
else:
try:
get = _imagingcms.get_display_profile
except AttributeError:
return None
else:
profile = get()
return ImageCmsProfile(profile)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
# pyCMS compatible layer
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
class PyCMSError(Exception):
""" (pyCMS) Exception class.
This is used for all errors in the pyCMS API. """
pass
def profileToProfile(
im, inputProfile, outputProfile, renderingIntent=INTENT_PERCEPTUAL,
outputMode=None, inPlace=0, flags=0):
"""
(pyCMS) Applies an ICC transformation to a given image, mapping from
inputProfile to outputProfile.
If the input or output profiles specified are not valid filenames, a
PyCMSError will be raised. If inPlace == TRUE and outputMode != im.mode,
a PyCMSError will be raised. If an error occurs during application of
the profiles, a PyCMSError will be raised. If outputMode is not a mode
supported by the outputProfile (or by pyCMS), a PyCMSError will be
raised.
This function applies an ICC transformation to im from inputProfile's
color space to outputProfile's color space using the specified rendering
intent to decide how to handle out-of-gamut colors.
OutputMode can be used to specify that a color mode conversion is to
be done using these profiles, but the specified profiles must be able
to handle that mode. I.e., if converting im from RGB to CMYK using
profiles, the input profile must handle RGB data, and the output
profile must handle CMYK data.
:param im: An open PIL image object (i.e. Image.new(...) or
Image.open(...), etc.)
:param inputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC input
profile you wish to use for this image, or a profile object
:param outputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC output
profile you wish to use for this image, or a profile object
:param renderingIntent: Integer (0-3) specifying the rendering intent you
wish to use for the transform
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:param outputMode: A valid PIL mode for the output image (i.e. "RGB",
"CMYK", etc.). Note: if rendering the image "inPlace", outputMode
MUST be the same mode as the input, or omitted completely. If
omitted, the outputMode will be the same as the mode of the input
image (im.mode)
:param inPlace: Boolean (1 = True, None or 0 = False). If True, the
original image is modified in-place, and None is returned. If False
(default), a new Image object is returned with the transform applied.
:param flags: Integer (0-...) specifying additional flags
:returns: Either None or a new PIL image object, depending on value of
inPlace
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
if outputMode is None:
outputMode = im.mode
if not isinstance(renderingIntent, int) or not (0 <= renderingIntent <= 3):
raise PyCMSError("renderingIntent must be an integer between 0 and 3")
if not isinstance(flags, int) or not (0 <= flags <= _MAX_FLAG):
raise PyCMSError(
"flags must be an integer between 0 and %s" + _MAX_FLAG)
try:
if not isinstance(inputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
inputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(inputProfile)
if not isinstance(outputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
outputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(outputProfile)
transform = ImageCmsTransform(
inputProfile, outputProfile, im.mode, outputMode,
renderingIntent, flags=flags
)
if inPlace:
transform.apply_in_place(im)
imOut = None
else:
imOut = transform.apply(im)
except (IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
return imOut
def getOpenProfile(profileFilename):
"""
(pyCMS) Opens an ICC profile file.
The PyCMSProfile object can be passed back into pyCMS for use in creating
transforms and such (as in ImageCms.buildTransformFromOpenProfiles()).
If profileFilename is not a vaild filename for an ICC profile, a PyCMSError
will be raised.
:param profileFilename: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC profile
you wish to open, or a file-like object.
:returns: A CmsProfile class object.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
return ImageCmsProfile(profileFilename)
except (IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def buildTransform(
inputProfile, outputProfile, inMode, outMode,
renderingIntent=INTENT_PERCEPTUAL, flags=0):
"""
(pyCMS) Builds an ICC transform mapping from the inputProfile to the
outputProfile. Use applyTransform to apply the transform to a given
image.
If the input or output profiles specified are not valid filenames, a
PyCMSError will be raised. If an error occurs during creation of the
transform, a PyCMSError will be raised.
If inMode or outMode are not a mode supported by the outputProfile (or
by pyCMS), a PyCMSError will be raised.
This function builds and returns an ICC transform from the inputProfile
to the outputProfile using the renderingIntent to determine what to do
with out-of-gamut colors. It will ONLY work for converting images that
are in inMode to images that are in outMode color format (PIL mode,
i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.).
Building the transform is a fair part of the overhead in
ImageCms.profileToProfile(), so if you're planning on converting multiple
images using the same input/output settings, this can save you time.
Once you have a transform object, it can be used with
ImageCms.applyProfile() to convert images without the need to re-compute
the lookup table for the transform.
The reason pyCMS returns a class object rather than a handle directly
to the transform is that it needs to keep track of the PIL input/output
modes that the transform is meant for. These attributes are stored in
the "inMode" and "outMode" attributes of the object (which can be
manually overridden if you really want to, but I don't know of any
time that would be of use, or would even work).
:param inputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC input
profile you wish to use for this transform, or a profile object
:param outputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC output
profile you wish to use for this transform, or a profile object
:param inMode: String, as a valid PIL mode that the appropriate profile
also supports (i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.)
:param outMode: String, as a valid PIL mode that the appropriate profile
also supports (i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.)
:param renderingIntent: Integer (0-3) specifying the rendering intent you
wish to use for the transform
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:param flags: Integer (0-...) specifying additional flags
:returns: A CmsTransform class object.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
if not isinstance(renderingIntent, int) or not (0 <= renderingIntent <= 3):
raise PyCMSError("renderingIntent must be an integer between 0 and 3")
if not isinstance(flags, int) or not (0 <= flags <= _MAX_FLAG):
raise PyCMSError(
"flags must be an integer between 0 and %s" + _MAX_FLAG)
try:
if not isinstance(inputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
inputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(inputProfile)
if not isinstance(outputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
outputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(outputProfile)
return ImageCmsTransform(
inputProfile, outputProfile, inMode, outMode,
renderingIntent, flags=flags)
except (IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def buildProofTransform(
inputProfile, outputProfile, proofProfile, inMode, outMode,
renderingIntent=INTENT_PERCEPTUAL,
proofRenderingIntent=INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC,
flags=FLAGS["SOFTPROOFING"]):
"""
(pyCMS) Builds an ICC transform mapping from the inputProfile to the
outputProfile, but tries to simulate the result that would be
obtained on the proofProfile device.
If the input, output, or proof profiles specified are not valid
filenames, a PyCMSError will be raised.
If an error occurs during creation of the transform, a PyCMSError will
be raised.
If inMode or outMode are not a mode supported by the outputProfile
(or by pyCMS), a PyCMSError will be raised.
This function builds and returns an ICC transform from the inputProfile
to the outputProfile, but tries to simulate the result that would be
obtained on the proofProfile device using renderingIntent and
proofRenderingIntent to determine what to do with out-of-gamut
colors. This is known as "soft-proofing". It will ONLY work for
converting images that are in inMode to images that are in outMode
color format (PIL mode, i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.).
Usage of the resulting transform object is exactly the same as with
ImageCms.buildTransform().
Proof profiling is generally used when using an output device to get a
good idea of what the final printed/displayed image would look like on
the proofProfile device when it's quicker and easier to use the
output device for judging color. Generally, this means that the
output device is a monitor, or a dye-sub printer (etc.), and the simulated
device is something more expensive, complicated, or time consuming
(making it difficult to make a real print for color judgement purposes).
Soft-proofing basically functions by adjusting the colors on the
output device to match the colors of the device being simulated. However,
when the simulated device has a much wider gamut than the output
device, you may obtain marginal results.
:param inputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC input
profile you wish to use for this transform, or a profile object
:param outputProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC output
(monitor, usually) profile you wish to use for this transform, or a
profile object
:param proofProfile: String, as a valid filename path to the ICC proof
profile you wish to use for this transform, or a profile object
:param inMode: String, as a valid PIL mode that the appropriate profile
also supports (i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.)
:param outMode: String, as a valid PIL mode that the appropriate profile
also supports (i.e. "RGB", "RGBA", "CMYK", etc.)
:param renderingIntent: Integer (0-3) specifying the rendering intent you
wish to use for the input->proof (simulated) transform
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:param proofRenderingIntent: Integer (0-3) specifying the rendering intent you
wish to use for proof->output transform
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:param flags: Integer (0-...) specifying additional flags
:returns: A CmsTransform class object.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
if not isinstance(renderingIntent, int) or not (0 <= renderingIntent <= 3):
raise PyCMSError("renderingIntent must be an integer between 0 and 3")
if not isinstance(flags, int) or not (0 <= flags <= _MAX_FLAG):
raise PyCMSError(
"flags must be an integer between 0 and %s" + _MAX_FLAG)
try:
if not isinstance(inputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
inputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(inputProfile)
if not isinstance(outputProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
outputProfile = ImageCmsProfile(outputProfile)
if not isinstance(proofProfile, ImageCmsProfile):
proofProfile = ImageCmsProfile(proofProfile)
return ImageCmsTransform(
inputProfile, outputProfile, inMode, outMode, renderingIntent,
proofProfile, proofRenderingIntent, flags)
except (IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
buildTransformFromOpenProfiles = buildTransform
buildProofTransformFromOpenProfiles = buildProofTransform
def applyTransform(im, transform, inPlace=0):
"""
(pyCMS) Applies a transform to a given image.
If im.mode != transform.inMode, a PyCMSError is raised.
If inPlace == TRUE and transform.inMode != transform.outMode, a
PyCMSError is raised.
If im.mode, transfer.inMode, or transfer.outMode is not supported by
pyCMSdll or the profiles you used for the transform, a PyCMSError is
raised.
If an error occurs while the transform is being applied, a PyCMSError
is raised.
This function applies a pre-calculated transform (from
ImageCms.buildTransform() or ImageCms.buildTransformFromOpenProfiles())
to an image. The transform can be used for multiple images, saving
considerable calcuation time if doing the same conversion multiple times.
If you want to modify im in-place instead of receiving a new image as
the return value, set inPlace to TRUE. This can only be done if
transform.inMode and transform.outMode are the same, because we can't
change the mode in-place (the buffer sizes for some modes are
different). The default behavior is to return a new Image object of
the same dimensions in mode transform.outMode.
:param im: A PIL Image object, and im.mode must be the same as the inMode
supported by the transform.
:param transform: A valid CmsTransform class object
:param inPlace: Bool (1 == True, 0 or None == False). If True, im is
modified in place and None is returned, if False, a new Image object
with the transform applied is returned (and im is not changed). The
default is False.
:returns: Either None, or a new PIL Image object, depending on the value of
inPlace. The profile will be returned in the image's info['icc_profile'].
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
if inPlace:
transform.apply_in_place(im)
imOut = None
else:
imOut = transform.apply(im)
except (TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
return imOut
def createProfile(colorSpace, colorTemp=-1):
"""
(pyCMS) Creates a profile.
If colorSpace not in ["LAB", "XYZ", "sRGB"], a PyCMSError is raised
If using LAB and colorTemp != a positive integer, a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while creating the profile, a PyCMSError is raised.
Use this function to create common profiles on-the-fly instead of
having to supply a profile on disk and knowing the path to it. It
returns a normal CmsProfile object that can be passed to
ImageCms.buildTransformFromOpenProfiles() to create a transform to apply
to images.
:param colorSpace: String, the color space of the profile you wish to
create.
Currently only "LAB", "XYZ", and "sRGB" are supported.
:param colorTemp: Positive integer for the white point for the profile, in
degrees Kelvin (i.e. 5000, 6500, 9600, etc.). The default is for D50
illuminant if omitted (5000k). colorTemp is ONLY applied to LAB
profiles, and is ignored for XYZ and sRGB.
:returns: A CmsProfile class object
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
if colorSpace not in ["LAB", "XYZ", "sRGB"]:
raise PyCMSError(
"Color space not supported for on-the-fly profile creation (%s)"
% colorSpace)
if colorSpace == "LAB":
try:
colorTemp = float(colorTemp)
except:
raise PyCMSError(
"Color temperature must be numeric, \"%s\" not valid"
% colorTemp)
try:
return core.createProfile(colorSpace, colorTemp)
except (TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileName(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the internal product name for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised If an error occurs while trying to obtain the
name tag, a PyCMSError is raised.
Use this function to obtain the INTERNAL name of the profile (stored
in an ICC tag in the profile itself), usually the one used when the
profile was originally created. Sometimes this tag also contains
additional information supplied by the creator.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal name of the profile as stored
in an ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
# do it in python, not c.
# // name was "%s - %s" (model, manufacturer) || Description ,
# // but if the Model and Manufacturer were the same or the model
# // was long, Just the model, in 1.x
model = profile.profile.product_model
manufacturer = profile.profile.product_manufacturer
if not (model or manufacturer):
return profile.profile.product_description + "\n"
if not manufacturer or len(model) > 30:
return model + "\n"
return "%s - %s\n" % (model, manufacturer)
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileInfo(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the internal product information for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the info tag, a PyCMSError
is raised
Use this function to obtain the information stored in the profile's
info tag. This often contains details about the profile, and how it
was created, as supplied by the creator.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal profile information stored in
an ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
# Python, not C. the white point bits weren't working well,
# so skipping.
# // info was description \r\n\r\n copyright \r\n\r\n K007 tag \r\n\r\n whitepoint
description = profile.profile.product_description
cpright = profile.profile.product_copyright
arr = []
for elt in (description, cpright):
if elt:
arr.append(elt)
return "\r\n\r\n".join(arr) + "\r\n\r\n"
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileCopyright(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the copyright for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the copyright tag, a PyCMSError
is raised
Use this function to obtain the information stored in the profile's
copyright tag.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal profile information stored in
an ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
return profile.profile.product_copyright + "\n"
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileManufacturer(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the manufacturer for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the manufacturer tag, a
PyCMSError is raised
Use this function to obtain the information stored in the profile's
manufacturer tag.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal profile information stored in
an ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
return profile.profile.product_manufacturer + "\n"
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileModel(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the model for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the model tag, a PyCMSError
is raised
Use this function to obtain the information stored in the profile's
model tag.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal profile information stored in
an ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
return profile.profile.product_model + "\n"
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getProfileDescription(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the description for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the description tag, a PyCMSError
is raised
Use this function to obtain the information stored in the profile's
description tag.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: A string containing the internal profile information stored in an
ICC tag.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
# add an extra newline to preserve pyCMS compatibility
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
return profile.profile.product_description + "\n"
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def getDefaultIntent(profile):
"""
(pyCMS) Gets the default intent name for the given profile.
If profile isn't a valid CmsProfile object or filename to a profile,
a PyCMSError is raised.
If an error occurs while trying to obtain the default intent, a
PyCMSError is raised.
Use this function to determine the default (and usually best optomized)
rendering intent for this profile. Most profiles support multiple
rendering intents, but are intended mostly for one type of conversion.
If you wish to use a different intent than returned, use
ImageCms.isIntentSupported() to verify it will work first.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:returns: Integer 0-3 specifying the default rendering intent for this
profile.
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
return profile.profile.rendering_intent
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def isIntentSupported(profile, intent, direction):
"""
(pyCMS) Checks if a given intent is supported.
Use this function to verify that you can use your desired
renderingIntent with profile, and that profile can be used for the
input/output/proof profile as you desire.
Some profiles are created specifically for one "direction", can cannot
be used for others. Some profiles can only be used for certain
rendering intents... so it's best to either verify this before trying
to create a transform with them (using this function), or catch the
potential PyCMSError that will occur if they don't support the modes
you select.
:param profile: EITHER a valid CmsProfile object, OR a string of the
filename of an ICC profile.
:param intent: Integer (0-3) specifying the rendering intent you wish to
use with this profile
INTENT_PERCEPTUAL = 0 (DEFAULT) (ImageCms.INTENT_PERCEPTUAL)
INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC = 1 (ImageCms.INTENT_RELATIVE_COLORIMETRIC)
INTENT_SATURATION = 2 (ImageCms.INTENT_SATURATION)
INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC = 3 (ImageCms.INTENT_ABSOLUTE_COLORIMETRIC)
see the pyCMS documentation for details on rendering intents and what
they do.
:param direction: Integer specifing if the profile is to be used for input,
output, or proof
INPUT = 0 (or use ImageCms.DIRECTION_INPUT)
OUTPUT = 1 (or use ImageCms.DIRECTION_OUTPUT)
PROOF = 2 (or use ImageCms.DIRECTION_PROOF)
:returns: 1 if the intent/direction are supported, -1 if they are not.
:exception PyCMSError:
"""
try:
if not isinstance(profile, ImageCmsProfile):
profile = ImageCmsProfile(profile)
# FIXME: I get different results for the same data w. different
# compilers. Bug in LittleCMS or in the binding?
if profile.profile.is_intent_supported(intent, direction):
return 1
else:
return -1
except (AttributeError, IOError, TypeError, ValueError) as v:
raise PyCMSError(v)
def versions():
"""
(pyCMS) Fetches versions.
"""
import sys
return (
VERSION, core.littlecms_version,
sys.version.split()[0], Image.VERSION
)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":
# create a cheap manual from the __doc__ strings for the functions above
from PIL import ImageCms
print(__doc__)
for f in dir(ImageCms):
doc = None
try:
exec("doc = %s.__doc__" % (f))
if "pyCMS" in doc:
# so we don't get the __doc__ string for imported modules
print("=" * 80)
print("%s" % f)
print(doc)
except (AttributeError, TypeError):
pass
# End of file

View File

@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# map CSS3-style colour description strings to RGB
#
# History:
# 2002-10-24 fl Added support for CSS-style color strings
# 2002-12-15 fl Added RGBA support
# 2004-03-27 fl Fixed remaining int() problems for Python 1.5.2
# 2004-07-19 fl Fixed gray/grey spelling issues
# 2009-03-05 fl Fixed rounding error in grayscale calculation
#
# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
import re
def getrgb(color):
"""
Convert a color string to an RGB tuple. If the string cannot be parsed,
this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError` exception.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.4
:param color: A color string
:return: ``(red, green, blue[, alpha])``
"""
try:
rgb = colormap[color]
except KeyError:
try:
# fall back on case-insensitive lookup
rgb = colormap[color.lower()]
except KeyError:
rgb = None
# found color in cache
if rgb:
if isinstance(rgb, tuple):
return rgb
colormap[color] = rgb = getrgb(rgb)
return rgb
# check for known string formats
m = re.match("#\w\w\w$", color)
if m:
return (
int(color[1]*2, 16),
int(color[2]*2, 16),
int(color[3]*2, 16)
)
m = re.match("#\w\w\w\w\w\w$", color)
if m:
return (
int(color[1:3], 16),
int(color[3:5], 16),
int(color[5:7], 16)
)
m = re.match("rgb\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$", color)
if m:
return (
int(m.group(1)),
int(m.group(2)),
int(m.group(3))
)
m = re.match("rgb\(\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*\)$", color)
if m:
return (
int((int(m.group(1)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
int((int(m.group(2)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5),
int((int(m.group(3)) * 255) / 100.0 + 0.5)
)
m = re.match("hsl\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*,\s*(\d+)%\s*\)$", color)
if m:
from colorsys import hls_to_rgb
rgb = hls_to_rgb(
float(m.group(1)) / 360.0,
float(m.group(3)) / 100.0,
float(m.group(2)) / 100.0,
)
return (
int(rgb[0] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb[1] * 255 + 0.5),
int(rgb[2] * 255 + 0.5)
)
m = re.match("rgba\(\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*,\s*(\d+)\s*\)$",
color)
if m:
return (
int(m.group(1)),
int(m.group(2)),
int(m.group(3)),
int(m.group(4))
)
raise ValueError("unknown color specifier: %r" % color)
def getcolor(color, mode):
"""
Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageColor.getrgb`, but converts the RGB value to a
greyscale value if the mode is not color or a palette image. If the string
cannot be parsed, this function raises a :py:exc:`ValueError` exception.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.4
:param color: A color string
:return: ``(graylevel [, alpha]) or (red, green, blue[, alpha])``
"""
# same as getrgb, but converts the result to the given mode
color, alpha = getrgb(color), 255
if len(color) == 4:
color, alpha = color[0:3], color[3]
if Image.getmodebase(mode) == "L":
r, g, b = color
color = (r*299 + g*587 + b*114)//1000
if mode[-1] == 'A':
return (color, alpha)
else:
if mode[-1] == 'A':
return color + (alpha,)
return color
colormap = {
# X11 colour table (from "CSS3 module: Color working draft"), with
# gray/grey spelling issues fixed. This is a superset of HTML 4.0
# colour names used in CSS 1.
"aliceblue": "#f0f8ff",
"antiquewhite": "#faebd7",
"aqua": "#00ffff",
"aquamarine": "#7fffd4",
"azure": "#f0ffff",
"beige": "#f5f5dc",
"bisque": "#ffe4c4",
"black": "#000000",
"blanchedalmond": "#ffebcd",
"blue": "#0000ff",
"blueviolet": "#8a2be2",
"brown": "#a52a2a",
"burlywood": "#deb887",
"cadetblue": "#5f9ea0",
"chartreuse": "#7fff00",
"chocolate": "#d2691e",
"coral": "#ff7f50",
"cornflowerblue": "#6495ed",
"cornsilk": "#fff8dc",
"crimson": "#dc143c",
"cyan": "#00ffff",
"darkblue": "#00008b",
"darkcyan": "#008b8b",
"darkgoldenrod": "#b8860b",
"darkgray": "#a9a9a9",
"darkgrey": "#a9a9a9",
"darkgreen": "#006400",
"darkkhaki": "#bdb76b",
"darkmagenta": "#8b008b",
"darkolivegreen": "#556b2f",
"darkorange": "#ff8c00",
"darkorchid": "#9932cc",
"darkred": "#8b0000",
"darksalmon": "#e9967a",
"darkseagreen": "#8fbc8f",
"darkslateblue": "#483d8b",
"darkslategray": "#2f4f4f",
"darkslategrey": "#2f4f4f",
"darkturquoise": "#00ced1",
"darkviolet": "#9400d3",
"deeppink": "#ff1493",
"deepskyblue": "#00bfff",
"dimgray": "#696969",
"dimgrey": "#696969",
"dodgerblue": "#1e90ff",
"firebrick": "#b22222",
"floralwhite": "#fffaf0",
"forestgreen": "#228b22",
"fuchsia": "#ff00ff",
"gainsboro": "#dcdcdc",
"ghostwhite": "#f8f8ff",
"gold": "#ffd700",
"goldenrod": "#daa520",
"gray": "#808080",
"grey": "#808080",
"green": "#008000",
"greenyellow": "#adff2f",
"honeydew": "#f0fff0",
"hotpink": "#ff69b4",
"indianred": "#cd5c5c",
"indigo": "#4b0082",
"ivory": "#fffff0",
"khaki": "#f0e68c",
"lavender": "#e6e6fa",
"lavenderblush": "#fff0f5",
"lawngreen": "#7cfc00",
"lemonchiffon": "#fffacd",
"lightblue": "#add8e6",
"lightcoral": "#f08080",
"lightcyan": "#e0ffff",
"lightgoldenrodyellow": "#fafad2",
"lightgreen": "#90ee90",
"lightgray": "#d3d3d3",
"lightgrey": "#d3d3d3",
"lightpink": "#ffb6c1",
"lightsalmon": "#ffa07a",
"lightseagreen": "#20b2aa",
"lightskyblue": "#87cefa",
"lightslategray": "#778899",
"lightslategrey": "#778899",
"lightsteelblue": "#b0c4de",
"lightyellow": "#ffffe0",
"lime": "#00ff00",
"limegreen": "#32cd32",
"linen": "#faf0e6",
"magenta": "#ff00ff",
"maroon": "#800000",
"mediumaquamarine": "#66cdaa",
"mediumblue": "#0000cd",
"mediumorchid": "#ba55d3",
"mediumpurple": "#9370db",
"mediumseagreen": "#3cb371",
"mediumslateblue": "#7b68ee",
"mediumspringgreen": "#00fa9a",
"mediumturquoise": "#48d1cc",
"mediumvioletred": "#c71585",
"midnightblue": "#191970",
"mintcream": "#f5fffa",
"mistyrose": "#ffe4e1",
"moccasin": "#ffe4b5",
"navajowhite": "#ffdead",
"navy": "#000080",
"oldlace": "#fdf5e6",
"olive": "#808000",
"olivedrab": "#6b8e23",
"orange": "#ffa500",
"orangered": "#ff4500",
"orchid": "#da70d6",
"palegoldenrod": "#eee8aa",
"palegreen": "#98fb98",
"paleturquoise": "#afeeee",
"palevioletred": "#db7093",
"papayawhip": "#ffefd5",
"peachpuff": "#ffdab9",
"peru": "#cd853f",
"pink": "#ffc0cb",
"plum": "#dda0dd",
"powderblue": "#b0e0e6",
"purple": "#800080",
"red": "#ff0000",
"rosybrown": "#bc8f8f",
"royalblue": "#4169e1",
"saddlebrown": "#8b4513",
"salmon": "#fa8072",
"sandybrown": "#f4a460",
"seagreen": "#2e8b57",
"seashell": "#fff5ee",
"sienna": "#a0522d",
"silver": "#c0c0c0",
"skyblue": "#87ceeb",
"slateblue": "#6a5acd",
"slategray": "#708090",
"slategrey": "#708090",
"snow": "#fffafa",
"springgreen": "#00ff7f",
"steelblue": "#4682b4",
"tan": "#d2b48c",
"teal": "#008080",
"thistle": "#d8bfd8",
"tomato": "#ff6347",
"turquoise": "#40e0d0",
"violet": "#ee82ee",
"wheat": "#f5deb3",
"white": "#ffffff",
"whitesmoke": "#f5f5f5",
"yellow": "#ffff00",
"yellowgreen": "#9acd32",
}

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# drawing interface operations
#
# History:
# 1996-04-13 fl Created (experimental)
# 1996-08-07 fl Filled polygons, ellipses.
# 1996-08-13 fl Added text support
# 1998-06-28 fl Handle I and F images
# 1998-12-29 fl Added arc; use arc primitive to draw ellipses
# 1999-01-10 fl Added shape stuff (experimental)
# 1999-02-06 fl Added bitmap support
# 1999-02-11 fl Changed all primitives to take options
# 1999-02-20 fl Fixed backwards compatibility
# 2000-10-12 fl Copy on write, when necessary
# 2001-02-18 fl Use default ink for bitmap/text also in fill mode
# 2002-10-24 fl Added support for CSS-style color strings
# 2002-12-10 fl Added experimental support for RGBA-on-RGB drawing
# 2002-12-11 fl Refactored low-level drawing API (work in progress)
# 2004-08-26 fl Made Draw() a factory function, added getdraw() support
# 2004-09-04 fl Added width support to line primitive
# 2004-09-10 fl Added font mode handling
# 2006-06-19 fl Added font bearing support (getmask2)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-2006 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import numbers
from PIL import Image, ImageColor
from PIL._util import isStringType
try:
import warnings
except ImportError:
warnings = None
##
# A simple 2D drawing interface for PIL images.
# <p>
# Application code should use the <b>Draw</b> factory, instead of
# directly.
class ImageDraw:
##
# Create a drawing instance.
#
# @param im The image to draw in.
# @param mode Optional mode to use for color values. For RGB
# images, this argument can be RGB or RGBA (to blend the
# drawing into the image). For all other modes, this argument
# must be the same as the image mode. If omitted, the mode
# defaults to the mode of the image.
def __init__(self, im, mode=None):
im.load()
if im.readonly:
im._copy() # make it writeable
blend = 0
if mode is None:
mode = im.mode
if mode != im.mode:
if mode == "RGBA" and im.mode == "RGB":
blend = 1
else:
raise ValueError("mode mismatch")
if mode == "P":
self.palette = im.palette
else:
self.palette = None
self.im = im.im
self.draw = Image.core.draw(self.im, blend)
self.mode = mode
if mode in ("I", "F"):
self.ink = self.draw.draw_ink(1, mode)
else:
self.ink = self.draw.draw_ink(-1, mode)
if mode in ("1", "P", "I", "F"):
# FIXME: fix Fill2 to properly support matte for I+F images
self.fontmode = "1"
else:
self.fontmode = "L" # aliasing is okay for other modes
self.fill = 0
self.font = None
##
# Set the default pen color.
def setink(self, ink):
# compatibility
if warnings:
warnings.warn(
"'setink' is deprecated; use keyword arguments instead",
DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
)
if isStringType(ink):
ink = ImageColor.getcolor(ink, self.mode)
if self.palette and not isinstance(ink, numbers.Number):
ink = self.palette.getcolor(ink)
self.ink = self.draw.draw_ink(ink, self.mode)
##
# Set the default background color.
def setfill(self, onoff):
# compatibility
if warnings:
warnings.warn(
"'setfill' is deprecated; use keyword arguments instead",
DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
)
self.fill = onoff
##
# Set the default font.
def setfont(self, font):
# compatibility
self.font = font
##
# Get the current default font.
def getfont(self):
if not self.font:
# FIXME: should add a font repository
from PIL import ImageFont
self.font = ImageFont.load_default()
return self.font
def _getink(self, ink, fill=None):
if ink is None and fill is None:
if self.fill:
fill = self.ink
else:
ink = self.ink
else:
if ink is not None:
if isStringType(ink):
ink = ImageColor.getcolor(ink, self.mode)
if self.palette and not isinstance(ink, numbers.Number):
ink = self.palette.getcolor(ink)
ink = self.draw.draw_ink(ink, self.mode)
if fill is not None:
if isStringType(fill):
fill = ImageColor.getcolor(fill, self.mode)
if self.palette and not isinstance(fill, numbers.Number):
fill = self.palette.getcolor(fill)
fill = self.draw.draw_ink(fill, self.mode)
return ink, fill
##
# Draw an arc.
def arc(self, xy, start, end, fill=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(fill)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_arc(xy, start, end, ink)
##
# Draw a bitmap.
def bitmap(self, xy, bitmap, fill=None):
bitmap.load()
ink, fill = self._getink(fill)
if ink is None:
ink = fill
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_bitmap(xy, bitmap.im, ink)
##
# Draw a chord.
def chord(self, xy, start, end, fill=None, outline=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_chord(xy, start, end, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_chord(xy, start, end, ink, 0)
##
# Draw an ellipse.
def ellipse(self, xy, fill=None, outline=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_ellipse(xy, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_ellipse(xy, ink, 0)
##
# Draw a line, or a connected sequence of line segments.
def line(self, xy, fill=None, width=0):
ink, fill = self._getink(fill)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_lines(xy, ink, width)
##
# (Experimental) Draw a shape.
def shape(self, shape, fill=None, outline=None):
# experimental
shape.close()
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_outline(shape, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_outline(shape, ink, 0)
##
# Draw a pieslice.
def pieslice(self, xy, start, end, fill=None, outline=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_pieslice(xy, start, end, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_pieslice(xy, start, end, ink, 0)
##
# Draw one or more individual pixels.
def point(self, xy, fill=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(fill)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_points(xy, ink)
##
# Draw a polygon.
def polygon(self, xy, fill=None, outline=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_polygon(xy, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_polygon(xy, ink, 0)
##
# Draw a rectangle.
def rectangle(self, xy, fill=None, outline=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(outline, fill)
if fill is not None:
self.draw.draw_rectangle(xy, fill, 1)
if ink is not None:
self.draw.draw_rectangle(xy, ink, 0)
##
# Draw text.
def text(self, xy, text, fill=None, font=None, anchor=None):
ink, fill = self._getink(fill)
if font is None:
font = self.getfont()
if ink is None:
ink = fill
if ink is not None:
try:
mask, offset = font.getmask2(text, self.fontmode)
xy = xy[0] + offset[0], xy[1] + offset[1]
except AttributeError:
try:
mask = font.getmask(text, self.fontmode)
except TypeError:
mask = font.getmask(text)
self.draw.draw_bitmap(xy, mask, ink)
##
# Get the size of a given string, in pixels.
def textsize(self, text, font=None):
if font is None:
font = self.getfont()
return font.getsize(text)
##
# A simple 2D drawing interface for PIL images.
#
# @param im The image to draw in.
# @param mode Optional mode to use for color values. For RGB
# images, this argument can be RGB or RGBA (to blend the
# drawing into the image). For all other modes, this argument
# must be the same as the image mode. If omitted, the mode
# defaults to the mode of the image.
def Draw(im, mode=None):
try:
return im.getdraw(mode)
except AttributeError:
return ImageDraw(im, mode)
# experimental access to the outline API
try:
Outline = Image.core.outline
except:
Outline = None
##
# (Experimental) A more advanced 2D drawing interface for PIL images,
# based on the WCK interface.
#
# @param im The image to draw in.
# @param hints An optional list of hints.
# @return A (drawing context, drawing resource factory) tuple.
def getdraw(im=None, hints=None):
# FIXME: this needs more work!
# FIXME: come up with a better 'hints' scheme.
handler = None
if not hints or "nicest" in hints:
try:
from PIL import _imagingagg as handler
except ImportError:
pass
if handler is None:
from PIL import ImageDraw2 as handler
if im:
im = handler.Draw(im)
return im, handler
##
# (experimental) Fills a bounded region with a given color.
#
# @param image Target image.
# @param xy Seed position (a 2-item coordinate tuple).
# @param value Fill color.
# @param border Optional border value. If given, the region consists of
# pixels with a color different from the border color. If not given,
# the region consists of pixels having the same color as the seed
# pixel.
def floodfill(image, xy, value, border=None):
"Fill bounded region."
# based on an implementation by Eric S. Raymond
pixel = image.load()
x, y = xy
try:
background = pixel[x, y]
if background == value:
return # seed point already has fill color
pixel[x, y] = value
except IndexError:
return # seed point outside image
edge = [(x, y)]
if border is None:
while edge:
newedge = []
for (x, y) in edge:
for (s, t) in ((x+1, y), (x-1, y), (x, y+1), (x, y-1)):
try:
p = pixel[s, t]
except IndexError:
pass
else:
if p == background:
pixel[s, t] = value
newedge.append((s, t))
edge = newedge
else:
while edge:
newedge = []
for (x, y) in edge:
for (s, t) in ((x+1, y), (x-1, y), (x, y+1), (x, y-1)):
try:
p = pixel[s, t]
except IndexError:
pass
else:
if p != value and p != border:
pixel[s, t] = value
newedge.append((s, t))
edge = newedge

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# WCK-style drawing interface operations
#
# History:
# 2003-12-07 fl created
# 2005-05-15 fl updated; added to PIL as ImageDraw2
# 2005-05-15 fl added text support
# 2005-05-20 fl added arc/chord/pieslice support
#
# Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2003-2005 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageColor, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImagePath
class Pen:
def __init__(self, color, width=1, opacity=255):
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
self.width = width
class Brush:
def __init__(self, color, opacity=255):
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
class Font:
def __init__(self, color, file, size=12):
# FIXME: add support for bitmap fonts
self.color = ImageColor.getrgb(color)
self.font = ImageFont.truetype(file, size)
class Draw:
def __init__(self, image, size=None, color=None):
if not hasattr(image, "im"):
image = Image.new(image, size, color)
self.draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
self.image = image
self.transform = None
def flush(self):
return self.image
def render(self, op, xy, pen, brush=None):
# handle color arguments
outline = fill = None
width = 1
if isinstance(pen, Pen):
outline = pen.color
width = pen.width
elif isinstance(brush, Pen):
outline = brush.color
width = brush.width
if isinstance(brush, Brush):
fill = brush.color
elif isinstance(pen, Brush):
fill = pen.color
# handle transformation
if self.transform:
xy = ImagePath.Path(xy)
xy.transform(self.transform)
# render the item
if op == "line":
self.draw.line(xy, fill=outline, width=width)
else:
getattr(self.draw, op)(xy, fill=fill, outline=outline)
def settransform(self, offset):
(xoffset, yoffset) = offset
self.transform = (1, 0, xoffset, 0, 1, yoffset)
def arc(self, xy, start, end, *options):
self.render("arc", xy, start, end, *options)
def chord(self, xy, start, end, *options):
self.render("chord", xy, start, end, *options)
def ellipse(self, xy, *options):
self.render("ellipse", xy, *options)
def line(self, xy, *options):
self.render("line", xy, *options)
def pieslice(self, xy, start, end, *options):
self.render("pieslice", xy, start, end, *options)
def polygon(self, xy, *options):
self.render("polygon", xy, *options)
def rectangle(self, xy, *options):
self.render("rectangle", xy, *options)
def symbol(self, xy, symbol, *options):
raise NotImplementedError("not in this version")
def text(self, xy, text, font):
if self.transform:
xy = ImagePath.Path(xy)
xy.transform(self.transform)
self.draw.text(xy, text, font=font.font, fill=font.color)
def textsize(self, text, font):
return self.draw.textsize(text, font=font.font)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# image enhancement classes
#
# For a background, see "Image Processing By Interpolation and
# Extrapolation", Paul Haeberli and Douglas Voorhies. Available
# at http://www.graficaobscura.com/interp/index.html
#
# History:
# 1996-03-23 fl Created
# 2009-06-16 fl Fixed mean calculation
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter, ImageStat
class _Enhance:
def enhance(self, factor):
"""
Returns an enhanced image.
:param factor: A floating point value controlling the enhancement.
Factor 1.0 always returns a copy of the original image,
lower factors mean less color (brightness, contrast,
etc), and higher values more. There are no restrictions
on this value.
:rtype: :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image`
"""
return Image.blend(self.degenerate, self.image, factor)
class Color(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image color balance.
This class can be used to adjust the colour balance of an image, in
a manner similar to the controls on a colour TV set. An enhancement
factor of 0.0 gives a black and white image. A factor of 1.0 gives
the original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image):
self.image = image
self.intermediate_mode = 'L'
if 'A' in image.getbands():
self.intermediate_mode = 'LA'
self.degenerate = image.convert(self.intermediate_mode).convert(image.mode)
class Contrast(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image contrast.
This class can be used to control the contrast of an image, similar
to the contrast control on a TV set. An enhancement factor of 0.0
gives a solid grey image. A factor of 1.0 gives the original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image):
self.image = image
mean = int(ImageStat.Stat(image.convert("L")).mean[0] + 0.5)
self.degenerate = Image.new("L", image.size, mean).convert(image.mode)
if 'A' in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.split()[-1])
class Brightness(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image brightness.
This class can be used to control the brighntess of an image. An
enhancement factor of 0.0 gives a black image. A factor of 1.0 gives the
original image.
"""
def __init__(self, image):
self.image = image
self.degenerate = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, 0)
if 'A' in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.split()[-1])
class Sharpness(_Enhance):
"""Adjust image sharpness.
This class can be used to adjust the sharpness of an image. An
enhancement factor of 0.0 gives a blurred image, a factor of 1.0 gives the
original image, and a factor of 2.0 gives a sharpened image.
"""
def __init__(self, image):
self.image = image
self.degenerate = image.filter(ImageFilter.SMOOTH)
if 'A' in image.getbands():
self.degenerate.putalpha(image.split()[-1])

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@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# base class for image file handlers
#
# history:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1996-03-11 fl Fixed load mechanism.
# 1996-04-15 fl Added pcx/xbm decoders.
# 1996-04-30 fl Added encoders.
# 1996-12-14 fl Added load helpers
# 1997-01-11 fl Use encode_to_file where possible
# 1997-08-27 fl Flush output in _save
# 1998-03-05 fl Use memory mapping for some modes
# 1999-02-04 fl Use memory mapping also for "I;16" and "I;16B"
# 1999-05-31 fl Added image parser
# 2000-10-12 fl Set readonly flag on memory-mapped images
# 2002-03-20 fl Use better messages for common decoder errors
# 2003-04-21 fl Fall back on mmap/map_buffer if map is not available
# 2003-10-30 fl Added StubImageFile class
# 2004-02-25 fl Made incremental parser more robust
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL._util import isPath
import io
import os
import sys
import traceback
MAXBLOCK = 65536
SAFEBLOCK = 1024*1024
LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = False
ERRORS = {
-1: "image buffer overrun error",
-2: "decoding error",
-3: "unknown error",
-8: "bad configuration",
-9: "out of memory error"
}
def raise_ioerror(error):
try:
message = Image.core.getcodecstatus(error)
except AttributeError:
message = ERRORS.get(error)
if not message:
message = "decoder error %d" % error
raise IOError(message + " when reading image file")
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helpers
def _tilesort(t):
# sort on offset
return t[2]
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# ImageFile base class
class ImageFile(Image.Image):
"Base class for image file format handlers."
def __init__(self, fp=None, filename=None):
Image.Image.__init__(self)
self.tile = None
self.readonly = 1 # until we know better
self.decoderconfig = ()
self.decodermaxblock = MAXBLOCK
if isPath(fp):
# filename
self.fp = open(fp, "rb")
self.filename = fp
else:
# stream
self.fp = fp
self.filename = filename
try:
self._open()
except IndexError as v: # end of data
if Image.DEBUG > 1:
traceback.print_exc()
raise SyntaxError(v)
except TypeError as v: # end of data (ord)
if Image.DEBUG > 1:
traceback.print_exc()
raise SyntaxError(v)
except KeyError as v: # unsupported mode
if Image.DEBUG > 1:
traceback.print_exc()
raise SyntaxError(v)
except EOFError as v: # got header but not the first frame
if Image.DEBUG > 1:
traceback.print_exc()
raise SyntaxError(v)
if not self.mode or self.size[0] <= 0:
raise SyntaxError("not identified by this driver")
def draft(self, mode, size):
"Set draft mode"
pass
def verify(self):
"Check file integrity"
# raise exception if something's wrong. must be called
# directly after open, and closes file when finished.
self.fp = None
def load(self):
"Load image data based on tile list"
pixel = Image.Image.load(self)
if self.tile is None:
raise IOError("cannot load this image")
if not self.tile:
return pixel
self.map = None
use_mmap = self.filename and len(self.tile) == 1
# As of pypy 2.1.0, memory mapping was failing here.
use_mmap = use_mmap and not hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info')
readonly = 0
# look for read/seek overrides
try:
read = self.load_read
# don't use mmap if there are custom read/seek functions
use_mmap = False
except AttributeError:
read = self.fp.read
try:
seek = self.load_seek
use_mmap = False
except AttributeError:
seek = self.fp.seek
if use_mmap:
# try memory mapping
d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
if d == "raw" and a[0] == self.mode and a[0] in Image._MAPMODES:
try:
if hasattr(Image.core, "map"):
# use built-in mapper
self.map = Image.core.map(self.filename)
self.map.seek(o)
self.im = self.map.readimage(
self.mode, self.size, a[1], a[2]
)
else:
# use mmap, if possible
import mmap
file = open(self.filename, "r+")
size = os.path.getsize(self.filename)
# FIXME: on Unix, use PROT_READ etc
self.map = mmap.mmap(file.fileno(), size)
self.im = Image.core.map_buffer(
self.map, self.size, d, e, o, a
)
readonly = 1
except (AttributeError, EnvironmentError, ImportError):
self.map = None
self.load_prepare()
if not self.map:
# sort tiles in file order
self.tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
try:
# FIXME: This is a hack to handle TIFF's JpegTables tag.
prefix = self.tile_prefix
except AttributeError:
prefix = b""
for d, e, o, a in self.tile:
d = Image._getdecoder(self.mode, d, a, self.decoderconfig)
seek(o)
try:
d.setimage(self.im, e)
except ValueError:
continue
b = prefix
t = len(b)
while True:
try:
s = read(self.decodermaxblock)
except IndexError as ie: # truncated png/gif
if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
break
else:
raise IndexError(ie)
if not s and not d.handles_eof: # truncated jpeg
self.tile = []
# JpegDecode needs to clean things up here either way
# If we don't destroy the decompressor,
# we have a memory leak.
d.cleanup()
if LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES:
break
else:
raise IOError("image file is truncated "
"(%d bytes not processed)" % len(b))
b = b + s
n, e = d.decode(b)
if n < 0:
break
b = b[n:]
t = t + n
# Need to cleanup here to prevent leaks in PyPy
d.cleanup()
self.tile = []
self.readonly = readonly
self.fp = None # might be shared
if not self.map and (not LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES or t == 0) and e < 0:
# still raised if decoder fails to return anything
raise_ioerror(e)
# post processing
if hasattr(self, "tile_post_rotate"):
# FIXME: This is a hack to handle rotated PCD's
self.im = self.im.rotate(self.tile_post_rotate)
self.size = self.im.size
self.load_end()
return Image.Image.load(self)
def load_prepare(self):
# create image memory if necessary
if not self.im or\
self.im.mode != self.mode or self.im.size != self.size:
self.im = Image.core.new(self.mode, self.size)
# create palette (optional)
if self.mode == "P":
Image.Image.load(self)
def load_end(self):
# may be overridden
pass
# may be defined for contained formats
# def load_seek(self, pos):
# pass
# may be defined for blocked formats (e.g. PNG)
# def load_read(self, bytes):
# pass
class StubImageFile(ImageFile):
"""
Base class for stub image loaders.
A stub loader is an image loader that can identify files of a
certain format, but relies on external code to load the file.
"""
def _open(self):
raise NotImplementedError(
"StubImageFile subclass must implement _open"
)
def load(self):
loader = self._load()
if loader is None:
raise IOError("cannot find loader for this %s file" % self.format)
image = loader.load(self)
assert image is not None
# become the other object (!)
self.__class__ = image.__class__
self.__dict__ = image.__dict__
def _load(self):
"(Hook) Find actual image loader."
raise NotImplementedError(
"StubImageFile subclass must implement _load"
)
class Parser:
"""
Incremental image parser. This class implements the standard
feed/close consumer interface.
In Python 2.x, this is an old-style class.
"""
incremental = None
image = None
data = None
decoder = None
finished = 0
def reset(self):
"""
(Consumer) Reset the parser. Note that you can only call this
method immediately after you've created a parser; parser
instances cannot be reused.
"""
assert self.data is None, "cannot reuse parsers"
def feed(self, data):
"""
(Consumer) Feed data to the parser.
:param data: A string buffer.
:exception IOError: If the parser failed to parse the image file.
"""
# collect data
if self.finished:
return
if self.data is None:
self.data = data
else:
self.data = self.data + data
# parse what we have
if self.decoder:
if self.offset > 0:
# skip header
skip = min(len(self.data), self.offset)
self.data = self.data[skip:]
self.offset = self.offset - skip
if self.offset > 0 or not self.data:
return
n, e = self.decoder.decode(self.data)
if n < 0:
# end of stream
self.data = None
self.finished = 1
if e < 0:
# decoding error
self.image = None
raise_ioerror(e)
else:
# end of image
return
self.data = self.data[n:]
elif self.image:
# if we end up here with no decoder, this file cannot
# be incrementally parsed. wait until we've gotten all
# available data
pass
else:
# attempt to open this file
try:
try:
fp = io.BytesIO(self.data)
im = Image.open(fp)
finally:
fp.close() # explicitly close the virtual file
except IOError:
# traceback.print_exc()
pass # not enough data
else:
flag = hasattr(im, "load_seek") or hasattr(im, "load_read")
if flag or len(im.tile) != 1:
# custom load code, or multiple tiles
self.decode = None
else:
# initialize decoder
im.load_prepare()
d, e, o, a = im.tile[0]
im.tile = []
self.decoder = Image._getdecoder(
im.mode, d, a, im.decoderconfig
)
self.decoder.setimage(im.im, e)
# calculate decoder offset
self.offset = o
if self.offset <= len(self.data):
self.data = self.data[self.offset:]
self.offset = 0
self.image = im
def close(self):
"""
(Consumer) Close the stream.
:returns: An image object.
:exception IOError: If the parser failed to parse the image file either
because it cannot be identified or cannot be
decoded.
"""
# finish decoding
if self.decoder:
# get rid of what's left in the buffers
self.feed(b"")
self.data = self.decoder = None
if not self.finished:
raise IOError("image was incomplete")
if not self.image:
raise IOError("cannot parse this image")
if self.data:
# incremental parsing not possible; reopen the file
# not that we have all data
try:
fp = io.BytesIO(self.data)
self.image = Image.open(fp)
finally:
self.image.load()
fp.close() # explicitly close the virtual file
return self.image
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _save(im, fp, tile, bufsize=0):
"""Helper to save image based on tile list
:param im: Image object.
:param fp: File object.
:param tile: Tile list.
:param bufsize: Optional buffer size
"""
im.load()
if not hasattr(im, "encoderconfig"):
im.encoderconfig = ()
tile.sort(key=_tilesort)
# FIXME: make MAXBLOCK a configuration parameter
# It would be great if we could have the encoder specify what it needs
# But, it would need at least the image size in most cases. RawEncode is
# a tricky case.
bufsize = max(MAXBLOCK, bufsize, im.size[0] * 4) # see RawEncode.c
try:
fh = fp.fileno()
fp.flush()
except (AttributeError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
# compress to Python file-compatible object
for e, b, o, a in tile:
e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, e, a, im.encoderconfig)
if o > 0:
fp.seek(o, 0)
e.setimage(im.im, b)
while True:
l, s, d = e.encode(bufsize)
fp.write(d)
if s:
break
if s < 0:
raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s)
e.cleanup()
else:
# slight speedup: compress to real file object
for e, b, o, a in tile:
e = Image._getencoder(im.mode, e, a, im.encoderconfig)
if o > 0:
fp.seek(o, 0)
e.setimage(im.im, b)
s = e.encode_to_file(fh, bufsize)
if s < 0:
raise IOError("encoder error %d when writing image file" % s)
e.cleanup()
try:
fp.flush()
except:
pass
def _safe_read(fp, size):
"""
Reads large blocks in a safe way. Unlike fp.read(n), this function
doesn't trust the user. If the requested size is larger than
SAFEBLOCK, the file is read block by block.
:param fp: File handle. Must implement a <b>read</b> method.
:param size: Number of bytes to read.
:returns: A string containing up to <i>size</i> bytes of data.
"""
if size <= 0:
return b""
if size <= SAFEBLOCK:
return fp.read(size)
data = []
while size > 0:
block = fp.read(min(size, SAFEBLOCK))
if not block:
break
data.append(block)
size -= len(block)
return b"".join(data)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# kludge to get basic ImageFileIO functionality
#
# History:
# 1998-08-06 fl Recreated
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1998-2002.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
"""
The **ImageFileIO** module can be used to read an image from a
socket, or any other stream device.
Deprecated. New code should use the :class:`PIL.ImageFile.Parser`
class in the :mod:`PIL.ImageFile` module instead.
.. seealso:: modules :class:`PIL.ImageFile.Parser`
"""
from io import BytesIO
class ImageFileIO(BytesIO):
def __init__(self, fp):
"""
Adds buffering to a stream file object, in order to
provide **seek** and **tell** methods required
by the :func:`PIL.Image.Image.open` method. The stream object must
implement **read** and **close** methods.
:param fp: Stream file handle.
.. seealso:: modules :func:`PIL.Image.open`
"""
data = fp.read()
BytesIO.__init__(self, data)

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@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard filters
#
# History:
# 1995-11-27 fl Created
# 2002-06-08 fl Added rank and mode filters
# 2003-09-15 fl Fixed rank calculation in rank filter; added expand call
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2002 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from functools import reduce
class Filter(object):
pass
class Kernel(Filter):
"""
Create a convolution kernel. The current version only
supports 3x3 and 5x5 integer and floating point kernels.
In the current version, kernels can only be applied to
"L" and "RGB" images.
:param size: Kernel size, given as (width, height). In the current
version, this must be (3,3) or (5,5).
:param kernel: A sequence containing kernel weights.
:param scale: Scale factor. If given, the result for each pixel is
divided by this value. the default is the sum of the
kernel weights.
:param offset: Offset. If given, this value is added to the result,
after it has been divided by the scale factor.
"""
def __init__(self, size, kernel, scale=None, offset=0):
if scale is None:
# default scale is sum of kernel
scale = reduce(lambda a, b: a+b, kernel)
if size[0] * size[1] != len(kernel):
raise ValueError("not enough coefficients in kernel")
self.filterargs = size, scale, offset, kernel
def filter(self, image):
if image.mode == "P":
raise ValueError("cannot filter palette images")
return image.filter(*self.filterargs)
class BuiltinFilter(Kernel):
def __init__(self):
pass
class RankFilter(Filter):
"""
Create a rank filter. The rank filter sorts all pixels in
a window of the given size, and returns the **rank**'th value.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
:param rank: What pixel value to pick. Use 0 for a min filter,
``size * size / 2`` for a median filter, ``size * size - 1``
for a max filter, etc.
"""
name = "Rank"
def __init__(self, size, rank):
self.size = size
self.rank = rank
def filter(self, image):
if image.mode == "P":
raise ValueError("cannot filter palette images")
image = image.expand(self.size//2, self.size//2)
return image.rankfilter(self.size, self.rank)
class MedianFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a median filter. Picks the median pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Median"
def __init__(self, size=3):
self.size = size
self.rank = size*size//2
class MinFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a min filter. Picks the lowest pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Min"
def __init__(self, size=3):
self.size = size
self.rank = 0
class MaxFilter(RankFilter):
"""
Create a max filter. Picks the largest pixel value in a window with the
given size.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Max"
def __init__(self, size=3):
self.size = size
self.rank = size*size-1
class ModeFilter(Filter):
"""
Create a mode filter. Picks the most frequent pixel value in a box with the
given size. Pixel values that occur only once or twice are ignored; if no
pixel value occurs more than twice, the original pixel value is preserved.
:param size: The kernel size, in pixels.
"""
name = "Mode"
def __init__(self, size=3):
self.size = size
def filter(self, image):
return image.modefilter(self.size)
class GaussianBlur(Filter):
"""Gaussian blur filter.
:param radius: Blur radius.
"""
name = "GaussianBlur"
def __init__(self, radius=2):
self.radius = radius
def filter(self, image):
return image.gaussian_blur(self.radius)
class UnsharpMask(Filter):
"""Unsharp mask filter.
See Wikipedia's entry on `digital unsharp masking`_ for an explanation of
the parameters.
:param radius: Blur Radius
:param percent: Unsharp strength, in percent
:param threshold: Threshold controls the minimum brightness change that
will be sharpened
.. _digital unsharp masking: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsharp_masking#Digital_unsharp_masking
"""
name = "UnsharpMask"
def __init__(self, radius=2, percent=150, threshold=3):
self.radius = radius
self.percent = percent
self.threshold = threshold
def filter(self, image):
return image.unsharp_mask(self.radius, self.percent, self.threshold)
class BLUR(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Blur"
filterargs = (5, 5), 16, 0, (
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 0, 0, 0, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1
)
class CONTOUR(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Contour"
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 255, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 8, -1,
-1, -1, -1
)
class DETAIL(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Detail"
filterargs = (3, 3), 6, 0, (
0, -1, 0,
-1, 10, -1,
0, -1, 0
)
class EDGE_ENHANCE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Edge-enhance"
filterargs = (3, 3), 2, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 10, -1,
-1, -1, -1
)
class EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Edge-enhance More"
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 9, -1,
-1, -1, -1
)
class EMBOSS(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Emboss"
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 128, (
-1, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0
)
class FIND_EDGES(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Find Edges"
filterargs = (3, 3), 1, 0, (
-1, -1, -1,
-1, 8, -1,
-1, -1, -1
)
class SMOOTH(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Smooth"
filterargs = (3, 3), 13, 0, (
1, 1, 1,
1, 5, 1,
1, 1, 1
)
class SMOOTH_MORE(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Smooth More"
filterargs = (5, 5), 100, 0, (
1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 5, 5, 5, 1,
1, 5, 44, 5, 1,
1, 5, 5, 5, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1
)
class SHARPEN(BuiltinFilter):
name = "Sharpen"
filterargs = (3, 3), 16, 0, (
-2, -2, -2,
-2, 32, -2,
-2, -2, -2
)

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@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PIL raster font management
#
# History:
# 1996-08-07 fl created (experimental)
# 1997-08-25 fl minor adjustments to handle fonts from pilfont 0.3
# 1999-02-06 fl rewrote most font management stuff in C
# 1999-03-17 fl take pth files into account in load_path (from Richard Jones)
# 2001-02-17 fl added freetype support
# 2001-05-09 fl added TransposedFont wrapper class
# 2002-03-04 fl make sure we have a "L" or "1" font
# 2002-12-04 fl skip non-directory entries in the system path
# 2003-04-29 fl add embedded default font
# 2003-09-27 fl added support for truetype charmap encodings
#
# Todo:
# Adapt to PILFONT2 format (16-bit fonts, compressed, single file)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import Image
from PIL._util import isDirectory, isPath
import os
import sys
try:
import warnings
except ImportError:
warnings = None
class _imagingft_not_installed:
# module placeholder
def __getattr__(self, id):
raise ImportError("The _imagingft C module is not installed")
try:
from PIL import _imagingft as core
except ImportError:
core = _imagingft_not_installed()
# FIXME: add support for pilfont2 format (see FontFile.py)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Font metrics format:
# "PILfont" LF
# fontdescriptor LF
# (optional) key=value... LF
# "DATA" LF
# binary data: 256*10*2 bytes (dx, dy, dstbox, srcbox)
#
# To place a character, cut out srcbox and paste at dstbox,
# relative to the character position. Then move the character
# position according to dx, dy.
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
class ImageFont:
"PIL font wrapper"
def _load_pilfont(self, filename):
file = open(filename, "rb")
for ext in (".png", ".gif", ".pbm"):
try:
fullname = os.path.splitext(filename)[0] + ext
image = Image.open(fullname)
except:
pass
else:
if image and image.mode in ("1", "L"):
break
else:
raise IOError("cannot find glyph data file")
self.file = fullname
return self._load_pilfont_data(file, image)
def _load_pilfont_data(self, file, image):
# read PILfont header
if file.readline() != b"PILfont\n":
raise SyntaxError("Not a PILfont file")
file.readline().split(b";")
self.info = [] # FIXME: should be a dictionary
while True:
s = file.readline()
if not s or s == b"DATA\n":
break
self.info.append(s)
# read PILfont metrics
data = file.read(256*20)
# check image
if image.mode not in ("1", "L"):
raise TypeError("invalid font image mode")
image.load()
self.font = Image.core.font(image.im, data)
# delegate critical operations to internal type
self.getsize = self.font.getsize
self.getmask = self.font.getmask
##
# Wrapper for FreeType fonts. Application code should use the
# <b>truetype</b> factory function to create font objects.
class FreeTypeFont:
"FreeType font wrapper (requires _imagingft service)"
def __init__(self, font=None, size=10, index=0, encoding="", file=None):
# FIXME: use service provider instead
if file:
if warnings:
warnings.warn(
'file parameter deprecated, '
'please use font parameter instead.',
DeprecationWarning)
font = file
if isPath(font):
self.font = core.getfont(font, size, index, encoding)
else:
self.font_bytes = font.read()
self.font = core.getfont(
"", size, index, encoding, self.font_bytes)
def getname(self):
return self.font.family, self.font.style
def getmetrics(self):
return self.font.ascent, self.font.descent
def getsize(self, text):
size, offset = self.font.getsize(text)
return (size[0] + offset[0], size[1] + offset[1])
def getoffset(self, text):
return self.font.getsize(text)[1]
def getmask(self, text, mode=""):
return self.getmask2(text, mode)[0]
def getmask2(self, text, mode="", fill=Image.core.fill):
size, offset = self.font.getsize(text)
im = fill("L", size, 0)
self.font.render(text, im.id, mode == "1")
return im, offset
##
# Wrapper that creates a transposed font from any existing font
# object.
#
# @param font A font object.
# @param orientation An optional orientation. If given, this should
# be one of Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT, Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM,
# Image.ROTATE_90, Image.ROTATE_180, or Image.ROTATE_270.
class TransposedFont:
"Wrapper for writing rotated or mirrored text"
def __init__(self, font, orientation=None):
self.font = font
self.orientation = orientation # any 'transpose' argument, or None
def getsize(self, text):
w, h = self.font.getsize(text)
if self.orientation in (Image.ROTATE_90, Image.ROTATE_270):
return h, w
return w, h
def getmask(self, text, mode=""):
im = self.font.getmask(text, mode)
if self.orientation is not None:
return im.transpose(self.orientation)
return im
def load(filename):
"""
Load a font file. This function loads a font object from the given
bitmap font file, and returns the corresponding font object.
:param filename: Name of font file.
:return: A font object.
:exception IOError: If the file could not be read.
"""
f = ImageFont()
f._load_pilfont(filename)
return f
def truetype(font=None, size=10, index=0, encoding="", filename=None):
"""
Load a TrueType or OpenType font file, and create a font object.
This function loads a font object from the given file, and creates
a font object for a font of the given size.
This function requires the _imagingft service.
:param filename: A truetype font file. Under Windows, if the file
is not found in this filename, the loader also looks in
Windows :file:`fonts/` directory.
:param size: The requested size, in points.
:param index: Which font face to load (default is first available face).
:param encoding: Which font encoding to use (default is Unicode). Common
encodings are "unic" (Unicode), "symb" (Microsoft
Symbol), "ADOB" (Adobe Standard), "ADBE" (Adobe Expert),
and "armn" (Apple Roman). See the FreeType documentation
for more information.
:return: A font object.
:exception IOError: If the file could not be read.
"""
if filename:
if warnings:
warnings.warn(
'filename parameter deprecated, '
'please use font parameter instead.',
DeprecationWarning)
font = filename
try:
return FreeTypeFont(font, size, index, encoding)
except IOError:
if font.endswith(".ttf"):
ttf_filename = font
else:
ttf_filename = "%s.ttf" % font
if sys.platform == "win32":
# check the windows font repository
# NOTE: must use uppercase WINDIR, to work around bugs in
# 1.5.2's os.environ.get()
windir = os.environ.get("WINDIR")
if windir:
filename = os.path.join(windir, "fonts", font)
return FreeTypeFont(filename, size, index, encoding)
elif sys.platform in ('linux', 'linux2'):
lindirs = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_DIRS", "")
if not lindirs:
#According to the freedesktop spec, XDG_DATA_DIRS should
#default to /usr/share
lindirs = '/usr/share'
lindirs = lindirs.split(":")
for lindir in lindirs:
parentpath = os.path.join(lindir, "fonts")
for walkroot, walkdir, walkfilenames in os.walk(parentpath):
if ttf_filename in walkfilenames:
filepath = os.path.join(walkroot, ttf_filename)
return FreeTypeFont(filepath, size, index, encoding)
elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
macdirs = ['/Library/Fonts/', '/System/Library/Fonts/', os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Fonts/')]
for macdir in macdirs:
filepath = os.path.join(macdir, ttf_filename)
if os.path.exists(filepath):
return FreeTypeFont(filepath, size, index, encoding)
raise
def load_path(filename):
"""
Load font file. Same as :py:func:`~PIL.ImageFont.load`, but searches for a
bitmap font along the Python path.
:param filename: Name of font file.
:return: A font object.
:exception IOError: If the file could not be read.
"""
for dir in sys.path:
if isDirectory(dir):
if not isinstance(filename, str):
if bytes is str:
filename = filename.encode("utf-8")
else:
filename = filename.decode("utf-8")
try:
return load(os.path.join(dir, filename))
except IOError:
pass
raise IOError("cannot find font file")
def load_default():
"""Load a "better than nothing" default font.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.4
:return: A font object.
"""
from io import BytesIO
import base64
f = ImageFont()
f._load_pilfont_data(
# courB08
BytesIO(base64.decodestring(b'''
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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAYAAAAB
//sAAwACAecAAAHpAAcABgAAAAD/+QAFAAEB6QAAAe4ACAAGAAAAAP/5AAYAAAHuAAAB9AAHAAYA
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Au4AAALzAAkABgAAAAD/9wAFAAAC8wAAAvgACQAGAAAAAP/4AAUAAAL4AAAC/QAIAAYAAAAA//oA
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+QAGAAIAzgAKANUAEw==
''')), Image.open(BytesIO(base64.decodestring(b'''
iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAx4AAAAUAQAAAAArMtZoAAAEwElEQVR4nABlAJr/AHVE4czCI/4u
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oJodAAAAAP//Yqo/83+dxePWlxl3npsel9lvLfPcqlE9725C+acfVLMEAAAA//9i+s9gwCoaaGMR
evta/58PTEWzr21hufPjA8N+qlnBwAAAAAD//2JiWLci5v1+HmFXDqcnULE/MxgYGBj+f6CaJQAA
AAD//2Ji2FrkY3iYpYC5qDeGgeEMAwPDvwQBBoYvcTwOVLMEAAAA//9isDBgkP///0EOg9z35v//
Gc/eeW7BwPj5+QGZhANUswMAAAD//2JgqGBgYGBgqEMXlvhMPUsAAAAA//8iYDd1AAAAAP//AwDR
w7IkEbzhVQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==
'''))))
return f
# End of file

View File

@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# screen grabber (windows only)
#
# History:
# 2001-04-26 fl created
# 2001-09-17 fl use builtin driver, if present
# 2002-11-19 fl added grabclipboard support
#
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2001-2002 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
import sys
if sys.platform != "win32":
raise ImportError("ImageGrab is Windows only")
try:
# built-in driver (1.1.3 and later)
grabber = Image.core.grabscreen
except AttributeError:
# stand-alone driver (pil plus)
import _grabscreen
grabber = _grabscreen.grab
def grab(bbox=None):
size, data = grabber()
im = Image.frombytes(
"RGB", size, data,
# RGB, 32-bit line padding, origo in lower left corner
"raw", "BGR", (size[0]*3 + 3) & -4, -1
)
if bbox:
im = im.crop(bbox)
return im
def grabclipboard():
debug = 0 # temporary interface
data = Image.core.grabclipboard(debug)
if isinstance(data, bytes):
from PIL import BmpImagePlugin
import io
return BmpImagePlugin.DibImageFile(io.BytesIO(data))
return data

View File

@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# a simple math add-on for the Python Imaging Library
#
# History:
# 1999-02-15 fl Original PIL Plus release
# 2005-05-05 fl Simplified and cleaned up for PIL 1.1.6
# 2005-09-12 fl Fixed int() and float() for Python 2.4.1
#
# Copyright (c) 1999-2005 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2005 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL import _imagingmath
try:
import builtins
except ImportError:
import __builtin__
builtins = __builtin__
VERBOSE = 0
def _isconstant(v):
return isinstance(v, int) or isinstance(v, float)
class _Operand:
# wraps an image operand, providing standard operators
def __init__(self, im):
self.im = im
def __fixup(self, im1):
# convert image to suitable mode
if isinstance(im1, _Operand):
# argument was an image.
if im1.im.mode in ("1", "L"):
return im1.im.convert("I")
elif im1.im.mode in ("I", "F"):
return im1.im
else:
raise ValueError("unsupported mode: %s" % im1.im.mode)
else:
# argument was a constant
if _isconstant(im1) and self.im.mode in ("1", "L", "I"):
return Image.new("I", self.im.size, im1)
else:
return Image.new("F", self.im.size, im1)
def apply(self, op, im1, im2=None, mode=None):
im1 = self.__fixup(im1)
if im2 is None:
# unary operation
out = Image.new(mode or im1.mode, im1.size, None)
im1.load()
try:
op = getattr(_imagingmath, op+"_"+im1.mode)
except AttributeError:
raise TypeError("bad operand type for '%s'" % op)
_imagingmath.unop(op, out.im.id, im1.im.id)
else:
# binary operation
im2 = self.__fixup(im2)
if im1.mode != im2.mode:
# convert both arguments to floating point
if im1.mode != "F":
im1 = im1.convert("F")
if im2.mode != "F":
im2 = im2.convert("F")
if im1.mode != im2.mode:
raise ValueError("mode mismatch")
if im1.size != im2.size:
# crop both arguments to a common size
size = (min(im1.size[0], im2.size[0]),
min(im1.size[1], im2.size[1]))
if im1.size != size:
im1 = im1.crop((0, 0) + size)
if im2.size != size:
im2 = im2.crop((0, 0) + size)
out = Image.new(mode or im1.mode, size, None)
else:
out = Image.new(mode or im1.mode, im1.size, None)
im1.load()
im2.load()
try:
op = getattr(_imagingmath, op+"_"+im1.mode)
except AttributeError:
raise TypeError("bad operand type for '%s'" % op)
_imagingmath.binop(op, out.im.id, im1.im.id, im2.im.id)
return _Operand(out)
# unary operators
def __bool__(self):
# an image is "true" if it contains at least one non-zero pixel
return self.im.getbbox() is not None
if bytes is str:
# Provide __nonzero__ for pre-Py3k
__nonzero__ = __bool__
del __bool__
def __abs__(self):
return self.apply("abs", self)
def __pos__(self):
return self
def __neg__(self):
return self.apply("neg", self)
# binary operators
def __add__(self, other):
return self.apply("add", self, other)
def __radd__(self, other):
return self.apply("add", other, self)
def __sub__(self, other):
return self.apply("sub", self, other)
def __rsub__(self, other):
return self.apply("sub", other, self)
def __mul__(self, other):
return self.apply("mul", self, other)
def __rmul__(self, other):
return self.apply("mul", other, self)
def __truediv__(self, other):
return self.apply("div", self, other)
def __rtruediv__(self, other):
return self.apply("div", other, self)
def __mod__(self, other):
return self.apply("mod", self, other)
def __rmod__(self, other):
return self.apply("mod", other, self)
def __pow__(self, other):
return self.apply("pow", self, other)
def __rpow__(self, other):
return self.apply("pow", other, self)
if bytes is str:
# Provide __div__ and __rdiv__ for pre-Py3k
__div__ = __truediv__
__rdiv__ = __rtruediv__
del __truediv__
del __rtruediv__
# bitwise
def __invert__(self):
return self.apply("invert", self)
def __and__(self, other):
return self.apply("and", self, other)
def __rand__(self, other):
return self.apply("and", other, self)
def __or__(self, other):
return self.apply("or", self, other)
def __ror__(self, other):
return self.apply("or", other, self)
def __xor__(self, other):
return self.apply("xor", self, other)
def __rxor__(self, other):
return self.apply("xor", other, self)
def __lshift__(self, other):
return self.apply("lshift", self, other)
def __rshift__(self, other):
return self.apply("rshift", self, other)
# logical
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.apply("eq", self, other)
def __ne__(self, other):
return self.apply("ne", self, other)
def __lt__(self, other):
return self.apply("lt", self, other)
def __le__(self, other):
return self.apply("le", self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
return self.apply("gt", self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
return self.apply("ge", self, other)
# conversions
def imagemath_int(self):
return _Operand(self.im.convert("I"))
def imagemath_float(self):
return _Operand(self.im.convert("F"))
# logical
def imagemath_equal(self, other):
return self.apply("eq", self, other, mode="I")
def imagemath_notequal(self, other):
return self.apply("ne", self, other, mode="I")
def imagemath_min(self, other):
return self.apply("min", self, other)
def imagemath_max(self, other):
return self.apply("max", self, other)
def imagemath_convert(self, mode):
return _Operand(self.im.convert(mode))
ops = {}
for k, v in list(globals().items()):
if k[:10] == "imagemath_":
ops[k[10:]] = v
def eval(expression, _dict={}, **kw):
"""
Evaluates an image expression.
:param expression: A string containing a Python-style expression.
:param options: Values to add to the evaluation context. You
can either use a dictionary, or one or more keyword
arguments.
:return: The evaluated expression. This is usually an image object, but can
also be an integer, a floating point value, or a pixel tuple,
depending on the expression.
"""
# build execution namespace
args = ops.copy()
args.update(_dict)
args.update(kw)
for k, v in list(args.items()):
if hasattr(v, "im"):
args[k] = _Operand(v)
out = builtins.eval(expression, args)
try:
return out.im
except AttributeError:
return out

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard mode descriptors
#
# History:
# 2006-03-20 fl Added
#
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# mode descriptor cache
_modes = {}
##
# Wrapper for mode strings.
class ModeDescriptor:
def __init__(self, mode, bands, basemode, basetype):
self.mode = mode
self.bands = bands
self.basemode = basemode
self.basetype = basetype
def __str__(self):
return self.mode
##
# Gets a mode descriptor for the given mode.
def getmode(mode):
if not _modes:
# initialize mode cache
from PIL import Image
# core modes
for m, (basemode, basetype, bands) in Image._MODEINFO.items():
_modes[m] = ModeDescriptor(m, bands, basemode, basetype)
# extra experimental modes
_modes["LA"] = ModeDescriptor("LA", ("L", "A"), "L", "L")
_modes["PA"] = ModeDescriptor("PA", ("P", "A"), "RGB", "L")
# mapping modes
_modes["I;16"] = ModeDescriptor("I;16", "I", "L", "L")
_modes["I;16L"] = ModeDescriptor("I;16L", "I", "L", "L")
_modes["I;16B"] = ModeDescriptor("I;16B", "I", "L", "L")
return _modes[mode]

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# A binary morphology add-on for the Python Imaging Library
#
# History:
# 2014-06-04 Initial version.
#
# Copyright (c) 2014 Dov Grobgeld <dov.grobgeld@gmail.com>
from PIL import Image
from PIL import _imagingmorph
import re
LUT_SIZE = 1 << 9
class LutBuilder:
"""A class for building a MorphLut from a descriptive language
The input patterns is a list of a strings sequences like these::
4:(...
.1.
111)->1
(whitespaces including linebreaks are ignored). The option 4
describes a series of symmetry operations (in this case a
4-rotation), the pattern is described by:
- . or X - Ignore
- 1 - Pixel is on
- 0 - Pixel is off
The result of the operation is described after "->" string.
The default is to return the current pixel value, which is
returned if no other match is found.
Operations:
- 4 - 4 way rotation
- N - Negate
- 1 - Dummy op for no other operation (an op must always be given)
- M - Mirroring
Example::
lb = LutBuilder(patterns = ["4:(... .1. 111)->1"])
lut = lb.build_lut()
"""
def __init__(self, patterns=None, op_name=None):
if patterns is not None:
self.patterns = patterns
else:
self.patterns = []
self.lut = None
if op_name is not None:
known_patterns = {
'corner': ['1:(... ... ...)->0',
'4:(00. 01. ...)->1'],
'dilation4': ['4:(... .0. .1.)->1'],
'dilation8': ['4:(... .0. .1.)->1',
'4:(... .0. ..1)->1'],
'erosion4': ['4:(... .1. .0.)->0'],
'erosion8': ['4:(... .1. .0.)->0',
'4:(... .1. ..0)->0'],
'edge': ['1:(... ... ...)->0',
'4:(.0. .1. ...)->1',
'4:(01. .1. ...)->1']
}
if op_name not in known_patterns:
raise Exception('Unknown pattern '+op_name+'!')
self.patterns = known_patterns[op_name]
def add_patterns(self, patterns):
self.patterns += patterns
def build_default_lut(self):
symbols = [0, 1]
m = 1 << 4 # pos of current pixel
self.lut = bytearray([symbols[(i & m) > 0] for i in range(LUT_SIZE)])
def get_lut(self):
return self.lut
def _string_permute(self, pattern, permutation):
"""string_permute takes a pattern and a permutation and returns the
string permuted according to the permutation list.
"""
assert(len(permutation) == 9)
return ''.join([pattern[p] for p in permutation])
def _pattern_permute(self, basic_pattern, options, basic_result):
"""pattern_permute takes a basic pattern and its result and clones
the pattern according to the modifications described in the $options
parameter. It returns a list of all cloned patterns."""
patterns = [(basic_pattern, basic_result)]
# rotations
if '4' in options:
res = patterns[-1][1]
for i in range(4):
patterns.append(
(self._string_permute(patterns[-1][0], [6, 3, 0,
7, 4, 1,
8, 5, 2]), res))
# mirror
if 'M' in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[0:n]:
patterns.append(
(self._string_permute(pattern, [2, 1, 0,
5, 4, 3,
8, 7, 6]), res))
# negate
if 'N' in options:
n = len(patterns)
for pattern, res in patterns[0:n]:
# Swap 0 and 1
pattern = (pattern
.replace('0', 'Z')
.replace('1', '0')
.replace('Z', '1'))
res = '%d' % (1-int(res))
patterns.append((pattern, res))
return patterns
def build_lut(self):
"""Compile all patterns into a morphology lut.
TBD :Build based on (file) morphlut:modify_lut
"""
self.build_default_lut()
patterns = []
# Parse and create symmetries of the patterns strings
for p in self.patterns:
m = re.search(
r'(\w*):?\s*\((.+?)\)\s*->\s*(\d)', p.replace('\n', ''))
if not m:
raise Exception('Syntax error in pattern "'+p+'"')
options = m.group(1)
pattern = m.group(2)
result = int(m.group(3))
# Get rid of spaces
pattern = pattern.replace(' ', '').replace('\n', '')
patterns += self._pattern_permute(pattern, options, result)
# # Debugging
# for p,r in patterns:
# print p,r
# print '--'
# compile the patterns into regular expressions for speed
for i in range(len(patterns)):
p = patterns[i][0].replace('.', 'X').replace('X', '[01]')
p = re.compile(p)
patterns[i] = (p, patterns[i][1])
# Step through table and find patterns that match.
# Note that all the patterns are searched. The last one
# caught overrides
for i in range(LUT_SIZE):
# Build the bit pattern
bitpattern = bin(i)[2:]
bitpattern = ('0'*(9-len(bitpattern)) + bitpattern)[::-1]
for p, r in patterns:
if p.match(bitpattern):
self.lut[i] = [0, 1][r]
return self.lut
class MorphOp:
"""A class for binary morphological operators"""
def __init__(self,
lut=None,
op_name=None,
patterns=None):
"""Create a binary morphological operator"""
self.lut = lut
if op_name is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(op_name=op_name).build_lut()
elif patterns is not None:
self.lut = LutBuilder(patterns=patterns).build_lut()
def apply(self, image):
"""Run a single morphological operation on an image
Returns a tuple of the number of changed pixels and the
morphed image"""
if self.lut is None:
raise Exception('No operator loaded')
outimage = Image.new(image.mode, image.size, None)
count = _imagingmorph.apply(
bytes(self.lut), image.im.id, outimage.im.id)
return count, outimage
def match(self, image):
"""Get a list of coordinates matching the morphological operation on
an image.
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels."""
if self.lut is None:
raise Exception('No operator loaded')
return _imagingmorph.match(bytes(self.lut), image.im.id)
def get_on_pixels(self, image):
"""Get a list of all turned on pixels in a binary image
Returns a list of tuples of (x,y) coordinates
of all matching pixels."""
return _imagingmorph.get_on_pixels(image.im.id)
def load_lut(self, filename):
"""Load an operator from an mrl file"""
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
self.lut = bytearray(f.read())
if len(self.lut) != 8192:
self.lut = None
raise Exception('Wrong size operator file!')
def save_lut(self, filename):
"""Save an operator to an mrl file"""
if self.lut is None:
raise Exception('No operator loaded')
with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
f.write(self.lut)
def set_lut(self, lut):
"""Set the lut from an external source"""
self.lut = lut
# End of file

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# standard image operations
#
# History:
# 2001-10-20 fl Created
# 2001-10-23 fl Added autocontrast operator
# 2001-12-18 fl Added Kevin's fit operator
# 2004-03-14 fl Fixed potential division by zero in equalize
# 2005-05-05 fl Fixed equalize for low number of values
#
# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2001-2004 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL._util import isStringType
import operator
from functools import reduce
#
# helpers
def _border(border):
if isinstance(border, tuple):
if len(border) == 2:
left, top = right, bottom = border
elif len(border) == 4:
left, top, right, bottom = border
else:
left = top = right = bottom = border
return left, top, right, bottom
def _color(color, mode):
if isStringType(color):
from PIL import ImageColor
color = ImageColor.getcolor(color, mode)
return color
def _lut(image, lut):
if image.mode == "P":
# FIXME: apply to lookup table, not image data
raise NotImplementedError("mode P support coming soon")
elif image.mode in ("L", "RGB"):
if image.mode == "RGB" and len(lut) == 256:
lut = lut + lut + lut
return image.point(lut)
else:
raise IOError("not supported for this image mode")
#
# actions
def autocontrast(image, cutoff=0, ignore=None):
"""
Maximize (normalize) image contrast. This function calculates a
histogram of the input image, removes **cutoff** percent of the
lightest and darkest pixels from the histogram, and remaps the image
so that the darkest pixel becomes black (0), and the lightest
becomes white (255).
:param image: The image to process.
:param cutoff: How many percent to cut off from the histogram.
:param ignore: The background pixel value (use None for no background).
:return: An image.
"""
histogram = image.histogram()
lut = []
for layer in range(0, len(histogram), 256):
h = histogram[layer:layer+256]
if ignore is not None:
# get rid of outliers
try:
h[ignore] = 0
except TypeError:
# assume sequence
for ix in ignore:
h[ix] = 0
if cutoff:
# cut off pixels from both ends of the histogram
# get number of pixels
n = 0
for ix in range(256):
n = n + h[ix]
# remove cutoff% pixels from the low end
cut = n * cutoff // 100
for lo in range(256):
if cut > h[lo]:
cut = cut - h[lo]
h[lo] = 0
else:
h[lo] -= cut
cut = 0
if cut <= 0:
break
# remove cutoff% samples from the hi end
cut = n * cutoff // 100
for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
if cut > h[hi]:
cut = cut - h[hi]
h[hi] = 0
else:
h[hi] -= cut
cut = 0
if cut <= 0:
break
# find lowest/highest samples after preprocessing
for lo in range(256):
if h[lo]:
break
for hi in range(255, -1, -1):
if h[hi]:
break
if hi <= lo:
# don't bother
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
scale = 255.0 / (hi - lo)
offset = -lo * scale
for ix in range(256):
ix = int(ix * scale + offset)
if ix < 0:
ix = 0
elif ix > 255:
ix = 255
lut.append(ix)
return _lut(image, lut)
def colorize(image, black, white):
"""
Colorize grayscale image. The **black** and **white**
arguments should be RGB tuples; this function calculates a color
wedge mapping all black pixels in the source image to the first
color, and all white pixels to the second color.
:param image: The image to colorize.
:param black: The color to use for black input pixels.
:param white: The color to use for white input pixels.
:return: An image.
"""
assert image.mode == "L"
black = _color(black, "RGB")
white = _color(white, "RGB")
red = []
green = []
blue = []
for i in range(256):
red.append(black[0]+i*(white[0]-black[0])//255)
green.append(black[1]+i*(white[1]-black[1])//255)
blue.append(black[2]+i*(white[2]-black[2])//255)
image = image.convert("RGB")
return _lut(image, red + green + blue)
def crop(image, border=0):
"""
Remove border from image. The same amount of pixels are removed
from all four sides. This function works on all image modes.
.. seealso:: :py:meth:`~PIL.Image.Image.crop`
:param image: The image to crop.
:param border: The number of pixels to remove.
:return: An image.
"""
left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
return image.crop(
(left, top, image.size[0]-right, image.size[1]-bottom)
)
def deform(image, deformer, resample=Image.BILINEAR):
"""
Deform the image.
:param image: The image to deform.
:param deformer: A deformer object. Any object that implements a
**getmesh** method can be used.
:param resample: What resampling filter to use.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transform(
image.size, Image.MESH, deformer.getmesh(image), resample
)
def equalize(image, mask=None):
"""
Equalize the image histogram. This function applies a non-linear
mapping to the input image, in order to create a uniform
distribution of grayscale values in the output image.
:param image: The image to equalize.
:param mask: An optional mask. If given, only the pixels selected by
the mask are included in the analysis.
:return: An image.
"""
if image.mode == "P":
image = image.convert("RGB")
h = image.histogram(mask)
lut = []
for b in range(0, len(h), 256):
histo = [_f for _f in h[b:b+256] if _f]
if len(histo) <= 1:
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
step = (reduce(operator.add, histo) - histo[-1]) // 255
if not step:
lut.extend(list(range(256)))
else:
n = step // 2
for i in range(256):
lut.append(n // step)
n = n + h[i+b]
return _lut(image, lut)
def expand(image, border=0, fill=0):
"""
Add border to the image
:param image: The image to expand.
:param border: Border width, in pixels.
:param fill: Pixel fill value (a color value). Default is 0 (black).
:return: An image.
"""
"Add border to image"
left, top, right, bottom = _border(border)
width = left + image.size[0] + right
height = top + image.size[1] + bottom
out = Image.new(image.mode, (width, height), _color(fill, image.mode))
out.paste(image, (left, top))
return out
def fit(image, size, method=Image.NEAREST, bleed=0.0, centering=(0.5, 0.5)):
"""
Returns a sized and cropped version of the image, cropped to the
requested aspect ratio and size.
This function was contributed by Kevin Cazabon.
:param size: The requested output size in pixels, given as a
(width, height) tuple.
:param method: What resampling method to use. Default is
:py:attr:`PIL.Image.NEAREST`.
:param bleed: Remove a border around the outside of the image (from all
four edges. The value is a decimal percentage (use 0.01 for
one percent). The default value is 0 (no border).
:param centering: Control the cropping position. Use (0.5, 0.5) for
center cropping (e.g. if cropping the width, take 50% off
of the left side, and therefore 50% off the right side).
(0.0, 0.0) will crop from the top left corner (i.e. if
cropping the width, take all of the crop off of the right
side, and if cropping the height, take all of it off the
bottom). (1.0, 0.0) will crop from the bottom left
corner, etc. (i.e. if cropping the width, take all of the
crop off the left side, and if cropping the height take
none from the top, and therefore all off the bottom).
:return: An image.
"""
# by Kevin Cazabon, Feb 17/2000
# kevin@cazabon.com
# http://www.cazabon.com
# ensure inputs are valid
if not isinstance(centering, list):
centering = [centering[0], centering[1]]
if centering[0] > 1.0 or centering[0] < 0.0:
centering[0] = 0.50
if centering[1] > 1.0 or centering[1] < 0.0:
centering[1] = 0.50
if bleed > 0.49999 or bleed < 0.0:
bleed = 0.0
# calculate the area to use for resizing and cropping, subtracting
# the 'bleed' around the edges
# number of pixels to trim off on Top and Bottom, Left and Right
bleedPixels = (
int((float(bleed) * float(image.size[0])) + 0.5),
int((float(bleed) * float(image.size[1])) + 0.5)
)
liveArea = (0, 0, image.size[0], image.size[1])
if bleed > 0.0:
liveArea = (
bleedPixels[0], bleedPixels[1], image.size[0] - bleedPixels[0] - 1,
image.size[1] - bleedPixels[1] - 1
)
liveSize = (liveArea[2] - liveArea[0], liveArea[3] - liveArea[1])
# calculate the aspect ratio of the liveArea
liveAreaAspectRatio = float(liveSize[0])/float(liveSize[1])
# calculate the aspect ratio of the output image
aspectRatio = float(size[0]) / float(size[1])
# figure out if the sides or top/bottom will be cropped off
if liveAreaAspectRatio >= aspectRatio:
# liveArea is wider than what's needed, crop the sides
cropWidth = int((aspectRatio * float(liveSize[1])) + 0.5)
cropHeight = liveSize[1]
else:
# liveArea is taller than what's needed, crop the top and bottom
cropWidth = liveSize[0]
cropHeight = int((float(liveSize[0])/aspectRatio) + 0.5)
# make the crop
leftSide = int(liveArea[0] + (float(liveSize[0]-cropWidth) * centering[0]))
if leftSide < 0:
leftSide = 0
topSide = int(liveArea[1] + (float(liveSize[1]-cropHeight) * centering[1]))
if topSide < 0:
topSide = 0
out = image.crop(
(leftSide, topSide, leftSide + cropWidth, topSide + cropHeight)
)
# resize the image and return it
return out.resize(size, method)
def flip(image):
"""
Flip the image vertically (top to bottom).
:param image: The image to flip.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)
def grayscale(image):
"""
Convert the image to grayscale.
:param image: The image to convert.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.convert("L")
def invert(image):
"""
Invert (negate) the image.
:param image: The image to invert.
:return: An image.
"""
lut = []
for i in range(256):
lut.append(255-i)
return _lut(image, lut)
def mirror(image):
"""
Flip image horizontally (left to right).
:param image: The image to mirror.
:return: An image.
"""
return image.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
def posterize(image, bits):
"""
Reduce the number of bits for each color channel.
:param image: The image to posterize.
:param bits: The number of bits to keep for each channel (1-8).
:return: An image.
"""
lut = []
mask = ~(2**(8-bits)-1)
for i in range(256):
lut.append(i & mask)
return _lut(image, lut)
def solarize(image, threshold=128):
"""
Invert all pixel values above a threshold.
:param image: The image to solarize.
:param threshold: All pixels above this greyscale level are inverted.
:return: An image.
"""
lut = []
for i in range(256):
if i < threshold:
lut.append(i)
else:
lut.append(255-i)
return _lut(image, lut)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PIL USM components, from Kevin Cazabon.
def gaussian_blur(im, radius=None):
""" PIL_usm.gblur(im, [radius])"""
if radius is None:
radius = 5.0
im.load()
return im.im.gaussian_blur(radius)
gblur = gaussian_blur
def unsharp_mask(im, radius=None, percent=None, threshold=None):
""" PIL_usm.usm(im, [radius, percent, threshold])"""
if radius is None:
radius = 5.0
if percent is None:
percent = 150
if threshold is None:
threshold = 3
im.load()
return im.im.unsharp_mask(radius, percent, threshold)
usm = unsharp_mask
def box_blur(image, radius):
"""
Blur the image by setting each pixel to the average value of the pixels
in a square box extending radius pixels in each direction.
Supports float radius of arbitrary size. Uses an optimized implementation
which runs in linear time relative to the size of the image
for any radius value.
:param image: The image to blur.
:param radius: Size of the box in one direction. Radius 0 does not blur,
returns an identical image. Radius 1 takes 1 pixel
in each direction, i.e. 9 pixels in total.
:return: An image.
"""
image.load()
return image._new(image.im.box_blur(radius))

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# image palette object
#
# History:
# 1996-03-11 fl Rewritten.
# 1997-01-03 fl Up and running.
# 1997-08-23 fl Added load hack
# 2001-04-16 fl Fixed randint shadow bug in random()
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import array
import warnings
from PIL import ImageColor
class ImagePalette:
"Color palette for palette mapped images"
def __init__(self, mode="RGB", palette=None, size=0):
self.mode = mode
self.rawmode = None # if set, palette contains raw data
self.palette = palette or list(range(256))*len(self.mode)
self.colors = {}
self.dirty = None
if ((size == 0 and len(self.mode)*256 != len(self.palette)) or
(size != 0 and size != len(self.palette))):
raise ValueError("wrong palette size")
def getdata(self):
"""
Get palette contents in format suitable # for the low-level
``im.putpalette`` primitive.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
return self.rawmode, self.palette
return self.mode + ";L", self.tobytes()
def tobytes(self):
"""Convert palette to bytes.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
raise ValueError("palette contains raw palette data")
if isinstance(self.palette, bytes):
return self.palette
arr = array.array("B", self.palette)
if hasattr(arr, 'tobytes'):
# py3k has a tobytes, tostring is deprecated.
return arr.tobytes()
return arr.tostring()
# Declare tostring as an alias for tobytes
tostring = tobytes
def getcolor(self, color):
"""Given an rgb tuple, allocate palette entry.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
raise ValueError("palette contains raw palette data")
if isinstance(color, tuple):
try:
return self.colors[color]
except KeyError:
# allocate new color slot
if isinstance(self.palette, bytes):
self.palette = [int(x) for x in self.palette]
index = len(self.colors)
if index >= 256:
raise ValueError("cannot allocate more than 256 colors")
self.colors[color] = index
self.palette[index] = color[0]
self.palette[index+256] = color[1]
self.palette[index+512] = color[2]
self.dirty = 1
return index
else:
raise ValueError("unknown color specifier: %r" % color)
def save(self, fp):
"""Save palette to text file.
.. warning:: This method is experimental.
"""
if self.rawmode:
raise ValueError("palette contains raw palette data")
if isinstance(fp, str):
fp = open(fp, "w")
fp.write("# Palette\n")
fp.write("# Mode: %s\n" % self.mode)
for i in range(256):
fp.write("%d" % i)
for j in range(i*len(self.mode), (i+1)*len(self.mode)):
try:
fp.write(" %d" % self.palette[j])
except IndexError:
fp.write(" 0")
fp.write("\n")
fp.close()
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Internal
def raw(rawmode, data):
palette = ImagePalette()
palette.rawmode = rawmode
palette.palette = data
palette.dirty = 1
return palette
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Factories
def _make_linear_lut(black, white):
warnings.warn(
'_make_linear_lut() is deprecated. '
'Please call make_linear_lut() instead.',
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2
)
return make_linear_lut(black, white)
def _make_gamma_lut(exp):
warnings.warn(
'_make_gamma_lut() is deprecated. '
'Please call make_gamma_lut() instead.',
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2
)
return make_gamma_lut(exp)
def make_linear_lut(black, white):
lut = []
if black == 0:
for i in range(256):
lut.append(white*i//255)
else:
raise NotImplementedError # FIXME
return lut
def make_gamma_lut(exp):
lut = []
for i in range(256):
lut.append(int(((i / 255.0) ** exp) * 255.0 + 0.5))
return lut
def negative(mode="RGB"):
palette = list(range(256))
palette.reverse()
return ImagePalette(mode, palette * len(mode))
def random(mode="RGB"):
from random import randint
palette = []
for i in range(256*len(mode)):
palette.append(randint(0, 255))
return ImagePalette(mode, palette)
def sepia(white="#fff0c0"):
r, g, b = ImageColor.getrgb(white)
r = make_linear_lut(0, r)
g = make_linear_lut(0, g)
b = make_linear_lut(0, b)
return ImagePalette("RGB", r + g + b)
def wedge(mode="RGB"):
return ImagePalette(mode, list(range(256)) * len(mode))
def load(filename):
# FIXME: supports GIMP gradients only
fp = open(filename, "rb")
lut = None
if not lut:
try:
from PIL import GimpPaletteFile
fp.seek(0)
p = GimpPaletteFile.GimpPaletteFile(fp)
lut = p.getpalette()
except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
# import traceback
# traceback.print_exc()
pass
if not lut:
try:
from PIL import GimpGradientFile
fp.seek(0)
p = GimpGradientFile.GimpGradientFile(fp)
lut = p.getpalette()
except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
# import traceback
# traceback.print_exc()
pass
if not lut:
try:
from PIL import PaletteFile
fp.seek(0)
p = PaletteFile.PaletteFile(fp)
lut = p.getpalette()
except (SyntaxError, ValueError):
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
pass
if not lut:
raise IOError("cannot load palette")
return lut # data, rawmode

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# path interface
#
# History:
# 1996-11-04 fl Created
# 2002-04-14 fl Added documentation stub class
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
# the Python class below is overridden by the C implementation.
class Path:
def __init__(self, xy):
pass
##
# Compacts the path, by removing points that are close to each
# other. This method modifies the path in place.
def compact(self, distance=2):
pass
##
# Gets the bounding box.
def getbbox(self):
pass
##
# Maps the path through a function.
def map(self, function):
pass
##
# Converts the path to Python list.
#
# @param flat By default, this function returns a list of 2-tuples
# [(x, y), ...]. If this argument is true, it returns a flat
# list [x, y, ...] instead.
# @return A list of coordinates.
def tolist(self, flat=0):
pass
##
# Transforms the path.
def transform(self, matrix):
pass
# override with C implementation
Path = Image.core.path

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a simple Qt image interface.
#
# history:
# 2006-06-03 fl: created
# 2006-06-04 fl: inherit from QImage instead of wrapping it
# 2006-06-05 fl: removed toimage helper; move string support to ImageQt
# 2013-11-13 fl: add support for Qt5 (aurelien.ballier@cyclonit.com)
#
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2006 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL._util import isPath
import sys
if 'PyQt4.QtGui' not in sys.modules:
try:
from PyQt5.QtGui import QImage, qRgba
except:
try:
from PyQt4.QtGui import QImage, qRgba
except:
from PySide.QtGui import QImage, qRgba
else: #PyQt4 is used
from PyQt4.QtGui import QImage, qRgba
##
# (Internal) Turns an RGB color into a Qt compatible color integer.
def rgb(r, g, b, a=255):
# use qRgb to pack the colors, and then turn the resulting long
# into a negative integer with the same bitpattern.
return (qRgba(r, g, b, a) & 0xffffffff)
##
# An PIL image wrapper for Qt. This is a subclass of PyQt4's QImage
# class.
#
# @param im A PIL Image object, or a file name (given either as Python
# string or a PyQt string object).
class ImageQt(QImage):
def __init__(self, im):
data = None
colortable = None
# handle filename, if given instead of image name
if hasattr(im, "toUtf8"):
# FIXME - is this really the best way to do this?
im = unicode(im.toUtf8(), "utf-8")
if isPath(im):
im = Image.open(im)
if im.mode == "1":
format = QImage.Format_Mono
elif im.mode == "L":
format = QImage.Format_Indexed8
colortable = []
for i in range(256):
colortable.append(rgb(i, i, i))
elif im.mode == "P":
format = QImage.Format_Indexed8
colortable = []
palette = im.getpalette()
for i in range(0, len(palette), 3):
colortable.append(rgb(*palette[i:i+3]))
elif im.mode == "RGB":
data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRX")
format = QImage.Format_RGB32
elif im.mode == "RGBA":
try:
data = im.tobytes("raw", "BGRA")
except SystemError:
# workaround for earlier versions
r, g, b, a = im.split()
im = Image.merge("RGBA", (b, g, r, a))
format = QImage.Format_ARGB32
else:
raise ValueError("unsupported image mode %r" % im.mode)
# must keep a reference, or Qt will crash!
self.__data = data or im.tobytes()
QImage.__init__(self, self.__data, im.size[0], im.size[1], format)
if colortable:
self.setColorTable(colortable)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# sequence support classes
#
# history:
# 1997-02-20 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
class Iterator:
"""
This class implements an iterator object that can be used to loop
over an image sequence.
You can use the ``[]`` operator to access elements by index. This operator
will raise an :py:exc:`IndexError` if you try to access a nonexistent
frame.
:param im: An image object.
"""
def __init__(self, im):
if not hasattr(im, "seek"):
raise AttributeError("im must have seek method")
self.im = im
def __getitem__(self, ix):
try:
if ix:
self.im.seek(ix)
return self.im
except EOFError:
raise IndexError # end of sequence

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# im.show() drivers
#
# History:
# 2008-04-06 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 2008.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import Image
import os
import sys
if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
from shlex import quote
else:
from pipes import quote
_viewers = []
def register(viewer, order=1):
try:
if issubclass(viewer, Viewer):
viewer = viewer()
except TypeError:
pass # raised if viewer wasn't a class
if order > 0:
_viewers.append(viewer)
elif order < 0:
_viewers.insert(0, viewer)
##
# Displays a given image.
#
# @param image An image object.
# @param title Optional title. Not all viewers can display the title.
# @param **options Additional viewer options.
# @return True if a suitable viewer was found, false otherwise.
def show(image, title=None, **options):
for viewer in _viewers:
if viewer.show(image, title=title, **options):
return 1
return 0
##
# Base class for viewers.
class Viewer:
# main api
def show(self, image, **options):
# save temporary image to disk
if image.mode[:4] == "I;16":
# @PIL88 @PIL101
# "I;16" isn't an 'official' mode, but we still want to
# provide a simple way to show 16-bit images.
base = "L"
# FIXME: auto-contrast if max() > 255?
else:
base = Image.getmodebase(image.mode)
if base != image.mode and image.mode != "1":
image = image.convert(base)
return self.show_image(image, **options)
# hook methods
format = None
def get_format(self, image):
# return format name, or None to save as PGM/PPM
return self.format
def get_command(self, file, **options):
raise NotImplementedError
def save_image(self, image):
# save to temporary file, and return filename
return image._dump(format=self.get_format(image))
def show_image(self, image, **options):
# display given image
return self.show_file(self.save_image(image), **options)
def show_file(self, file, **options):
# display given file
os.system(self.get_command(file, **options))
return 1
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
if sys.platform == "win32":
class WindowsViewer(Viewer):
format = "BMP"
def get_command(self, file, **options):
return ('start "Pillow" /WAIT "%s" '
'&& ping -n 2 127.0.0.1 >NUL '
'&& del /f "%s"' % (file, file))
register(WindowsViewer)
elif sys.platform == "darwin":
class MacViewer(Viewer):
format = "BMP"
def get_command(self, file, **options):
# on darwin open returns immediately resulting in the temp
# file removal while app is opening
command = "open -a /Applications/Preview.app"
command = "(%s %s; sleep 20; rm -f %s)&" % (command, quote(file),
quote(file))
return command
register(MacViewer)
else:
# unixoids
def which(executable):
path = os.environ.get("PATH")
if not path:
return None
for dirname in path.split(os.pathsep):
filename = os.path.join(dirname, executable)
if os.path.isfile(filename):
# FIXME: make sure it's executable
return filename
return None
class UnixViewer(Viewer):
def show_file(self, file, **options):
command, executable = self.get_command_ex(file, **options)
command = "(%s %s; rm -f %s)&" % (command, quote(file),
quote(file))
os.system(command)
return 1
# implementations
class DisplayViewer(UnixViewer):
def get_command_ex(self, file, **options):
command = executable = "display"
return command, executable
if which("display"):
register(DisplayViewer)
class XVViewer(UnixViewer):
def get_command_ex(self, file, title=None, **options):
# note: xv is pretty outdated. most modern systems have
# imagemagick's display command instead.
command = executable = "xv"
if title:
command += " -name %s" % quote(title)
return command, executable
if which("xv"):
register(XVViewer)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# usage: python ImageShow.py imagefile [title]
print(show(Image.open(sys.argv[1]), *sys.argv[2:]))

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# global image statistics
#
# History:
# 1996-04-05 fl Created
# 1997-05-21 fl Added mask; added rms, var, stddev attributes
# 1997-08-05 fl Added median
# 1998-07-05 hk Fixed integer overflow error
#
# Notes:
# This class shows how to implement delayed evaluation of attributes.
# To get a certain value, simply access the corresponding attribute.
# The __getattr__ dispatcher takes care of the rest.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import math
import operator
from functools import reduce
class Stat:
def __init__(self, image_or_list, mask=None):
try:
if mask:
self.h = image_or_list.histogram(mask)
else:
self.h = image_or_list.histogram()
except AttributeError:
self.h = image_or_list # assume it to be a histogram list
if not isinstance(self.h, list):
raise TypeError("first argument must be image or list")
self.bands = list(range(len(self.h) // 256))
def __getattr__(self, id):
"Calculate missing attribute"
if id[:4] == "_get":
raise AttributeError(id)
# calculate missing attribute
v = getattr(self, "_get" + id)()
setattr(self, id, v)
return v
def _getextrema(self):
"Get min/max values for each band in the image"
def minmax(histogram):
n = 255
x = 0
for i in range(256):
if histogram[i]:
n = min(n, i)
x = max(x, i)
return n, x # returns (255, 0) if there's no data in the histogram
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
v.append(minmax(self.h[i:]))
return v
def _getcount(self):
"Get total number of pixels in each layer"
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
v.append(reduce(operator.add, self.h[i:i+256]))
return v
def _getsum(self):
"Get sum of all pixels in each layer"
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
sum = 0.0
for j in range(256):
sum += j * self.h[i + j]
v.append(sum)
return v
def _getsum2(self):
"Get squared sum of all pixels in each layer"
v = []
for i in range(0, len(self.h), 256):
sum2 = 0.0
for j in range(256):
sum2 += (j ** 2) * float(self.h[i + j])
v.append(sum2)
return v
def _getmean(self):
"Get average pixel level for each layer"
v = []
for i in self.bands:
v.append(self.sum[i] / self.count[i])
return v
def _getmedian(self):
"Get median pixel level for each layer"
v = []
for i in self.bands:
s = 0
l = self.count[i]//2
b = i * 256
for j in range(256):
s = s + self.h[b+j]
if s > l:
break
v.append(j)
return v
def _getrms(self):
"Get RMS for each layer"
v = []
for i in self.bands:
v.append(math.sqrt(self.sum2[i] / self.count[i]))
return v
def _getvar(self):
"Get variance for each layer"
v = []
for i in self.bands:
n = self.count[i]
v.append((self.sum2[i]-(self.sum[i]**2.0)/n)/n)
return v
def _getstddev(self):
"Get standard deviation for each layer"
v = []
for i in self.bands:
v.append(math.sqrt(self.var[i]))
return v
Global = Stat # compatibility

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a Tk display interface
#
# History:
# 96-04-08 fl Created
# 96-09-06 fl Added getimage method
# 96-11-01 fl Rewritten, removed image attribute and crop method
# 97-05-09 fl Use PyImagingPaste method instead of image type
# 97-05-12 fl Minor tweaks to match the IFUNC95 interface
# 97-05-17 fl Support the "pilbitmap" booster patch
# 97-06-05 fl Added file= and data= argument to image constructors
# 98-03-09 fl Added width and height methods to Image classes
# 98-07-02 fl Use default mode for "P" images without palette attribute
# 98-07-02 fl Explicitly destroy Tkinter image objects
# 99-07-24 fl Support multiple Tk interpreters (from Greg Couch)
# 99-07-26 fl Automatically hook into Tkinter (if possible)
# 99-08-15 fl Hook uses _imagingtk instead of _imaging
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-1999 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
try:
import tkinter
except ImportError:
import Tkinter
tkinter = Tkinter
del Tkinter
from PIL import Image
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check for Tkinter interface hooks
_pilbitmap_ok = None
def _pilbitmap_check():
global _pilbitmap_ok
if _pilbitmap_ok is None:
try:
im = Image.new("1", (1, 1))
tkinter.BitmapImage(data="PIL:%d" % im.im.id)
_pilbitmap_ok = 1
except tkinter.TclError:
_pilbitmap_ok = 0
return _pilbitmap_ok
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PhotoImage
class PhotoImage:
"""
A Tkinter-compatible photo image. This can be used
everywhere Tkinter expects an image object. If the image is an RGBA
image, pixels having alpha 0 are treated as transparent.
The constructor takes either a PIL image, or a mode and a size.
Alternatively, you can use the **file** or **data** options to initialize
the photo image object.
:param image: Either a PIL image, or a mode string. If a mode string is
used, a size must also be given.
:param size: If the first argument is a mode string, this defines the size
of the image.
:keyword file: A filename to load the image from (using
``Image.open(file)``).
:keyword data: An 8-bit string containing image data (as loaded from an
image file).
"""
def __init__(self, image=None, size=None, **kw):
# Tk compatibility: file or data
if image is None:
if "file" in kw:
image = Image.open(kw["file"])
del kw["file"]
elif "data" in kw:
from io import BytesIO
image = Image.open(BytesIO(kw["data"]))
del kw["data"]
if hasattr(image, "mode") and hasattr(image, "size"):
# got an image instead of a mode
mode = image.mode
if mode == "P":
# palette mapped data
image.load()
try:
mode = image.palette.mode
except AttributeError:
mode = "RGB" # default
size = image.size
kw["width"], kw["height"] = size
else:
mode = image
image = None
if mode not in ["1", "L", "RGB", "RGBA"]:
mode = Image.getmodebase(mode)
self.__mode = mode
self.__size = size
self.__photo = tkinter.PhotoImage(**kw)
self.tk = self.__photo.tk
if image:
self.paste(image)
def __del__(self):
name = self.__photo.name
self.__photo.name = None
try:
self.__photo.tk.call("image", "delete", name)
except:
pass # ignore internal errors
def __str__(self):
"""
Get the Tkinter photo image identifier. This method is automatically
called by Tkinter whenever a PhotoImage object is passed to a Tkinter
method.
:return: A Tkinter photo image identifier (a string).
"""
return str(self.__photo)
def width(self):
"""
Get the width of the image.
:return: The width, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[0]
def height(self):
"""
Get the height of the image.
:return: The height, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[1]
def paste(self, im, box=None):
"""
Paste a PIL image into the photo image. Note that this can
be very slow if the photo image is displayed.
:param im: A PIL image. The size must match the target region. If the
mode does not match, the image is converted to the mode of
the bitmap image.
:param box: A 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and lower pixel
coordinate. If None is given instead of a tuple, all of
the image is assumed.
"""
# convert to blittable
im.load()
image = im.im
if image.isblock() and im.mode == self.__mode:
block = image
else:
block = image.new_block(self.__mode, im.size)
image.convert2(block, image) # convert directly between buffers
tk = self.__photo.tk
try:
tk.call("PyImagingPhoto", self.__photo, block.id)
except tkinter.TclError:
# activate Tkinter hook
try:
from PIL import _imagingtk
try:
_imagingtk.tkinit(tk.interpaddr(), 1)
except AttributeError:
_imagingtk.tkinit(id(tk), 0)
tk.call("PyImagingPhoto", self.__photo, block.id)
except (ImportError, AttributeError, tkinter.TclError):
raise # configuration problem; cannot attach to Tkinter
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# BitmapImage
class BitmapImage:
"""
A Tkinter-compatible bitmap image. This can be used everywhere Tkinter
expects an image object.
The given image must have mode "1". Pixels having value 0 are treated as
transparent. Options, if any, are passed on to Tkinter. The most commonly
used option is **foreground**, which is used to specify the color for the
non-transparent parts. See the Tkinter documentation for information on
how to specify colours.
:param image: A PIL image.
"""
def __init__(self, image=None, **kw):
# Tk compatibility: file or data
if image is None:
if "file" in kw:
image = Image.open(kw["file"])
del kw["file"]
elif "data" in kw:
from io import BytesIO
image = Image.open(BytesIO(kw["data"]))
del kw["data"]
self.__mode = image.mode
self.__size = image.size
if _pilbitmap_check():
# fast way (requires the pilbitmap booster patch)
image.load()
kw["data"] = "PIL:%d" % image.im.id
self.__im = image # must keep a reference
else:
# slow but safe way
kw["data"] = image.tobitmap()
self.__photo = tkinter.BitmapImage(**kw)
def __del__(self):
name = self.__photo.name
self.__photo.name = None
try:
self.__photo.tk.call("image", "delete", name)
except:
pass # ignore internal errors
def width(self):
"""
Get the width of the image.
:return: The width, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[0]
def height(self):
"""
Get the height of the image.
:return: The height, in pixels.
"""
return self.__size[1]
def __str__(self):
"""
Get the Tkinter bitmap image identifier. This method is automatically
called by Tkinter whenever a BitmapImage object is passed to a Tkinter
method.
:return: A Tkinter bitmap image identifier (a string).
"""
return str(self.__photo)
def getimage(photo):
"""Copies the contents of a PhotoImage to a PIL image memory."""
photo.tk.call("PyImagingPhotoGet", photo)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Helper for the Image.show method.
def _show(image, title):
class UI(tkinter.Label):
def __init__(self, master, im):
if im.mode == "1":
self.image = BitmapImage(im, foreground="white", master=master)
else:
self.image = PhotoImage(im, master=master)
tkinter.Label.__init__(self, master, image=self.image,
bg="black", bd=0)
if not tkinter._default_root:
raise IOError("tkinter not initialized")
top = tkinter.Toplevel()
if title:
top.title(title)
UI(top, image).pack()

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# transform wrappers
#
# History:
# 2002-04-08 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 2002 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 2002 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
class Transform(Image.ImageTransformHandler):
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
def getdata(self):
return self.method, self.data
def transform(self, size, image, **options):
# can be overridden
method, data = self.getdata()
return image.transform(size, method, data, **options)
##
# Define an affine image transform.
# <p>
# This function takes a 6-tuple (<i>a, b, c, d, e, f</i>) which
# contain the first two rows from an affine transform matrix. For
# each pixel (<i>x, y</i>) in the output image, the new value is
# taken from a position (a <i>x</i> + b <i>y</i> + c,
# d <i>x</i> + e <i>y</i> + f) in the input image, rounded to
# nearest pixel.
# <p>
# This function can be used to scale, translate, rotate, and shear the
# original image.
#
# @def AffineTransform(matrix)
# @param matrix A 6-tuple (<i>a, b, c, d, e, f</i>) containing
# the first two rows from an affine transform matrix.
# @see Image#Image.transform
class AffineTransform(Transform):
method = Image.AFFINE
##
# Define a transform to extract a subregion from an image.
# <p>
# Maps a rectangle (defined by two corners) from the image to a
# rectangle of the given size. The resulting image will contain
# data sampled from between the corners, such that (<i>x0, y0</i>)
# in the input image will end up at (0,0) in the output image,
# and (<i>x1, y1</i>) at <i>size</i>.
# <p>
# This method can be used to crop, stretch, shrink, or mirror an
# arbitrary rectangle in the current image. It is slightly slower than
# <b>crop</b>, but about as fast as a corresponding <b>resize</b>
# operation.
#
# @def ExtentTransform(bbox)
# @param bbox A 4-tuple (<i>x0, y0, x1, y1</i>) which specifies
# two points in the input image's coordinate system.
# @see Image#Image.transform
class ExtentTransform(Transform):
method = Image.EXTENT
##
# Define an quad image transform.
# <p>
# Maps a quadrilateral (a region defined by four corners) from the
# image to a rectangle of the given size.
#
# @def QuadTransform(xy)
# @param xy An 8-tuple (<i>x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, y3, y3</i>) which
# contain the upper left, lower left, lower right, and upper right
# corner of the source quadrilateral.
# @see Image#Image.transform
class QuadTransform(Transform):
method = Image.QUAD
##
# Define an mesh image transform. A mesh transform consists of one
# or more individual quad transforms.
#
# @def MeshTransform(data)
# @param data A list of (bbox, quad) tuples.
# @see Image#Image.transform
class MeshTransform(Transform):
method = Image.MESH

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a Windows DIB display interface
#
# History:
# 1996-05-20 fl Created
# 1996-09-20 fl Fixed subregion exposure
# 1997-09-21 fl Added draw primitive (for tzPrint)
# 2003-05-21 fl Added experimental Window/ImageWindow classes
# 2003-09-05 fl Added fromstring/tostring methods
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2003.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-2003.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
import warnings
from PIL import Image
class HDC:
"""
Wraps an HDC integer. The resulting object can be passed to the
:py:meth:`~PIL.ImageWin.Dib.draw` and :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageWin.Dib.expose`
methods.
"""
def __init__(self, dc):
self.dc = dc
def __int__(self):
return self.dc
class HWND:
"""
Wraps an HWND integer. The resulting object can be passed to the
:py:meth:`~PIL.ImageWin.Dib.draw` and :py:meth:`~PIL.ImageWin.Dib.expose`
methods, instead of a DC.
"""
def __init__(self, wnd):
self.wnd = wnd
def __int__(self):
return self.wnd
class Dib:
"""
A Windows bitmap with the given mode and size. The mode can be one of "1",
"L", "P", or "RGB".
If the display requires a palette, this constructor creates a suitable
palette and associates it with the image. For an "L" image, 128 greylevels
are allocated. For an "RGB" image, a 6x6x6 colour cube is used, together
with 20 greylevels.
To make sure that palettes work properly under Windows, you must call the
**palette** method upon certain events from Windows.
:param image: Either a PIL image, or a mode string. If a mode string is
used, a size must also be given. The mode can be one of "1",
"L", "P", or "RGB".
:param size: If the first argument is a mode string, this
defines the size of the image.
"""
def __init__(self, image, size=None):
if hasattr(image, "mode") and hasattr(image, "size"):
mode = image.mode
size = image.size
else:
mode = image
image = None
if mode not in ["1", "L", "P", "RGB"]:
mode = Image.getmodebase(mode)
self.image = Image.core.display(mode, size)
self.mode = mode
self.size = size
if image:
self.paste(image)
def expose(self, handle):
"""
Copy the bitmap contents to a device context.
:param handle: Device context (HDC), cast to a Python integer, or an
HDC or HWND instance. In PythonWin, you can use the
:py:meth:`CDC.GetHandleAttrib` to get a suitable handle.
"""
if isinstance(handle, HWND):
dc = self.image.getdc(handle)
try:
result = self.image.expose(dc)
finally:
self.image.releasedc(handle, dc)
else:
result = self.image.expose(handle)
return result
def draw(self, handle, dst, src=None):
"""
Same as expose, but allows you to specify where to draw the image, and
what part of it to draw.
The destination and source areas are given as 4-tuple rectangles. If
the source is omitted, the entire image is copied. If the source and
the destination have different sizes, the image is resized as
necessary.
"""
if not src:
src = (0, 0) + self.size
if isinstance(handle, HWND):
dc = self.image.getdc(handle)
try:
result = self.image.draw(dc, dst, src)
finally:
self.image.releasedc(handle, dc)
else:
result = self.image.draw(handle, dst, src)
return result
def query_palette(self, handle):
"""
Installs the palette associated with the image in the given device
context.
This method should be called upon **QUERYNEWPALETTE** and
**PALETTECHANGED** events from Windows. If this method returns a
non-zero value, one or more display palette entries were changed, and
the image should be redrawn.
:param handle: Device context (HDC), cast to a Python integer, or an
HDC or HWND instance.
:return: A true value if one or more entries were changed (this
indicates that the image should be redrawn).
"""
if isinstance(handle, HWND):
handle = self.image.getdc(handle)
try:
result = self.image.query_palette(handle)
finally:
self.image.releasedc(handle, handle)
else:
result = self.image.query_palette(handle)
return result
def paste(self, im, box=None):
"""
Paste a PIL image into the bitmap image.
:param im: A PIL image. The size must match the target region.
If the mode does not match, the image is converted to the
mode of the bitmap image.
:param box: A 4-tuple defining the left, upper, right, and
lower pixel coordinate. If None is given instead of a
tuple, all of the image is assumed.
"""
im.load()
if self.mode != im.mode:
im = im.convert(self.mode)
if box:
self.image.paste(im.im, box)
else:
self.image.paste(im.im)
def frombytes(self, buffer):
"""
Load display memory contents from byte data.
:param buffer: A buffer containing display data (usually
data returned from <b>tobytes</b>)
"""
return self.image.frombytes(buffer)
def tobytes(self):
"""
Copy display memory contents to bytes object.
:return: A bytes object containing display data.
"""
return self.image.tobytes()
##
# Deprecated aliases to frombytes & tobytes.
def fromstring(self, *args, **kw):
warnings.warn(
'fromstring() is deprecated. Please call frombytes() instead.',
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2
)
return self.frombytes(*args, **kw)
def tostring(self):
warnings.warn(
'tostring() is deprecated. Please call tobytes() instead.',
DeprecationWarning,
stacklevel=2
)
return self.tobytes()
##
# Create a Window with the given title size.
class Window:
def __init__(self, title="PIL", width=None, height=None):
self.hwnd = Image.core.createwindow(
title, self.__dispatcher, width or 0, height or 0
)
def __dispatcher(self, action, *args):
return getattr(self, "ui_handle_" + action)(*args)
def ui_handle_clear(self, dc, x0, y0, x1, y1):
pass
def ui_handle_damage(self, x0, y0, x1, y1):
pass
def ui_handle_destroy(self):
pass
def ui_handle_repair(self, dc, x0, y0, x1, y1):
pass
def ui_handle_resize(self, width, height):
pass
def mainloop(self):
Image.core.eventloop()
##
# Create an image window which displays the given image.
class ImageWindow(Window):
def __init__(self, image, title="PIL"):
if not isinstance(image, Dib):
image = Dib(image)
self.image = image
width, height = image.size
Window.__init__(self, title, width=width, height=height)
def ui_handle_repair(self, dc, x0, y0, x1, y1):
self.image.draw(dc, (x0, y0, x1, y1))

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# IM Tools support for PIL
#
# history:
# 1996-05-27 fl Created (read 8-bit images only)
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.2)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2001.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-2001.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
import re
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
field = re.compile(br"([a-z]*) ([^ \r\n]*)")
##
# Image plugin for IM Tools images.
class ImtImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "IMT"
format_description = "IM Tools"
def _open(self):
# Quick rejection: if there's not a LF among the first
# 100 bytes, this is (probably) not a text header.
if b"\n" not in self.fp.read(100):
raise SyntaxError("not an IM file")
self.fp.seek(0)
xsize = ysize = 0
while True:
s = self.fp.read(1)
if not s:
break
if s == b'\x0C':
# image data begins
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size,
self.fp.tell(),
(self.mode, 0, 1))]
break
else:
# read key/value pair
# FIXME: dangerous, may read whole file
s = s + self.fp.readline()
if len(s) == 1 or len(s) > 100:
break
if s[0] == b"*":
continue # comment
m = field.match(s)
if not m:
break
k, v = m.group(1, 2)
if k == "width":
xsize = int(v)
self.size = xsize, ysize
elif k == "height":
ysize = int(v)
self.size = xsize, ysize
elif k == "pixel" and v == "n8":
self.mode = "L"
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("IMT", ImtImageFile)
#
# no extension registered (".im" is simply too common)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# IPTC/NAA file handling
#
# history:
# 1995-10-01 fl Created
# 1998-03-09 fl Cleaned up and added to PIL
# 2002-06-18 fl Added getiptcinfo helper
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2002.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
__version__ = "0.3"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
import os
import tempfile
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
o8 = _binary.o8
COMPRESSION = {
1: "raw",
5: "jpeg"
}
PAD = o8(0) * 4
#
# Helpers
def i(c):
return i32((PAD + c)[-4:])
def dump(c):
for i in c:
print("%02x" % i8(i), end=' ')
print()
##
# Image plugin for IPTC/NAA datastreams. To read IPTC/NAA fields
# from TIFF and JPEG files, use the <b>getiptcinfo</b> function.
class IptcImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "IPTC"
format_description = "IPTC/NAA"
def getint(self, key):
return i(self.info[key])
def field(self):
#
# get a IPTC field header
s = self.fp.read(5)
if not len(s):
return None, 0
tag = i8(s[1]), i8(s[2])
# syntax
if i8(s[0]) != 0x1C or tag[0] < 1 or tag[0] > 9:
raise SyntaxError("invalid IPTC/NAA file")
# field size
size = i8(s[3])
if size > 132:
raise IOError("illegal field length in IPTC/NAA file")
elif size == 128:
size = 0
elif size > 128:
size = i(self.fp.read(size-128))
else:
size = i16(s[3:])
return tag, size
def _open(self):
# load descriptive fields
while True:
offset = self.fp.tell()
tag, size = self.field()
if not tag or tag == (8, 10):
break
if size:
tagdata = self.fp.read(size)
else:
tagdata = None
if tag in list(self.info.keys()):
if isinstance(self.info[tag], list):
self.info[tag].append(tagdata)
else:
self.info[tag] = [self.info[tag], tagdata]
else:
self.info[tag] = tagdata
# print tag, self.info[tag]
# mode
layers = i8(self.info[(3, 60)][0])
component = i8(self.info[(3, 60)][1])
if (3, 65) in self.info:
id = i8(self.info[(3, 65)][0])-1
else:
id = 0
if layers == 1 and not component:
self.mode = "L"
elif layers == 3 and component:
self.mode = "RGB"[id]
elif layers == 4 and component:
self.mode = "CMYK"[id]
# size
self.size = self.getint((3, 20)), self.getint((3, 30))
# compression
try:
compression = COMPRESSION[self.getint((3, 120))]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("Unknown IPTC image compression")
# tile
if tag == (8, 10):
self.tile = [("iptc", (compression, offset),
(0, 0, self.size[0], self.size[1]))]
def load(self):
if len(self.tile) != 1 or self.tile[0][0] != "iptc":
return ImageFile.ImageFile.load(self)
type, tile, box = self.tile[0]
encoding, offset = tile
self.fp.seek(offset)
# Copy image data to temporary file
o_fd, outfile = tempfile.mkstemp(text=False)
o = os.fdopen(o_fd)
if encoding == "raw":
# To simplify access to the extracted file,
# prepend a PPM header
o.write("P5\n%d %d\n255\n" % self.size)
while True:
type, size = self.field()
if type != (8, 10):
break
while size > 0:
s = self.fp.read(min(size, 8192))
if not s:
break
o.write(s)
size -= len(s)
o.close()
try:
try:
# fast
self.im = Image.core.open_ppm(outfile)
except:
# slightly slower
im = Image.open(outfile)
im.load()
self.im = im.im
finally:
try:
os.unlink(outfile)
except:
pass
Image.register_open("IPTC", IptcImageFile)
Image.register_extension("IPTC", ".iim")
##
# Get IPTC information from TIFF, JPEG, or IPTC file.
#
# @param im An image containing IPTC data.
# @return A dictionary containing IPTC information, or None if
# no IPTC information block was found.
def getiptcinfo(im):
from PIL import TiffImagePlugin, JpegImagePlugin
import io
data = None
if isinstance(im, IptcImageFile):
# return info dictionary right away
return im.info
elif isinstance(im, JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile):
# extract the IPTC/NAA resource
try:
app = im.app["APP13"]
if app[:14] == b"Photoshop 3.0\x00":
app = app[14:]
# parse the image resource block
offset = 0
while app[offset:offset+4] == b"8BIM":
offset += 4
# resource code
code = JpegImagePlugin.i16(app, offset)
offset += 2
# resource name (usually empty)
name_len = i8(app[offset])
name = app[offset+1:offset+1+name_len]
offset = 1 + offset + name_len
if offset & 1:
offset += 1
# resource data block
size = JpegImagePlugin.i32(app, offset)
offset += 4
if code == 0x0404:
# 0x0404 contains IPTC/NAA data
data = app[offset:offset+size]
break
offset = offset + size
if offset & 1:
offset += 1
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
pass
elif isinstance(im, TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile):
# get raw data from the IPTC/NAA tag (PhotoShop tags the data
# as 4-byte integers, so we cannot use the get method...)
try:
data = im.tag.tagdata[TiffImagePlugin.IPTC_NAA_CHUNK]
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
pass
if data is None:
return None # no properties
# create an IptcImagePlugin object without initializing it
class FakeImage:
pass
im = FakeImage()
im.__class__ = IptcImageFile
# parse the IPTC information chunk
im.info = {}
im.fp = io.BytesIO(data)
try:
im._open()
except (IndexError, KeyError):
pass # expected failure
return im.info

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# JPEG2000 file handling
#
# History:
# 2014-03-12 ajh Created
#
# Copyright (c) 2014 Coriolis Systems Limited
# Copyright (c) 2014 Alastair Houghton
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
import struct
import os
import io
def _parse_codestream(fp):
"""Parse the JPEG 2000 codestream to extract the size and component
count from the SIZ marker segment, returning a PIL (size, mode) tuple."""
hdr = fp.read(2)
lsiz = struct.unpack('>H', hdr)[0]
siz = hdr + fp.read(lsiz - 2)
lsiz, rsiz, xsiz, ysiz, xosiz, yosiz, xtsiz, ytsiz, \
xtosiz, ytosiz, csiz \
= struct.unpack('>HHIIIIIIIIH', siz[:38])
ssiz = [None]*csiz
xrsiz = [None]*csiz
yrsiz = [None]*csiz
for i in range(csiz):
ssiz[i], xrsiz[i], yrsiz[i] \
= struct.unpack('>BBB', siz[36 + 3 * i:39 + 3 * i])
size = (xsiz - xosiz, ysiz - yosiz)
if csiz == 1:
if (yrsiz[0] & 0x7f) > 8:
mode = 'I;16'
else:
mode = 'L'
elif csiz == 2:
mode = 'LA'
elif csiz == 3:
mode = 'RGB'
elif csiz == 4:
mode = 'RGBA'
else:
mode = None
return (size, mode)
def _parse_jp2_header(fp):
"""Parse the JP2 header box to extract size, component count and
color space information, returning a PIL (size, mode) tuple."""
# Find the JP2 header box
header = None
while True:
lbox, tbox = struct.unpack('>I4s', fp.read(8))
if lbox == 1:
lbox = struct.unpack('>Q', fp.read(8))[0]
hlen = 16
else:
hlen = 8
if lbox < hlen:
raise SyntaxError('Invalid JP2 header length')
if tbox == b'jp2h':
header = fp.read(lbox - hlen)
break
else:
fp.seek(lbox - hlen, os.SEEK_CUR)
if header is None:
raise SyntaxError('could not find JP2 header')
size = None
mode = None
bpc = None
hio = io.BytesIO(header)
while True:
lbox, tbox = struct.unpack('>I4s', hio.read(8))
if lbox == 1:
lbox = struct.unpack('>Q', hio.read(8))[0]
hlen = 16
else:
hlen = 8
content = hio.read(lbox - hlen)
if tbox == b'ihdr':
height, width, nc, bpc, c, unkc, ipr \
= struct.unpack('>IIHBBBB', content)
size = (width, height)
if unkc:
if nc == 1 and (bpc & 0x7f) > 8:
mode = 'I;16'
elif nc == 1:
mode = 'L'
elif nc == 2:
mode = 'LA'
elif nc == 3:
mode = 'RGB'
elif nc == 4:
mode = 'RGBA'
break
elif tbox == b'colr':
meth, prec, approx = struct.unpack('>BBB', content[:3])
if meth == 1:
cs = struct.unpack('>I', content[3:7])[0]
if cs == 16: # sRGB
if nc == 1 and (bpc & 0x7f) > 8:
mode = 'I;16'
elif nc == 1:
mode = 'L'
elif nc == 3:
mode = 'RGB'
elif nc == 4:
mode = 'RGBA'
break
elif cs == 17: # grayscale
if nc == 1 and (bpc & 0x7f) > 8:
mode = 'I;16'
elif nc == 1:
mode = 'L'
elif nc == 2:
mode = 'LA'
break
elif cs == 18: # sYCC
if nc == 3:
mode = 'RGB'
elif nc == 4:
mode = 'RGBA'
break
return (size, mode)
##
# Image plugin for JPEG2000 images.
class Jpeg2KImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "JPEG2000"
format_description = "JPEG 2000 (ISO 15444)"
def _open(self):
sig = self.fp.read(4)
if sig == b'\xff\x4f\xff\x51':
self.codec = "j2k"
self.size, self.mode = _parse_codestream(self.fp)
else:
sig = sig + self.fp.read(8)
if sig == b'\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP \x0d\x0a\x87\x0a':
self.codec = "jp2"
self.size, self.mode = _parse_jp2_header(self.fp)
else:
raise SyntaxError('not a JPEG 2000 file')
if self.size is None or self.mode is None:
raise SyntaxError('unable to determine size/mode')
self.reduce = 0
self.layers = 0
fd = -1
length = -1
try:
fd = self.fp.fileno()
length = os.fstat(fd).st_size
except:
fd = -1
try:
pos = self.fp.tell()
self.fp.seek(0, 2)
length = self.fp.tell()
self.fp.seek(pos, 0)
except:
length = -1
self.tile = [('jpeg2k', (0, 0) + self.size, 0,
(self.codec, self.reduce, self.layers, fd, length))]
def load(self):
if self.reduce:
power = 1 << self.reduce
adjust = power >> 1
self.size = (int((self.size[0] + adjust) / power),
int((self.size[1] + adjust) / power))
if self.tile:
# Update the reduce and layers settings
t = self.tile[0]
t3 = (t[3][0], self.reduce, self.layers, t[3][3], t[3][4])
self.tile = [(t[0], (0, 0) + self.size, t[2], t3)]
ImageFile.ImageFile.load(self)
def _accept(prefix):
return (prefix[:4] == b'\xff\x4f\xff\x51'
or prefix[:12] == b'\x00\x00\x00\x0cjP \x0d\x0a\x87\x0a')
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# Save support
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if filename.endswith('.j2k'):
kind = 'j2k'
else:
kind = 'jp2'
# Get the keyword arguments
info = im.encoderinfo
offset = info.get('offset', None)
tile_offset = info.get('tile_offset', None)
tile_size = info.get('tile_size', None)
quality_mode = info.get('quality_mode', 'rates')
quality_layers = info.get('quality_layers', None)
num_resolutions = info.get('num_resolutions', 0)
cblk_size = info.get('codeblock_size', None)
precinct_size = info.get('precinct_size', None)
irreversible = info.get('irreversible', False)
progression = info.get('progression', 'LRCP')
cinema_mode = info.get('cinema_mode', 'no')
fd = -1
if hasattr(fp, "fileno"):
try:
fd = fp.fileno()
except:
fd = -1
im.encoderconfig = (
offset,
tile_offset,
tile_size,
quality_mode,
quality_layers,
num_resolutions,
cblk_size,
precinct_size,
irreversible,
progression,
cinema_mode,
fd
)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [('jpeg2k', (0, 0)+im.size, 0, kind)])
# ------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry stuff
Image.register_open('JPEG2000', Jpeg2KImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save('JPEG2000', _save)
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.jp2')
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.j2k')
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.jpc')
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.jpf')
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.jpx')
Image.register_extension('JPEG2000', '.j2c')
Image.register_mime('JPEG2000', 'image/jp2')
Image.register_mime('JPEG2000', 'image/jpx')

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# JPEG (JFIF) file handling
#
# See "Digital Compression and Coding of Continous-Tone Still Images,
# Part 1, Requirements and Guidelines" (CCITT T.81 / ISO 10918-1)
#
# History:
# 1995-09-09 fl Created
# 1995-09-13 fl Added full parser
# 1996-03-25 fl Added hack to use the IJG command line utilities
# 1996-05-05 fl Workaround Photoshop 2.5 CMYK polarity bug
# 1996-05-28 fl Added draft support, JFIF version (0.1)
# 1996-12-30 fl Added encoder options, added progression property (0.2)
# 1997-08-27 fl Save mode 1 images as BW (0.3)
# 1998-07-12 fl Added YCbCr to draft and save methods (0.4)
# 1998-10-19 fl Don't hang on files using 16-bit DQT's (0.4.1)
# 2001-04-16 fl Extract DPI settings from JFIF files (0.4.2)
# 2002-07-01 fl Skip pad bytes before markers; identify Exif files (0.4.3)
# 2003-04-25 fl Added experimental EXIF decoder (0.5)
# 2003-06-06 fl Added experimental EXIF GPSinfo decoder
# 2003-09-13 fl Extract COM markers
# 2009-09-06 fl Added icc_profile support (from Florian Hoech)
# 2009-03-06 fl Changed CMYK handling; always use Adobe polarity (0.6)
# 2009-03-08 fl Added subsampling support (from Justin Huff).
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-1996 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.6"
import array
import struct
import io
from struct import unpack
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, TiffImagePlugin, _binary
from PIL.JpegPresets import presets
from PIL._util import isStringType
i8 = _binary.i8
o8 = _binary.o8
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
#
# Parser
def Skip(self, marker):
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
def APP(self, marker):
#
# Application marker. Store these in the APP dictionary.
# Also look for well-known application markers.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
app = "APP%d" % (marker & 15)
self.app[app] = s # compatibility
self.applist.append((app, s))
if marker == 0xFFE0 and s[:4] == b"JFIF":
# extract JFIF information
self.info["jfif"] = version = i16(s, 5) # version
self.info["jfif_version"] = divmod(version, 256)
# extract JFIF properties
try:
jfif_unit = i8(s[7])
jfif_density = i16(s, 8), i16(s, 10)
except:
pass
else:
if jfif_unit == 1:
self.info["dpi"] = jfif_density
self.info["jfif_unit"] = jfif_unit
self.info["jfif_density"] = jfif_density
elif marker == 0xFFE1 and s[:5] == b"Exif\0":
# extract Exif information (incomplete)
self.info["exif"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:5] == b"FPXR\0":
# extract FlashPix information (incomplete)
self.info["flashpix"] = s # FIXME: value will change
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:12] == b"ICC_PROFILE\0":
# Since an ICC profile can be larger than the maximum size of
# a JPEG marker (64K), we need provisions to split it into
# multiple markers. The format defined by the ICC specifies
# one or more APP2 markers containing the following data:
# Identifying string ASCII "ICC_PROFILE\0" (12 bytes)
# Marker sequence number 1, 2, etc (1 byte)
# Number of markers Total of APP2's used (1 byte)
# Profile data (remainder of APP2 data)
# Decoders should use the marker sequence numbers to
# reassemble the profile, rather than assuming that the APP2
# markers appear in the correct sequence.
self.icclist.append(s)
elif marker == 0xFFEE and s[:5] == b"Adobe":
self.info["adobe"] = i16(s, 5)
# extract Adobe custom properties
try:
adobe_transform = i8(s[1])
except:
pass
else:
self.info["adobe_transform"] = adobe_transform
elif marker == 0xFFE2 and s[:4] == b"MPF\0":
# extract MPO information
self.info["mp"] = s[4:]
# offset is current location minus buffer size
# plus constant header size
self.info["mpoffset"] = self.fp.tell() - n + 4
def COM(self, marker):
#
# Comment marker. Store these in the APP dictionary.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
self.app["COM"] = s # compatibility
self.applist.append(("COM", s))
def SOF(self, marker):
#
# Start of frame marker. Defines the size and mode of the
# image. JPEG is colour blind, so we use some simple
# heuristics to map the number of layers to an appropriate
# mode. Note that this could be made a bit brighter, by
# looking for JFIF and Adobe APP markers.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
self.size = i16(s[3:]), i16(s[1:])
self.bits = i8(s[0])
if self.bits != 8:
raise SyntaxError("cannot handle %d-bit layers" % self.bits)
self.layers = i8(s[5])
if self.layers == 1:
self.mode = "L"
elif self.layers == 3:
self.mode = "RGB"
elif self.layers == 4:
self.mode = "CMYK"
else:
raise SyntaxError("cannot handle %d-layer images" % self.layers)
if marker in [0xFFC2, 0xFFC6, 0xFFCA, 0xFFCE]:
self.info["progressive"] = self.info["progression"] = 1
if self.icclist:
# fixup icc profile
self.icclist.sort() # sort by sequence number
if i8(self.icclist[0][13]) == len(self.icclist):
profile = []
for p in self.icclist:
profile.append(p[14:])
icc_profile = b"".join(profile)
else:
icc_profile = None # wrong number of fragments
self.info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
self.icclist = None
for i in range(6, len(s), 3):
t = s[i:i+3]
# 4-tuples: id, vsamp, hsamp, qtable
self.layer.append((t[0], i8(t[1])//16, i8(t[1]) & 15, i8(t[2])))
def DQT(self, marker):
#
# Define quantization table. Support baseline 8-bit tables
# only. Note that there might be more than one table in
# each marker.
# FIXME: The quantization tables can be used to estimate the
# compression quality.
n = i16(self.fp.read(2))-2
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, n)
while len(s):
if len(s) < 65:
raise SyntaxError("bad quantization table marker")
v = i8(s[0])
if v//16 == 0:
self.quantization[v & 15] = array.array("b", s[1:65])
s = s[65:]
else:
return # FIXME: add code to read 16-bit tables!
# raise SyntaxError, "bad quantization table element size"
#
# JPEG marker table
MARKER = {
0xFFC0: ("SOF0", "Baseline DCT", SOF),
0xFFC1: ("SOF1", "Extended Sequential DCT", SOF),
0xFFC2: ("SOF2", "Progressive DCT", SOF),
0xFFC3: ("SOF3", "Spatial lossless", SOF),
0xFFC4: ("DHT", "Define Huffman table", Skip),
0xFFC5: ("SOF5", "Differential sequential DCT", SOF),
0xFFC6: ("SOF6", "Differential progressive DCT", SOF),
0xFFC7: ("SOF7", "Differential spatial", SOF),
0xFFC8: ("JPG", "Extension", None),
0xFFC9: ("SOF9", "Extended sequential DCT (AC)", SOF),
0xFFCA: ("SOF10", "Progressive DCT (AC)", SOF),
0xFFCB: ("SOF11", "Spatial lossless DCT (AC)", SOF),
0xFFCC: ("DAC", "Define arithmetic coding conditioning", Skip),
0xFFCD: ("SOF13", "Differential sequential DCT (AC)", SOF),
0xFFCE: ("SOF14", "Differential progressive DCT (AC)", SOF),
0xFFCF: ("SOF15", "Differential spatial (AC)", SOF),
0xFFD0: ("RST0", "Restart 0", None),
0xFFD1: ("RST1", "Restart 1", None),
0xFFD2: ("RST2", "Restart 2", None),
0xFFD3: ("RST3", "Restart 3", None),
0xFFD4: ("RST4", "Restart 4", None),
0xFFD5: ("RST5", "Restart 5", None),
0xFFD6: ("RST6", "Restart 6", None),
0xFFD7: ("RST7", "Restart 7", None),
0xFFD8: ("SOI", "Start of image", None),
0xFFD9: ("EOI", "End of image", None),
0xFFDA: ("SOS", "Start of scan", Skip),
0xFFDB: ("DQT", "Define quantization table", DQT),
0xFFDC: ("DNL", "Define number of lines", Skip),
0xFFDD: ("DRI", "Define restart interval", Skip),
0xFFDE: ("DHP", "Define hierarchical progression", SOF),
0xFFDF: ("EXP", "Expand reference component", Skip),
0xFFE0: ("APP0", "Application segment 0", APP),
0xFFE1: ("APP1", "Application segment 1", APP),
0xFFE2: ("APP2", "Application segment 2", APP),
0xFFE3: ("APP3", "Application segment 3", APP),
0xFFE4: ("APP4", "Application segment 4", APP),
0xFFE5: ("APP5", "Application segment 5", APP),
0xFFE6: ("APP6", "Application segment 6", APP),
0xFFE7: ("APP7", "Application segment 7", APP),
0xFFE8: ("APP8", "Application segment 8", APP),
0xFFE9: ("APP9", "Application segment 9", APP),
0xFFEA: ("APP10", "Application segment 10", APP),
0xFFEB: ("APP11", "Application segment 11", APP),
0xFFEC: ("APP12", "Application segment 12", APP),
0xFFED: ("APP13", "Application segment 13", APP),
0xFFEE: ("APP14", "Application segment 14", APP),
0xFFEF: ("APP15", "Application segment 15", APP),
0xFFF0: ("JPG0", "Extension 0", None),
0xFFF1: ("JPG1", "Extension 1", None),
0xFFF2: ("JPG2", "Extension 2", None),
0xFFF3: ("JPG3", "Extension 3", None),
0xFFF4: ("JPG4", "Extension 4", None),
0xFFF5: ("JPG5", "Extension 5", None),
0xFFF6: ("JPG6", "Extension 6", None),
0xFFF7: ("JPG7", "Extension 7", None),
0xFFF8: ("JPG8", "Extension 8", None),
0xFFF9: ("JPG9", "Extension 9", None),
0xFFFA: ("JPG10", "Extension 10", None),
0xFFFB: ("JPG11", "Extension 11", None),
0xFFFC: ("JPG12", "Extension 12", None),
0xFFFD: ("JPG13", "Extension 13", None),
0xFFFE: ("COM", "Comment", COM)
}
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[0:1] == b"\377"
##
# Image plugin for JPEG and JFIF images.
class JpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "JPEG"
format_description = "JPEG (ISO 10918)"
def _open(self):
s = self.fp.read(1)
if i8(s[0]) != 255:
raise SyntaxError("not a JPEG file")
# Create attributes
self.bits = self.layers = 0
# JPEG specifics (internal)
self.layer = []
self.huffman_dc = {}
self.huffman_ac = {}
self.quantization = {}
self.app = {} # compatibility
self.applist = []
self.icclist = []
while True:
i = i8(s)
if i == 0xFF:
s = s + self.fp.read(1)
i = i16(s)
else:
# Skip non-0xFF junk
s = b"\xff"
continue
if i in MARKER:
name, description, handler = MARKER[i]
# print hex(i), name, description
if handler is not None:
handler(self, i)
if i == 0xFFDA: # start of scan
rawmode = self.mode
if self.mode == "CMYK":
rawmode = "CMYK;I" # assume adobe conventions
self.tile = [("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, 0,
(rawmode, ""))]
# self.__offset = self.fp.tell()
break
s = self.fp.read(1)
elif i == 0 or i == 0xFFFF:
# padded marker or junk; move on
s = b"\xff"
else:
raise SyntaxError("no marker found")
def draft(self, mode, size):
if len(self.tile) != 1:
return
d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
scale = 0
if a[0] == "RGB" and mode in ["L", "YCbCr"]:
self.mode = mode
a = mode, ""
if size:
scale = max(self.size[0] // size[0], self.size[1] // size[1])
for s in [8, 4, 2, 1]:
if scale >= s:
break
e = e[0], e[1], (e[2]-e[0]+s-1)//s+e[0], (e[3]-e[1]+s-1)//s+e[1]
self.size = ((self.size[0]+s-1)//s, (self.size[1]+s-1)//s)
scale = s
self.tile = [(d, e, o, a)]
self.decoderconfig = (scale, 0)
return self
def load_djpeg(self):
# ALTERNATIVE: handle JPEGs via the IJG command line utilities
import subprocess
import tempfile
import os
f, path = tempfile.mkstemp()
os.close(f)
if os.path.exists(self.filename):
subprocess.check_call(["djpeg", "-outfile", path, self.filename])
else:
raise ValueError("Invalid Filename")
try:
self.im = Image.core.open_ppm(path)
finally:
try:
os.unlink(path)
except:
pass
self.mode = self.im.mode
self.size = self.im.size
self.tile = []
def _getexif(self):
return _getexif(self)
def _getmp(self):
return _getmp(self)
def _fixup(value):
# Helper function for _getexif() and _getmp()
if len(value) == 1:
return value[0]
return value
def _getexif(self):
# Extract EXIF information. This method is highly experimental,
# and is likely to be replaced with something better in a future
# version.
# The EXIF record consists of a TIFF file embedded in a JPEG
# application marker (!).
try:
data = self.info["exif"]
except KeyError:
return None
file = io.BytesIO(data[6:])
head = file.read(8)
exif = {}
# process dictionary
info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory(head)
info.load(file)
for key, value in info.items():
exif[key] = _fixup(value)
# get exif extension
try:
file.seek(exif[0x8769])
except KeyError:
pass
else:
info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory(head)
info.load(file)
for key, value in info.items():
exif[key] = _fixup(value)
# get gpsinfo extension
try:
file.seek(exif[0x8825])
except KeyError:
pass
else:
info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory(head)
info.load(file)
exif[0x8825] = gps = {}
for key, value in info.items():
gps[key] = _fixup(value)
return exif
def _getmp(self):
# Extract MP information. This method was inspired by the "highly
# experimental" _getexif version that's been in use for years now,
# itself based on the ImageFileDirectory class in the TIFF plug-in.
# The MP record essentially consists of a TIFF file embedded in a JPEG
# application marker.
try:
data = self.info["mp"]
except KeyError:
return None
file = io.BytesIO(data)
head = file.read(8)
endianness = '>' if head[:4] == b'\x4d\x4d\x00\x2a' else '<'
mp = {}
# process dictionary
info = TiffImagePlugin.ImageFileDirectory(head)
info.load(file)
for key, value in info.items():
mp[key] = _fixup(value)
# it's an error not to have a number of images
try:
quant = mp[0xB001]
except KeyError:
raise SyntaxError("malformed MP Index (no number of images)")
# get MP entries
try:
mpentries = []
for entrynum in range(0, quant):
rawmpentry = mp[0xB002][entrynum * 16:(entrynum + 1) * 16]
unpackedentry = unpack('{0}LLLHH'.format(endianness), rawmpentry)
labels = ('Attribute', 'Size', 'DataOffset', 'EntryNo1',
'EntryNo2')
mpentry = dict(zip(labels, unpackedentry))
mpentryattr = {
'DependentParentImageFlag': bool(mpentry['Attribute'] &
(1 << 31)),
'DependentChildImageFlag': bool(mpentry['Attribute'] &
(1 << 30)),
'RepresentativeImageFlag': bool(mpentry['Attribute'] &
(1 << 29)),
'Reserved': (mpentry['Attribute'] & (3 << 27)) >> 27,
'ImageDataFormat': (mpentry['Attribute'] & (7 << 24)) >> 24,
'MPType': mpentry['Attribute'] & 0x00FFFFFF
}
if mpentryattr['ImageDataFormat'] == 0:
mpentryattr['ImageDataFormat'] = 'JPEG'
else:
raise SyntaxError("unsupported picture format in MPO")
mptypemap = {
0x000000: 'Undefined',
0x010001: 'Large Thumbnail (VGA Equivalent)',
0x010002: 'Large Thumbnail (Full HD Equivalent)',
0x020001: 'Multi-Frame Image (Panorama)',
0x020002: 'Multi-Frame Image: (Disparity)',
0x020003: 'Multi-Frame Image: (Multi-Angle)',
0x030000: 'Baseline MP Primary Image'
}
mpentryattr['MPType'] = mptypemap.get(mpentryattr['MPType'],
'Unknown')
mpentry['Attribute'] = mpentryattr
mpentries.append(mpentry)
mp[0xB002] = mpentries
except KeyError:
raise SyntaxError("malformed MP Index (bad MP Entry)")
# Next we should try and parse the individual image unique ID list;
# we don't because I've never seen this actually used in a real MPO
# file and so can't test it.
return mp
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# stuff to save JPEG files
RAWMODE = {
"1": "L",
"L": "L",
"RGB": "RGB",
"RGBA": "RGB",
"RGBX": "RGB",
"CMYK": "CMYK;I", # assume adobe conventions
"YCbCr": "YCbCr",
}
zigzag_index = ( 0, 1, 5, 6, 14, 15, 27, 28,
2, 4, 7, 13, 16, 26, 29, 42,
3, 8, 12, 17, 25, 30, 41, 43,
9, 11, 18, 24, 31, 40, 44, 53,
10, 19, 23, 32, 39, 45, 52, 54,
20, 22, 33, 38, 46, 51, 55, 60,
21, 34, 37, 47, 50, 56, 59, 61,
35, 36, 48, 49, 57, 58, 62, 63)
samplings = {(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1): 0,
(2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1): 1,
(2, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1): 2,
}
def convert_dict_qtables(qtables):
qtables = [qtables[key] for key in range(len(qtables)) if key in qtables]
for idx, table in enumerate(qtables):
qtables[idx] = [table[i] for i in zigzag_index]
return qtables
def get_sampling(im):
# There's no subsampling when image have only 1 layer
# (grayscale images) or when they are CMYK (4 layers),
# so set subsampling to default value.
#
# NOTE: currently Pillow can't encode JPEG to YCCK format.
# If YCCK support is added in the future, subsampling code will have
# to be updated (here and in JpegEncode.c) to deal with 4 layers.
if not hasattr(im, 'layers') or im.layers in (1, 4):
return -1
sampling = im.layer[0][1:3] + im.layer[1][1:3] + im.layer[2][1:3]
return samplings.get(sampling, -1)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
try:
rawmode = RAWMODE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as JPEG" % im.mode)
info = im.encoderinfo
dpi = info.get("dpi", (0, 0))
quality = info.get("quality", 0)
subsampling = info.get("subsampling", -1)
qtables = info.get("qtables")
if quality == "keep":
quality = 0
subsampling = "keep"
qtables = "keep"
elif quality in presets:
preset = presets[quality]
quality = 0
subsampling = preset.get('subsampling', -1)
qtables = preset.get('quantization')
elif not isinstance(quality, int):
raise ValueError("Invalid quality setting")
else:
if subsampling in presets:
subsampling = presets[subsampling].get('subsampling', -1)
if isStringType(qtables) and qtables in presets:
qtables = presets[qtables].get('quantization')
if subsampling == "4:4:4":
subsampling = 0
elif subsampling == "4:2:2":
subsampling = 1
elif subsampling == "4:1:1":
subsampling = 2
elif subsampling == "keep":
if im.format != "JPEG":
raise ValueError(
"Cannot use 'keep' when original image is not a JPEG")
subsampling = get_sampling(im)
def validate_qtables(qtables):
if qtables is None:
return qtables
if isStringType(qtables):
try:
lines = [int(num) for line in qtables.splitlines()
for num in line.split('#', 1)[0].split()]
except ValueError:
raise ValueError("Invalid quantization table")
else:
qtables = [lines[s:s+64] for s in range(0, len(lines), 64)]
if isinstance(qtables, (tuple, list, dict)):
if isinstance(qtables, dict):
qtables = convert_dict_qtables(qtables)
elif isinstance(qtables, tuple):
qtables = list(qtables)
if not (0 < len(qtables) < 5):
raise ValueError("None or too many quantization tables")
for idx, table in enumerate(qtables):
try:
if len(table) != 64:
raise
table = array.array('b', table)
except TypeError:
raise ValueError("Invalid quantization table")
else:
qtables[idx] = list(table)
return qtables
if qtables == "keep":
if im.format != "JPEG":
raise ValueError(
"Cannot use 'keep' when original image is not a JPEG")
qtables = getattr(im, "quantization", None)
qtables = validate_qtables(qtables)
extra = b""
icc_profile = info.get("icc_profile")
if icc_profile:
ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN = 14
MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER = 65533
MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER = MAX_BYTES_IN_MARKER - ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN
markers = []
while icc_profile:
markers.append(icc_profile[:MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER])
icc_profile = icc_profile[MAX_DATA_BYTES_IN_MARKER:]
i = 1
for marker in markers:
size = struct.pack(">H", 2 + ICC_OVERHEAD_LEN + len(marker))
extra += (b"\xFF\xE2" + size + b"ICC_PROFILE\0" + o8(i) +
o8(len(markers)) + marker)
i += 1
# get keyword arguments
im.encoderconfig = (
quality,
# "progressive" is the official name, but older documentation
# says "progression"
# FIXME: issue a warning if the wrong form is used (post-1.1.7)
"progressive" in info or "progression" in info,
info.get("smooth", 0),
"optimize" in info,
info.get("streamtype", 0),
dpi[0], dpi[1],
subsampling,
qtables,
extra,
info.get("exif", b"")
)
# if we optimize, libjpeg needs a buffer big enough to hold the whole image
# in a shot. Guessing on the size, at im.size bytes. (raw pizel size is
# channels*size, this is a value that's been used in a django patch.
# https://github.com/jdriscoll/django-imagekit/issues/50
bufsize = 0
if "optimize" in info or "progressive" in info or "progression" in info:
if quality >= 95:
bufsize = 2 * im.size[0] * im.size[1]
else:
bufsize = im.size[0] * im.size[1]
# The exif info needs to be written as one block, + APP1, + one spare byte.
# Ensure that our buffer is big enough
bufsize = max(ImageFile.MAXBLOCK, bufsize, len(info.get("exif", b"")) + 5)
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("jpeg", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, rawmode)], bufsize)
def _save_cjpeg(im, fp, filename):
# ALTERNATIVE: handle JPEGs via the IJG command line utilities.
import os
import subprocess
tempfile = im._dump()
subprocess.check_call(["cjpeg", "-outfile", filename, tempfile])
try:
os.unlink(file)
except:
pass
##
# Factory for making JPEG and MPO instances
def jpeg_factory(fp=None, filename=None):
im = JpegImageFile(fp, filename)
mpheader = im._getmp()
try:
if mpheader[45057] > 1:
# It's actually an MPO
from .MpoImagePlugin import MpoImageFile
im = MpoImageFile(fp, filename)
except (TypeError, IndexError):
# It is really a JPEG
pass
return im
# -------------------------------------------------------------------q-
# Registry stuff
Image.register_open("JPEG", jpeg_factory, _accept)
Image.register_save("JPEG", _save)
Image.register_extension("JPEG", ".jfif")
Image.register_extension("JPEG", ".jpe")
Image.register_extension("JPEG", ".jpg")
Image.register_extension("JPEG", ".jpeg")
Image.register_mime("JPEG", "image/jpeg")

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@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
"""
JPEG quality settings equivalent to the Photoshop settings.
More presets can be added to the presets dict if needed.
Can be use when saving JPEG file.
To apply the preset, specify::
quality="preset_name"
To apply only the quantization table::
qtables="preset_name"
To apply only the subsampling setting::
subsampling="preset_name"
Example::
im.save("image_name.jpg", quality="web_high")
Subsampling
-----------
Subsampling is the practice of encoding images by implementing less resolution
for chroma information than for luma information.
(ref.: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_subsampling)
Possible subsampling values are 0, 1 and 2 that correspond to 4:4:4, 4:2:2 and
4:1:1 (or 4:2:0?).
You can get the subsampling of a JPEG with the
`JpegImagePlugin.get_subsampling(im)` function.
Quantization tables
-------------------
They are values use by the DCT (Discrete cosine transform) to remove
*unnecessary* information from the image (the lossy part of the compression).
(ref.: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantization_matrix#Quantization_matrices,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG#Quantization)
You can get the quantization tables of a JPEG with::
im.quantization
This will return a dict with a number of arrays. You can pass this dict
directly as the qtables argument when saving a JPEG.
The tables format between im.quantization and quantization in presets differ in
3 ways:
1. The base container of the preset is a list with sublists instead of dict.
dict[0] -> list[0], dict[1] -> list[1], ...
2. Each table in a preset is a list instead of an array.
3. The zigzag order is remove in the preset (needed by libjpeg >= 6a).
You can convert the dict format to the preset format with the
`JpegImagePlugin.convert_dict_qtables(dict_qtables)` function.
Libjpeg ref.: http://www.jpegcameras.com/libjpeg/libjpeg-3.html
"""
presets = {
'web_low': {'subsampling': 2, # "4:1:1"
'quantization': [
[20, 16, 25, 39, 50, 46, 62, 68,
16, 18, 23, 38, 38, 53, 65, 68,
25, 23, 31, 38, 53, 65, 68, 68,
39, 38, 38, 53, 65, 68, 68, 68,
50, 38, 53, 65, 68, 68, 68, 68,
46, 53, 65, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68,
62, 65, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68,
68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68],
[21, 25, 32, 38, 54, 68, 68, 68,
25, 28, 24, 38, 54, 68, 68, 68,
32, 24, 32, 43, 66, 68, 68, 68,
38, 38, 43, 53, 68, 68, 68, 68,
54, 54, 66, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68,
68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68,
68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68,
68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 68]
]},
'web_medium': {'subsampling': 2, # "4:1:1"
'quantization': [
[16, 11, 11, 16, 23, 27, 31, 30,
11, 12, 12, 15, 20, 23, 23, 30,
11, 12, 13, 16, 23, 26, 35, 47,
16, 15, 16, 23, 26, 37, 47, 64,
23, 20, 23, 26, 39, 51, 64, 64,
27, 23, 26, 37, 51, 64, 64, 64,
31, 23, 35, 47, 64, 64, 64, 64,
30, 30, 47, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64],
[17, 15, 17, 21, 20, 26, 38, 48,
15, 19, 18, 17, 20, 26, 35, 43,
17, 18, 20, 22, 26, 30, 46, 53,
21, 17, 22, 28, 30, 39, 53, 64,
20, 20, 26, 30, 39, 48, 64, 64,
26, 26, 30, 39, 48, 63, 64, 64,
38, 35, 46, 53, 64, 64, 64, 64,
48, 43, 53, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]
]},
'web_high': {'subsampling': 0, # "4:4:4"
'quantization': [
[ 6, 4, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 16,
4, 5, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 12,
4, 5, 5, 6, 10, 12, 14, 19,
6, 6, 6, 11, 12, 15, 19, 28,
9, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 27, 31,
11, 10, 12, 15, 20, 27, 31, 31,
12, 12, 14, 19, 27, 31, 31, 31,
16, 12, 19, 28, 31, 31, 31, 31],
[ 7, 7, 13, 24, 26, 31, 31, 31,
7, 12, 16, 21, 31, 31, 31, 31,
13, 16, 17, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31,
24, 21, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31,
26, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31,
31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31,
31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31,
31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31]
]},
'web_very_high': {'subsampling': 0, # "4:4:4"
'quantization': [
[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
2, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9,
2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12,
3, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 12,
4, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 12, 12,
5, 5, 7, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12,
6, 6, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12],
[ 3, 3, 5, 9, 13, 15, 15, 15,
3, 4, 6, 11, 14, 12, 12, 12,
5, 6, 9, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12,
9, 11, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
13, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]
]},
'web_maximum': {'subsampling': 0, # "4:4:4"
'quantization': [
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3,
1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3,
1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3,
1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3],
[ 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3,
1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3,
1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]
]},
'low': {'subsampling': 2, # "4:1:1"
'quantization': [
[18, 14, 14, 21, 30, 35, 34, 17,
14, 16, 16, 19, 26, 23, 12, 12,
14, 16, 17, 21, 23, 12, 12, 12,
21, 19, 21, 23, 12, 12, 12, 12,
30, 26, 23, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
35, 23, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
34, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12],
[20, 19, 22, 27, 20, 20, 17, 17,
19, 25, 23, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12,
22, 23, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12,
27, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]
]},
'medium': {'subsampling': 2, # "4:1:1"
'quantization': [
[12, 8, 8, 12, 17, 21, 24, 17,
8, 9, 9, 11, 15, 19, 12, 12,
8, 9, 10, 12, 19, 12, 12, 12,
12, 11, 12, 21, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 15, 19, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
21, 19, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
24, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12],
[13, 11, 13, 16, 20, 20, 17, 17,
11, 14, 14, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12,
13, 14, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12,
16, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]
]},
'high': {'subsampling': 0, # "4:4:4"
'quantization': [
[ 6, 4, 4, 6, 9, 11, 12, 16,
4, 5, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 12,
4, 5, 5, 6, 10, 12, 12, 12,
6, 6, 6, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12,
9, 8, 10, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
11, 10, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
16, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12],
[ 7, 7, 13, 24, 20, 20, 17, 17,
7, 12, 16, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12,
13, 16, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12,
24, 14, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
20, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
17, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]
]},
'maximum': {'subsampling': 0, # "4:4:4"
'quantization': [
[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
2, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9,
2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12,
3, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 12,
4, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 12, 12,
5, 5, 7, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12,
6, 6, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12],
[ 3, 3, 5, 9, 13, 15, 15, 15,
3, 4, 6, 10, 14, 12, 12, 12,
5, 6, 9, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12,
9, 10, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
13, 14, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
15, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12]
]},
}

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Basic McIdas support for PIL
#
# History:
# 1997-05-05 fl Created (8-bit images only)
# 2009-03-08 fl Added 16/32-bit support.
#
# Thanks to Richard Jones and Craig Swank for specs and samples.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
import struct
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
def _accept(s):
return s[:8] == b"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x04"
##
# Image plugin for McIdas area images.
class McIdasImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "MCIDAS"
format_description = "McIdas area file"
def _open(self):
# parse area file directory
s = self.fp.read(256)
if not _accept(s) or len(s) != 256:
raise SyntaxError("not an McIdas area file")
self.area_descriptor_raw = s
self.area_descriptor = w = [0] + list(struct.unpack("!64i", s))
# get mode
if w[11] == 1:
mode = rawmode = "L"
elif w[11] == 2:
# FIXME: add memory map support
mode = "I"
rawmode = "I;16B"
elif w[11] == 4:
# FIXME: add memory map support
mode = "I"
rawmode = "I;32B"
else:
raise SyntaxError("unsupported McIdas format")
self.mode = mode
self.size = w[10], w[9]
offset = w[34] + w[15]
stride = w[15] + w[10]*w[11]*w[14]
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, (rawmode, stride, 1))]
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# registry
Image.register_open("MCIDAS", McIdasImageFile, _accept)
# no default extension

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Microsoft Image Composer support for PIL
#
# Notes:
# uses TiffImagePlugin.py to read the actual image streams
#
# History:
# 97-01-20 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, TiffImagePlugin
from PIL.OleFileIO import *
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:8] == MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for Microsoft's Image Composer file format.
class MicImageFile(TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile):
format = "MIC"
format_description = "Microsoft Image Composer"
def _open(self):
# read the OLE directory and see if this is a likely
# to be a Microsoft Image Composer file
try:
self.ole = OleFileIO(self.fp)
except IOError:
raise SyntaxError("not an MIC file; invalid OLE file")
# find ACI subfiles with Image members (maybe not the
# best way to identify MIC files, but what the... ;-)
self.images = []
for file in self.ole.listdir():
if file[1:] and file[0][-4:] == ".ACI" and file[1] == "Image":
self.images.append(file)
# if we didn't find any images, this is probably not
# an MIC file.
if not self.images:
raise SyntaxError("not an MIC file; no image entries")
self.__fp = self.fp
self.frame = 0
if len(self.images) > 1:
self.category = Image.CONTAINER
self.seek(0)
def seek(self, frame):
try:
filename = self.images[frame]
except IndexError:
raise EOFError("no such frame")
self.fp = self.ole.openstream(filename)
TiffImagePlugin.TiffImageFile._open(self)
self.frame = frame
def tell(self):
return self.frame
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("MIC", MicImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("MIC", ".mic")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# MPEG file handling
#
# History:
# 95-09-09 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL._binary import i8
#
# Bitstream parser
class BitStream:
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
self.bits = 0
self.bitbuffer = 0
def next(self):
return i8(self.fp.read(1))
def peek(self, bits):
while self.bits < bits:
c = self.next()
if c < 0:
self.bits = 0
continue
self.bitbuffer = (self.bitbuffer << 8) + c
self.bits += 8
return self.bitbuffer >> (self.bits - bits) & (1 << bits) - 1
def skip(self, bits):
while self.bits < bits:
self.bitbuffer = (self.bitbuffer << 8) + i8(self.fp.read(1))
self.bits += 8
self.bits = self.bits - bits
def read(self, bits):
v = self.peek(bits)
self.bits = self.bits - bits
return v
##
# Image plugin for MPEG streams. This plugin can identify a stream,
# but it cannot read it.
class MpegImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "MPEG"
format_description = "MPEG"
def _open(self):
s = BitStream(self.fp)
if s.read(32) != 0x1B3:
raise SyntaxError("not an MPEG file")
self.mode = "RGB"
self.size = s.read(12), s.read(12)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry stuff
Image.register_open("MPEG", MpegImageFile)
Image.register_extension("MPEG", ".mpg")
Image.register_extension("MPEG", ".mpeg")
Image.register_mime("MPEG", "video/mpeg")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# MPO file handling
#
# See "Multi-Picture Format" (CIPA DC-007-Translation 2009, Standard of the
# Camera & Imaging Products Association)
#
# The multi-picture object combines multiple JPEG images (with a modified EXIF
# data format) into a single file. While it can theoretically be used much like
# a GIF animation, it is commonly used to represent 3D photographs and is (as
# of this writing) the most commonly used format by 3D cameras.
#
# History:
# 2014-03-13 Feneric Created
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, JpegImagePlugin
def _accept(prefix):
return JpegImagePlugin._accept(prefix)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
# Note that we can only save the current frame at present
return JpegImagePlugin._save(im, fp, filename)
##
# Image plugin for MPO images.
class MpoImageFile(JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile):
format = "MPO"
format_description = "MPO (CIPA DC-007)"
def _open(self):
self.fp.seek(0) # prep the fp in order to pass the JPEG test
JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile._open(self)
self.mpinfo = self._getmp()
self.__framecount = self.mpinfo[0xB001]
self.__mpoffsets = [mpent['DataOffset'] + self.info['mpoffset']
for mpent in self.mpinfo[0xB002]]
self.__mpoffsets[0] = 0
# Note that the following assertion will only be invalid if something
# gets broken within JpegImagePlugin.
assert self.__framecount == len(self.__mpoffsets)
del self.info['mpoffset'] # no longer needed
self.__fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
self.__fp.seek(self.__mpoffsets[0]) # get ready to read first frame
self.__frame = 0
self.offset = 0
# for now we can only handle reading and individual frame extraction
self.readonly = 1
def load_seek(self, pos):
self.__fp.seek(pos)
def seek(self, frame):
if frame < 0 or frame >= self.__framecount:
raise EOFError("no more images in MPO file")
else:
self.fp = self.__fp
self.offset = self.__mpoffsets[frame]
self.tile = [
("jpeg", (0, 0) + self.size, self.offset, (self.mode, ""))
]
self.__frame = frame
def tell(self):
return self.__frame
# -------------------------------------------------------------------q-
# Registry stuff
# Note that since MPO shares a factory with JPEG, we do not need to do a
# separate registration for it here.
# Image.register_open("MPO", JpegImagePlugin.jpeg_factory, _accept)
Image.register_save("MPO", _save)
Image.register_extension("MPO", ".mpo")
Image.register_mime("MPO", "image/mpo")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# MSP file handling
#
# This is the format used by the Paint program in Windows 1 and 2.
#
# History:
# 95-09-05 fl Created
# 97-01-03 fl Read/write MSP images
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
#
# read MSP files
i16 = _binary.i16le
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] in [b"DanM", b"LinS"]
##
# Image plugin for Windows MSP images. This plugin supports both
# uncompressed (Windows 1.0).
class MspImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "MSP"
format_description = "Windows Paint"
def _open(self):
# Header
s = self.fp.read(32)
if s[:4] not in [b"DanM", b"LinS"]:
raise SyntaxError("not an MSP file")
# Header checksum
sum = 0
for i in range(0, 32, 2):
sum = sum ^ i16(s[i:i+2])
if sum != 0:
raise SyntaxError("bad MSP checksum")
self.mode = "1"
self.size = i16(s[4:]), i16(s[6:])
if s[:4] == b"DanM":
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))]
else:
self.tile = [("msp", (0, 0)+self.size, 32+2*self.size[1], None)]
#
# write MSP files (uncompressed only)
o16 = _binary.o16le
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode != "1":
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as MSP" % im.mode)
# create MSP header
header = [0] * 16
header[0], header[1] = i16(b"Da"), i16(b"nM") # version 1
header[2], header[3] = im.size
header[4], header[5] = 1, 1
header[6], header[7] = 1, 1
header[8], header[9] = im.size
sum = 0
for h in header:
sum = sum ^ h
header[12] = sum # FIXME: is this the right field?
# header
for h in header:
fp.write(o16(h))
# image body
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 32, ("1", 0, 1))])
#
# registry
Image.register_open("MSP", MspImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("MSP", _save)
Image.register_extension("MSP", ".msp")

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OleFileIO_PL
============
[OleFileIO_PL](http://www.decalage.info/python/olefileio) is a Python module to parse and read [Microsoft OLE2 files (also called Structured Storage, Compound File Binary Format or Compound Document File Format)](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_File_Binary_Format), such as Microsoft Office documents, Image Composer and FlashPix files, Outlook messages, StickyNotes, several Microscopy file formats ...
This is an improved version of the OleFileIO module from [PIL](http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/index.htm), the excellent Python Imaging Library, created and maintained by Fredrik Lundh. The API is still compatible with PIL, but since 2005 I have improved the internal implementation significantly, with new features, bugfixes and a more robust design.
As far as I know, this module is now the most complete and robust Python implementation to read MS OLE2 files, portable on several operating systems. (please tell me if you know other similar Python modules)
OleFileIO_PL can be used as an independent module or with PIL. The goal is to have it integrated into [Pillow](http://python-pillow.github.io/), the friendly fork of PIL.
OleFileIO\_PL is mostly meant for developers. If you are looking for tools to analyze OLE files or to extract data, then please also check [python-oletools](http://www.decalage.info/python/oletools), which are built upon OleFileIO_PL.
News
----
Follow all updates and news on Twitter: <https://twitter.com/decalage2>
- **2014-02-04 v0.30**: now compatible with Python 3.x, thanks to Martin Panter who did most of the hard work.
- 2013-07-24 v0.26: added methods to parse stream/storage timestamps, improved listdir to include storages, fixed parsing of direntry timestamps
- 2013-05-27 v0.25: improved metadata extraction, properties parsing and exception handling, fixed [issue #12](https://bitbucket.org/decalage/olefileio_pl/issue/12/error-when-converting-timestamps-in-ole)
- 2013-05-07 v0.24: new features to extract metadata (get\_metadata method and OleMetadata class), improved getproperties to convert timestamps to Python datetime
- 2012-10-09: published [python-oletools](http://www.decalage.info/python/oletools), a package of analysis tools based on OleFileIO_PL
- 2012-09-11 v0.23: added support for file-like objects, fixed [issue #8](https://bitbucket.org/decalage/olefileio_pl/issue/8/bug-with-file-object)
- 2012-02-17 v0.22: fixed issues #7 (bug in getproperties) and #2 (added close method)
- 2011-10-20: code hosted on bitbucket to ease contributions and bug tracking
- 2010-01-24 v0.21: fixed support for big-endian CPUs, such as PowerPC Macs.
- 2009-12-11 v0.20: small bugfix in OleFileIO.open when filename is not plain str.
- 2009-12-10 v0.19: fixed support for 64 bits platforms (thanks to Ben G. and Martijn for reporting the bug)
- see changelog in source code for more info.
Download
--------
The archive is available on [the project page](https://bitbucket.org/decalage/olefileio_pl/downloads).
Features
--------
- Parse and read any OLE file such as Microsoft Office 97-2003 legacy document formats (Word .doc, Excel .xls, PowerPoint .ppt, Visio .vsd, Project .mpp), Image Composer and FlashPix files, Outlook messages, StickyNotes, Zeiss AxioVision ZVI files, Olympus FluoView OIB files, ...
- List all the streams and storages contained in an OLE file
- Open streams as files
- Parse and read property streams, containing metadata of the file
- Portable, pure Python module, no dependency
Main improvements over the original version of OleFileIO in PIL:
----------------------------------------------------------------
- Compatible with Python 3.x and 2.6+
- Many bug fixes
- Support for files larger than 6.8MB
- Support for 64 bits platforms and big-endian CPUs
- Robust: many checks to detect malformed files
- Runtime option to choose if malformed files should be parsed or raise exceptions
- Improved API
- Metadata extraction, stream/storage timestamps (e.g. for document forensics)
- Can open file-like objects
- Added setup.py and install.bat to ease installation
- More convenient slash-based syntax for stream paths
How to use this module
----------------------
OleFileIO_PL can be used as an independent module or with PIL. The main functions and methods are explained below.
For more information, see also the file **OleFileIO_PL.html**, sample code at the end of the module itself, and docstrings within the code.
### About the structure of OLE files ###
An OLE file can be seen as a mini file system or a Zip archive: It contains **streams** of data that look like files embedded within the OLE file. Each stream has a name. For example, the main stream of a MS Word document containing its text is named "WordDocument".
An OLE file can also contain **storages**. A storage is a folder that contains streams or other storages. For example, a MS Word document with VBA macros has a storage called "Macros".
Special streams can contain **properties**. A property is a specific value that can be used to store information such as the metadata of a document (title, author, creation date, etc). Property stream names usually start with the character '\x05'.
For example, a typical MS Word document may look like this:
\x05DocumentSummaryInformation (stream)
\x05SummaryInformation (stream)
WordDocument (stream)
Macros (storage)
PROJECT (stream)
PROJECTwm (stream)
VBA (storage)
Module1 (stream)
ThisDocument (stream)
_VBA_PROJECT (stream)
dir (stream)
ObjectPool (storage)
### Import OleFileIO_PL ###
:::python
import OleFileIO_PL
As of version 0.30, the code has been changed to be compatible with Python 3.x. As a consequence, compatibility with Python 2.5 or older is not provided anymore. However, a copy of v0.26 is available as OleFileIO_PL2.py. If your application needs to be compatible with Python 2.5 or older, you may use the following code to load the old version when needed:
:::python
try:
import OleFileIO_PL
except:
import OleFileIO_PL2 as OleFileIO_PL
If you think OleFileIO_PL should stay compatible with Python 2.5 or older, please [contact me](http://decalage.info/contact).
### Test if a file is an OLE container ###
Use isOleFile to check if the first bytes of the file contain the Magic for OLE files, before opening it. isOleFile returns True if it is an OLE file, False otherwise (new in v0.16).
:::python
assert OleFileIO_PL.isOleFile('myfile.doc')
### Open an OLE file from disk ###
Create an OleFileIO object with the file path as parameter:
:::python
ole = OleFileIO_PL.OleFileIO('myfile.doc')
### Open an OLE file from a file-like object ###
This is useful if the file is not on disk, e.g. already stored in a string or as a file-like object.
:::python
ole = OleFileIO_PL.OleFileIO(f)
For example the code below reads a file into a string, then uses BytesIO to turn it into a file-like object.
:::python
data = open('myfile.doc', 'rb').read()
f = io.BytesIO(data) # or StringIO.StringIO for Python 2.x
ole = OleFileIO_PL.OleFileIO(f)
### How to handle malformed OLE files ###
By default, the parser is configured to be as robust and permissive as possible, allowing to parse most malformed OLE files. Only fatal errors will raise an exception. It is possible to tell the parser to be more strict in order to raise exceptions for files that do not fully conform to the OLE specifications, using the raise_defect option (new in v0.14):
:::python
ole = OleFileIO_PL.OleFileIO('myfile.doc', raise_defects=DEFECT_INCORRECT)
When the parsing is done, the list of non-fatal issues detected is available as a list in the parsing_issues attribute of the OleFileIO object (new in 0.25):
:::python
print('Non-fatal issues raised during parsing:')
if ole.parsing_issues:
for exctype, msg in ole.parsing_issues:
print('- %s: %s' % (exctype.__name__, msg))
else:
print('None')
### Syntax for stream and storage path ###
Two different syntaxes are allowed for methods that need or return the path of streams and storages:
1) Either a **list of strings** including all the storages from the root up to the stream/storage name. For example a stream called "WordDocument" at the root will have ['WordDocument'] as full path. A stream called "ThisDocument" located in the storage "Macros/VBA" will be ['Macros', 'VBA', 'ThisDocument']. This is the original syntax from PIL. While hard to read and not very convenient, this syntax works in all cases.
2) Or a **single string with slashes** to separate storage and stream names (similar to the Unix path syntax). The previous examples would be 'WordDocument' and 'Macros/VBA/ThisDocument'. This syntax is easier, but may fail if a stream or storage name contains a slash. (new in v0.15)
Both are case-insensitive.
Switching between the two is easy:
:::python
slash_path = '/'.join(list_path)
list_path = slash_path.split('/')
### Get the list of streams ###
listdir() returns a list of all the streams contained in the OLE file, including those stored in storages. Each stream is listed itself as a list, as described above.
:::python
print(ole.listdir())
Sample result:
:::python
[['\x01CompObj'], ['\x05DocumentSummaryInformation'], ['\x05SummaryInformation']
, ['1Table'], ['Macros', 'PROJECT'], ['Macros', 'PROJECTwm'], ['Macros', 'VBA',
'Module1'], ['Macros', 'VBA', 'ThisDocument'], ['Macros', 'VBA', '_VBA_PROJECT']
, ['Macros', 'VBA', 'dir'], ['ObjectPool'], ['WordDocument']]
As an option it is possible to choose if storages should also be listed, with or without streams (new in v0.26):
:::python
ole.listdir (streams=False, storages=True)
### Test if known streams/storages exist: ###
exists(path) checks if a given stream or storage exists in the OLE file (new in v0.16).
:::python
if ole.exists('worddocument'):
print("This is a Word document.")
if ole.exists('macros/vba'):
print("This document seems to contain VBA macros.")
### Read data from a stream ###
openstream(path) opens a stream as a file-like object.
The following example extracts the "Pictures" stream from a PPT file:
:::python
pics = ole.openstream('Pictures')
data = pics.read()
### Get information about a stream/storage ###
Several methods can provide the size, type and timestamps of a given stream/storage:
get_size(path) returns the size of a stream in bytes (new in v0.16):
:::python
s = ole.get_size('WordDocument')
get_type(path) returns the type of a stream/storage, as one of the following constants: STGTY\_STREAM for a stream, STGTY\_STORAGE for a storage, STGTY\_ROOT for the root entry, and False for a non existing path (new in v0.15).
:::python
t = ole.get_type('WordDocument')
get\_ctime(path) and get\_mtime(path) return the creation and modification timestamps of a stream/storage, as a Python datetime object with UTC timezone. Please note that these timestamps are only present if the application that created the OLE file explicitly stored them, which is rarely the case. When not present, these methods return None (new in v0.26).
:::python
c = ole.get_ctime('WordDocument')
m = ole.get_mtime('WordDocument')
The root storage is a special case: You can get its creation and modification timestamps using the OleFileIO.root attribute (new in v0.26):
:::python
c = ole.root.getctime()
m = ole.root.getmtime()
### Extract metadata ###
get_metadata() will check if standard property streams exist, parse all the properties they contain, and return an OleMetadata object with the found properties as attributes (new in v0.24).
:::python
meta = ole.get_metadata()
print('Author:', meta.author)
print('Title:', meta.title)
print('Creation date:', meta.create_time)
# print all metadata:
meta.dump()
Available attributes include:
codepage, title, subject, author, keywords, comments, template,
last_saved_by, revision_number, total_edit_time, last_printed, create_time,
last_saved_time, num_pages, num_words, num_chars, thumbnail,
creating_application, security, codepage_doc, category, presentation_target,
bytes, lines, paragraphs, slides, notes, hidden_slides, mm_clips,
scale_crop, heading_pairs, titles_of_parts, manager, company, links_dirty,
chars_with_spaces, unused, shared_doc, link_base, hlinks, hlinks_changed,
version, dig_sig, content_type, content_status, language, doc_version
See the source code of the OleMetadata class for more information.
### Parse a property stream ###
get\_properties(path) can be used to parse any property stream that is not handled by get\_metadata. It returns a dictionary indexed by integers. Each integer is the index of the property, pointing to its value. For example in the standard property stream '\x05SummaryInformation', the document title is property #2, and the subject is #3.
:::python
p = ole.getproperties('specialprops')
By default as in the original PIL version, timestamp properties are converted into a number of seconds since Jan 1,1601. With the option convert\_time, you can obtain more convenient Python datetime objects (UTC timezone). If some time properties should not be converted (such as total editing time in '\x05SummaryInformation'), the list of indexes can be passed as no_conversion (new in v0.25):
:::python
p = ole.getproperties('specialprops', convert_time=True, no_conversion=[10])
### Close the OLE file ###
Unless your application is a simple script that terminates after processing an OLE file, do not forget to close each OleFileIO object after parsing to close the file on disk. (new in v0.22)
:::python
ole.close()
### Use OleFileIO_PL as a script ###
OleFileIO_PL can also be used as a script from the command-line to display the structure of an OLE file and its metadata, for example:
OleFileIO_PL.py myfile.doc
You can use the option -c to check that all streams can be read fully, and -d to generate very verbose debugging information.
## Real-life examples ##
A real-life example: [using OleFileIO_PL for malware analysis and forensics](http://blog.gregback.net/2011/03/using-remnux-for-forensic-puzzle-6/).
See also [this paper](https://computer-forensics.sans.org/community/papers/gcfa/grow-forensic-tools-taxonomy-python-libraries-helpful-forensic-analysis_6879) about python tools for forensics, which features OleFileIO_PL.
About Python 2 and 3
--------------------
OleFileIO\_PL used to support only Python 2.x. As of version 0.30, the code has been changed to be compatible with Python 3.x. As a consequence, compatibility with Python 2.5 or older is not provided anymore. However, a copy of v0.26 is available as OleFileIO_PL2.py. See above the "import" section for a workaround.
If you think OleFileIO_PL should stay compatible with Python 2.5 or older, please [contact me](http://decalage.info/contact).
How to contribute
-----------------
The code is available in [a Mercurial repository on bitbucket](https://bitbucket.org/decalage/olefileio_pl). You may use it to submit enhancements or to report any issue.
If you would like to help us improve this module, or simply provide feedback, please [contact me](http://decalage.info/contact). You can help in many ways:
- test this module on different platforms / Python versions
- find and report bugs
- improve documentation, code samples, docstrings
- write unittest test cases
- provide tricky malformed files
How to report bugs
------------------
To report a bug, for example a normal file which is not parsed correctly, please use the [issue reporting page](https://bitbucket.org/decalage/olefileio_pl/issues?status=new&status=open), or if you prefer to do it privately, use this [contact form](http://decalage.info/contact). Please provide all the information about the context and how to reproduce the bug.
If possible please join the debugging output of OleFileIO_PL. For this, launch the following command :
OleFileIO_PL.py -d -c file >debug.txt
License
-------
OleFileIO_PL is open-source.
OleFileIO_PL changes are Copyright (c) 2005-2014 by Philippe Lagadec.
The Python Imaging Library (PIL) is
- Copyright (c) 1997-2005 by Secret Labs AB
- Copyright (c) 1995-2005 by Fredrik Lundh
By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood, and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Secret Labs AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# simple postscript graphics interface
#
# History:
# 1996-04-20 fl Created
# 1999-01-10 fl Added gsave/grestore to image method
# 2005-05-04 fl Fixed floating point issue in image (from Eric Etheridge)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2005 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import EpsImagePlugin
##
# Simple Postscript graphics interface.
class PSDraw:
"""
Sets up printing to the given file. If **file** is omitted,
:py:attr:`sys.stdout` is assumed.
"""
def __init__(self, fp=None):
if not fp:
import sys
fp = sys.stdout
self.fp = fp
def _fp_write(self, to_write):
if bytes is str:
self.fp.write(to_write)
else:
self.fp.write(bytes(to_write, 'UTF-8'))
def begin_document(self, id=None):
"""Set up printing of a document. (Write Postscript DSC header.)"""
# FIXME: incomplete
self._fp_write("%!PS-Adobe-3.0\n"
"save\n"
"/showpage { } def\n"
"%%EndComments\n"
"%%BeginDocument\n")
# self.fp_write(ERROR_PS) # debugging!
self._fp_write(EDROFF_PS)
self._fp_write(VDI_PS)
self._fp_write("%%EndProlog\n")
self.isofont = {}
def end_document(self):
"""Ends printing. (Write Postscript DSC footer.)"""
self._fp_write("%%EndDocument\n"
"restore showpage\n"
"%%End\n")
if hasattr(self.fp, "flush"):
self.fp.flush()
def setfont(self, font, size):
"""
Selects which font to use.
:param font: A Postscript font name
:param size: Size in points.
"""
if font not in self.isofont:
# reencode font
self._fp_write("/PSDraw-%s ISOLatin1Encoding /%s E\n" %
(font, font))
self.isofont[font] = 1
# rough
self._fp_write("/F0 %d /PSDraw-%s F\n" % (size, font))
def line(self, xy0, xy1):
"""
Draws a line between the two points. Coordinates are given in
Postscript point coordinates (72 points per inch, (0, 0) is the lower
left corner of the page).
"""
xy = xy0 + xy1
self._fp_write("%d %d %d %d Vl\n" % xy)
def rectangle(self, box):
"""
Draws a rectangle.
:param box: A 4-tuple of integers whose order and function is currently
undocumented.
Hint: the tuple is passed into this format string:
.. code-block:: python
%d %d M %d %d 0 Vr\n
"""
self._fp_write("%d %d M %d %d 0 Vr\n" % box)
def text(self, xy, text):
"""
Draws text at the given position. You must use
:py:meth:`~PIL.PSDraw.PSDraw.setfont` before calling this method.
"""
text = "\\(".join(text.split("("))
text = "\\)".join(text.split(")"))
xy = xy + (text,)
self._fp_write("%d %d M (%s) S\n" % xy)
def image(self, box, im, dpi=None):
"""Draw a PIL image, centered in the given box."""
# default resolution depends on mode
if not dpi:
if im.mode == "1":
dpi = 200 # fax
else:
dpi = 100 # greyscale
# image size (on paper)
x = float(im.size[0] * 72) / dpi
y = float(im.size[1] * 72) / dpi
# max allowed size
xmax = float(box[2] - box[0])
ymax = float(box[3] - box[1])
if x > xmax:
y = y * xmax / x
x = xmax
if y > ymax:
x = x * ymax / y
y = ymax
dx = (xmax - x) / 2 + box[0]
dy = (ymax - y) / 2 + box[1]
self._fp_write("gsave\n%f %f translate\n" % (dx, dy))
if (x, y) != im.size:
# EpsImagePlugin._save prints the image at (0,0,xsize,ysize)
sx = x / im.size[0]
sy = y / im.size[1]
self._fp_write("%f %f scale\n" % (sx, sy))
EpsImagePlugin._save(im, self.fp, None, 0)
self._fp_write("\ngrestore\n")
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Postscript driver
#
# EDROFF.PS -- Postscript driver for Edroff 2
#
# History:
# 94-01-25 fl: created (edroff 2.04)
#
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1994.
#
EDROFF_PS = """\
/S { show } bind def
/P { moveto show } bind def
/M { moveto } bind def
/X { 0 rmoveto } bind def
/Y { 0 exch rmoveto } bind def
/E { findfont
dup maxlength dict begin
{
1 index /FID ne { def } { pop pop } ifelse
} forall
/Encoding exch def
dup /FontName exch def
currentdict end definefont pop
} bind def
/F { findfont exch scalefont dup setfont
[ exch /setfont cvx ] cvx bind def
} bind def
"""
#
# VDI.PS -- Postscript driver for VDI meta commands
#
# History:
# 94-01-25 fl: created (edroff 2.04)
#
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1994.
#
VDI_PS = """\
/Vm { moveto } bind def
/Va { newpath arcn stroke } bind def
/Vl { moveto lineto stroke } bind def
/Vc { newpath 0 360 arc closepath } bind def
/Vr { exch dup 0 rlineto
exch dup neg 0 exch rlineto
exch neg 0 rlineto
0 exch rlineto
100 div setgray fill 0 setgray } bind def
/Tm matrix def
/Ve { Tm currentmatrix pop
translate scale newpath 0 0 .5 0 360 arc closepath
Tm setmatrix
} bind def
/Vf { currentgray exch setgray fill setgray } bind def
"""
#
# ERROR.PS -- Error handler
#
# History:
# 89-11-21 fl: created (pslist 1.10)
#
ERROR_PS = """\
/landscape false def
/errorBUF 200 string def
/errorNL { currentpoint 10 sub exch pop 72 exch moveto } def
errordict begin /handleerror {
initmatrix /Courier findfont 10 scalefont setfont
newpath 72 720 moveto $error begin /newerror false def
(PostScript Error) show errorNL errorNL
(Error: ) show
/errorname load errorBUF cvs show errorNL errorNL
(Command: ) show
/command load dup type /stringtype ne { errorBUF cvs } if show
errorNL errorNL
(VMstatus: ) show
vmstatus errorBUF cvs show ( bytes available, ) show
errorBUF cvs show ( bytes used at level ) show
errorBUF cvs show errorNL errorNL
(Operand stargck: ) show errorNL /ostargck load {
dup type /stringtype ne { errorBUF cvs } if 72 0 rmoveto show errorNL
} forall errorNL
(Execution stargck: ) show errorNL /estargck load {
dup type /stringtype ne { errorBUF cvs } if 72 0 rmoveto show errorNL
} forall
end showpage
} def end
"""

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#
# Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# stuff to read simple, teragon-style palette files
#
# History:
# 97-08-23 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL._binary import o8
##
# File handler for Teragon-style palette files.
class PaletteFile:
rawmode = "RGB"
def __init__(self, fp):
self.palette = [(i, i, i) for i in range(256)]
while True:
s = fp.readline()
if not s:
break
if s[0:1] == b"#":
continue
if len(s) > 100:
raise SyntaxError("bad palette file")
v = [int(x) for x in s.split()]
try:
[i, r, g, b] = v
except ValueError:
[i, r] = v
g = b = r
if 0 <= i <= 255:
self.palette[i] = o8(r) + o8(g) + o8(b)
self.palette = b"".join(self.palette)
def getpalette(self):
return self.palette, self.rawmode

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
##
# Image plugin for Palm pixmap images (output only).
##
__version__ = "1.0"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
_Palm8BitColormapValues = (
(255, 255, 255), (255, 204, 255), (255, 153, 255), (255, 102, 255),
(255, 51, 255), (255, 0, 255), (255, 255, 204), (255, 204, 204),
(255, 153, 204), (255, 102, 204), (255, 51, 204), (255, 0, 204),
(255, 255, 153), (255, 204, 153), (255, 153, 153), (255, 102, 153),
(255, 51, 153), (255, 0, 153), (204, 255, 255), (204, 204, 255),
(204, 153, 255), (204, 102, 255), (204, 51, 255), (204, 0, 255),
(204, 255, 204), (204, 204, 204), (204, 153, 204), (204, 102, 204),
(204, 51, 204), (204, 0, 204), (204, 255, 153), (204, 204, 153),
(204, 153, 153), (204, 102, 153), (204, 51, 153), (204, 0, 153),
(153, 255, 255), (153, 204, 255), (153, 153, 255), (153, 102, 255),
(153, 51, 255), (153, 0, 255), (153, 255, 204), (153, 204, 204),
(153, 153, 204), (153, 102, 204), (153, 51, 204), (153, 0, 204),
(153, 255, 153), (153, 204, 153), (153, 153, 153), (153, 102, 153),
(153, 51, 153), (153, 0, 153), (102, 255, 255), (102, 204, 255),
(102, 153, 255), (102, 102, 255), (102, 51, 255), (102, 0, 255),
(102, 255, 204), (102, 204, 204), (102, 153, 204), (102, 102, 204),
(102, 51, 204), (102, 0, 204), (102, 255, 153), (102, 204, 153),
(102, 153, 153), (102, 102, 153), (102, 51, 153), (102, 0, 153),
( 51, 255, 255), ( 51, 204, 255), ( 51, 153, 255), ( 51, 102, 255),
( 51, 51, 255), ( 51, 0, 255), ( 51, 255, 204), ( 51, 204, 204),
( 51, 153, 204), ( 51, 102, 204), ( 51, 51, 204), ( 51, 0, 204),
( 51, 255, 153), ( 51, 204, 153), ( 51, 153, 153), ( 51, 102, 153),
( 51, 51, 153), ( 51, 0, 153), ( 0, 255, 255), ( 0, 204, 255),
( 0, 153, 255), ( 0, 102, 255), ( 0, 51, 255), ( 0, 0, 255),
( 0, 255, 204), ( 0, 204, 204), ( 0, 153, 204), ( 0, 102, 204),
( 0, 51, 204), ( 0, 0, 204), ( 0, 255, 153), ( 0, 204, 153),
( 0, 153, 153), ( 0, 102, 153), ( 0, 51, 153), ( 0, 0, 153),
(255, 255, 102), (255, 204, 102), (255, 153, 102), (255, 102, 102),
(255, 51, 102), (255, 0, 102), (255, 255, 51), (255, 204, 51),
(255, 153, 51), (255, 102, 51), (255, 51, 51), (255, 0, 51),
(255, 255, 0), (255, 204, 0), (255, 153, 0), (255, 102, 0),
(255, 51, 0), (255, 0, 0), (204, 255, 102), (204, 204, 102),
(204, 153, 102), (204, 102, 102), (204, 51, 102), (204, 0, 102),
(204, 255, 51), (204, 204, 51), (204, 153, 51), (204, 102, 51),
(204, 51, 51), (204, 0, 51), (204, 255, 0), (204, 204, 0),
(204, 153, 0), (204, 102, 0), (204, 51, 0), (204, 0, 0),
(153, 255, 102), (153, 204, 102), (153, 153, 102), (153, 102, 102),
(153, 51, 102), (153, 0, 102), (153, 255, 51), (153, 204, 51),
(153, 153, 51), (153, 102, 51), (153, 51, 51), (153, 0, 51),
(153, 255, 0), (153, 204, 0), (153, 153, 0), (153, 102, 0),
(153, 51, 0), (153, 0, 0), (102, 255, 102), (102, 204, 102),
(102, 153, 102), (102, 102, 102), (102, 51, 102), (102, 0, 102),
(102, 255, 51), (102, 204, 51), (102, 153, 51), (102, 102, 51),
(102, 51, 51), (102, 0, 51), (102, 255, 0), (102, 204, 0),
(102, 153, 0), (102, 102, 0), (102, 51, 0), (102, 0, 0),
( 51, 255, 102), ( 51, 204, 102), ( 51, 153, 102), ( 51, 102, 102),
( 51, 51, 102), ( 51, 0, 102), ( 51, 255, 51), ( 51, 204, 51),
( 51, 153, 51), ( 51, 102, 51), ( 51, 51, 51), ( 51, 0, 51),
( 51, 255, 0), ( 51, 204, 0), ( 51, 153, 0), ( 51, 102, 0),
( 51, 51, 0), ( 51, 0, 0), ( 0, 255, 102), ( 0, 204, 102),
( 0, 153, 102), ( 0, 102, 102), ( 0, 51, 102), ( 0, 0, 102),
( 0, 255, 51), ( 0, 204, 51), ( 0, 153, 51), ( 0, 102, 51),
( 0, 51, 51), ( 0, 0, 51), ( 0, 255, 0), ( 0, 204, 0),
( 0, 153, 0), ( 0, 102, 0), ( 0, 51, 0), ( 17, 17, 17),
( 34, 34, 34), ( 68, 68, 68), ( 85, 85, 85), (119, 119, 119),
(136, 136, 136), (170, 170, 170), (187, 187, 187), (221, 221, 221),
(238, 238, 238), (192, 192, 192), (128, 0, 0), (128, 0, 128),
( 0, 128, 0), ( 0, 128, 128), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0),
( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0), ( 0, 0, 0))
# so build a prototype image to be used for palette resampling
def build_prototype_image():
image = Image.new("L", (1, len(_Palm8BitColormapValues),))
image.putdata(list(range(len(_Palm8BitColormapValues))))
palettedata = ()
for i in range(len(_Palm8BitColormapValues)):
palettedata = palettedata + _Palm8BitColormapValues[i]
for i in range(256 - len(_Palm8BitColormapValues)):
palettedata = palettedata + (0, 0, 0)
image.putpalette(palettedata)
return image
Palm8BitColormapImage = build_prototype_image()
# OK, we now have in Palm8BitColormapImage,
# a "P"-mode image with the right palette
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
_FLAGS = {
"custom-colormap": 0x4000,
"is-compressed": 0x8000,
"has-transparent": 0x2000,
}
_COMPRESSION_TYPES = {
"none": 0xFF,
"rle": 0x01,
"scanline": 0x00,
}
o8 = _binary.o8
o16b = _binary.o16be
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
##
# (Internal) Image save plugin for the Palm format.
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
if im.mode == "P":
# we assume this is a color Palm image with the standard colormap,
# unless the "info" dict has a "custom-colormap" field
rawmode = "P"
bpp = 8
version = 1
elif (im.mode == "L" and
"bpp" in im.encoderinfo and
im.encoderinfo["bpp"] in (1, 2, 4)):
# this is 8-bit grayscale, so we shift it to get the high-order bits,
# and invert it because
# Palm does greyscale from white (0) to black (1)
bpp = im.encoderinfo["bpp"]
im = im.point(
lambda x, shift=8-bpp, maxval=(1 << bpp)-1: maxval - (x >> shift))
# we ignore the palette here
im.mode = "P"
rawmode = "P;" + str(bpp)
version = 1
elif im.mode == "L" and "bpp" in im.info and im.info["bpp"] in (1, 2, 4):
# here we assume that even though the inherent mode is 8-bit grayscale,
# only the lower bpp bits are significant.
# We invert them to match the Palm.
bpp = im.info["bpp"]
im = im.point(lambda x, maxval=(1 << bpp)-1: maxval - (x & maxval))
# we ignore the palette here
im.mode = "P"
rawmode = "P;" + str(bpp)
version = 1
elif im.mode == "1":
# monochrome -- write it inverted, as is the Palm standard
rawmode = "1;I"
bpp = 1
version = 0
else:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as Palm" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
#
# make sure image data is available
im.load()
# write header
cols = im.size[0]
rows = im.size[1]
rowbytes = int((cols + (16//bpp - 1)) / (16 // bpp)) * 2
transparent_index = 0
compression_type = _COMPRESSION_TYPES["none"]
flags = 0
if im.mode == "P" and "custom-colormap" in im.info:
flags = flags & _FLAGS["custom-colormap"]
colormapsize = 4 * 256 + 2
colormapmode = im.palette.mode
colormap = im.getdata().getpalette()
else:
colormapsize = 0
if "offset" in im.info:
offset = (rowbytes * rows + 16 + 3 + colormapsize) // 4
else:
offset = 0
fp.write(o16b(cols) + o16b(rows) + o16b(rowbytes) + o16b(flags))
fp.write(o8(bpp))
fp.write(o8(version))
fp.write(o16b(offset))
fp.write(o8(transparent_index))
fp.write(o8(compression_type))
fp.write(o16b(0)) # reserved by Palm
# now write colormap if necessary
if colormapsize > 0:
fp.write(o16b(256))
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i))
if colormapmode == 'RGB':
fp.write(
o8(colormap[3 * i]) +
o8(colormap[3 * i + 1]) +
o8(colormap[3 * i + 2]))
elif colormapmode == 'RGBA':
fp.write(
o8(colormap[4 * i]) +
o8(colormap[4 * i + 1]) +
o8(colormap[4 * i + 2]))
# now convert data to raw form
ImageFile._save(
im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, rowbytes, 1))])
fp.flush()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_save("Palm", _save)
Image.register_extension("Palm", ".palm")
Image.register_mime("Palm", "image/palm")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PCD file handling
#
# History:
# 96-05-10 fl Created
# 96-05-27 fl Added draft mode (128x192, 256x384)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
i8 = _binary.i8
##
# Image plugin for PhotoCD images. This plugin only reads the 768x512
# image from the file; higher resolutions are encoded in a proprietary
# encoding.
class PcdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PCD"
format_description = "Kodak PhotoCD"
def _open(self):
# rough
self.fp.seek(2048)
s = self.fp.read(2048)
if s[:4] != b"PCD_":
raise SyntaxError("not a PCD file")
orientation = i8(s[1538]) & 3
if orientation == 1:
self.tile_post_rotate = 90 # hack
elif orientation == 3:
self.tile_post_rotate = -90
self.mode = "RGB"
self.size = 768, 512 # FIXME: not correct for rotated images!
self.tile = [("pcd", (0, 0)+self.size, 96*2048, None)]
def draft(self, mode, size):
if len(self.tile) != 1:
return
d, e, o, a = self.tile[0]
if size:
scale = max(self.size[0] / size[0], self.size[1] / size[1])
for s, o in [(4, 0*2048), (2, 0*2048), (1, 96*2048)]:
if scale >= s:
break
# e = e[0], e[1], (e[2]-e[0]+s-1)/s+e[0], (e[3]-e[1]+s-1)/s+e[1]
# self.size = ((self.size[0]+s-1)/s, (self.size[1]+s-1)/s)
self.tile = [(d, e, o, a)]
return self
#
# registry
Image.register_open("PCD", PcdImageFile)
Image.register_extension("PCD", ".pcd")

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#
# THIS IS WORK IN PROGRESS
#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# portable compiled font file parser
#
# history:
# 1997-08-19 fl created
# 2003-09-13 fl fixed loading of unicode fonts
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import Image
from PIL import FontFile
from PIL import _binary
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# declarations
PCF_MAGIC = 0x70636601 # "\x01fcp"
PCF_PROPERTIES = (1 << 0)
PCF_ACCELERATORS = (1 << 1)
PCF_METRICS = (1 << 2)
PCF_BITMAPS = (1 << 3)
PCF_INK_METRICS = (1 << 4)
PCF_BDF_ENCODINGS = (1 << 5)
PCF_SWIDTHS = (1 << 6)
PCF_GLYPH_NAMES = (1 << 7)
PCF_BDF_ACCELERATORS = (1 << 8)
BYTES_PER_ROW = [
lambda bits: ((bits+7) >> 3),
lambda bits: ((bits+15) >> 3) & ~1,
lambda bits: ((bits+31) >> 3) & ~3,
lambda bits: ((bits+63) >> 3) & ~7,
]
i8 = _binary.i8
l16 = _binary.i16le
l32 = _binary.i32le
b16 = _binary.i16be
b32 = _binary.i32be
def sz(s, o):
return s[o:s.index(b"\0", o)]
##
# Font file plugin for the X11 PCF format.
class PcfFontFile(FontFile.FontFile):
name = "name"
def __init__(self, fp):
magic = l32(fp.read(4))
if magic != PCF_MAGIC:
raise SyntaxError("not a PCF file")
FontFile.FontFile.__init__(self)
count = l32(fp.read(4))
self.toc = {}
for i in range(count):
type = l32(fp.read(4))
self.toc[type] = l32(fp.read(4)), l32(fp.read(4)), l32(fp.read(4))
self.fp = fp
self.info = self._load_properties()
metrics = self._load_metrics()
bitmaps = self._load_bitmaps(metrics)
encoding = self._load_encoding()
#
# create glyph structure
for ch in range(256):
ix = encoding[ch]
if ix is not None:
x, y, l, r, w, a, d, f = metrics[ix]
glyph = (w, 0), (l, d-y, x+l, d), (0, 0, x, y), bitmaps[ix]
self.glyph[ch] = glyph
def _getformat(self, tag):
format, size, offset = self.toc[tag]
fp = self.fp
fp.seek(offset)
format = l32(fp.read(4))
if format & 4:
i16, i32 = b16, b32
else:
i16, i32 = l16, l32
return fp, format, i16, i32
def _load_properties(self):
#
# font properties
properties = {}
fp, format, i16, i32 = self._getformat(PCF_PROPERTIES)
nprops = i32(fp.read(4))
# read property description
p = []
for i in range(nprops):
p.append((i32(fp.read(4)), i8(fp.read(1)), i32(fp.read(4))))
if nprops & 3:
fp.seek(4 - (nprops & 3), 1) # pad
data = fp.read(i32(fp.read(4)))
for k, s, v in p:
k = sz(data, k)
if s:
v = sz(data, v)
properties[k] = v
return properties
def _load_metrics(self):
#
# font metrics
metrics = []
fp, format, i16, i32 = self._getformat(PCF_METRICS)
append = metrics.append
if (format & 0xff00) == 0x100:
# "compressed" metrics
for i in range(i16(fp.read(2))):
left = i8(fp.read(1)) - 128
right = i8(fp.read(1)) - 128
width = i8(fp.read(1)) - 128
ascent = i8(fp.read(1)) - 128
descent = i8(fp.read(1)) - 128
xsize = right - left
ysize = ascent + descent
append(
(xsize, ysize, left, right, width,
ascent, descent, 0)
)
else:
# "jumbo" metrics
for i in range(i32(fp.read(4))):
left = i16(fp.read(2))
right = i16(fp.read(2))
width = i16(fp.read(2))
ascent = i16(fp.read(2))
descent = i16(fp.read(2))
attributes = i16(fp.read(2))
xsize = right - left
ysize = ascent + descent
append(
(xsize, ysize, left, right, width,
ascent, descent, attributes)
)
return metrics
def _load_bitmaps(self, metrics):
#
# bitmap data
bitmaps = []
fp, format, i16, i32 = self._getformat(PCF_BITMAPS)
nbitmaps = i32(fp.read(4))
if nbitmaps != len(metrics):
raise IOError("Wrong number of bitmaps")
offsets = []
for i in range(nbitmaps):
offsets.append(i32(fp.read(4)))
bitmapSizes = []
for i in range(4):
bitmapSizes.append(i32(fp.read(4)))
byteorder = format & 4 # non-zero => MSB
bitorder = format & 8 # non-zero => MSB
padindex = format & 3
bitmapsize = bitmapSizes[padindex]
offsets.append(bitmapsize)
data = fp.read(bitmapsize)
pad = BYTES_PER_ROW[padindex]
mode = "1;R"
if bitorder:
mode = "1"
for i in range(nbitmaps):
x, y, l, r, w, a, d, f = metrics[i]
b, e = offsets[i], offsets[i+1]
bitmaps.append(
Image.frombytes("1", (x, y), data[b:e], "raw", mode, pad(x))
)
return bitmaps
def _load_encoding(self):
# map character code to bitmap index
encoding = [None] * 256
fp, format, i16, i32 = self._getformat(PCF_BDF_ENCODINGS)
firstCol, lastCol = i16(fp.read(2)), i16(fp.read(2))
firstRow, lastRow = i16(fp.read(2)), i16(fp.read(2))
default = i16(fp.read(2))
nencoding = (lastCol - firstCol + 1) * (lastRow - firstRow + 1)
for i in range(nencoding):
encodingOffset = i16(fp.read(2))
if encodingOffset != 0xFFFF:
try:
encoding[i+firstCol] = encodingOffset
except IndexError:
break # only load ISO-8859-1 glyphs
return encoding

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PCX file handling
#
# This format was originally used by ZSoft's popular PaintBrush
# program for the IBM PC. It is also supported by many MS-DOS and
# Windows applications, including the Windows PaintBrush program in
# Windows 3.
#
# history:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1996-05-20 fl Fixed RGB support
# 1997-01-03 fl Fixed 2-bit and 4-bit support
# 1999-02-03 fl Fixed 8-bit support (broken in 1.0b1)
# 1999-02-07 fl Added write support
# 2002-06-09 fl Made 2-bit and 4-bit support a bit more robust
# 2002-07-30 fl Seek from to current position, not beginning of file
# 2003-06-03 fl Extract DPI settings (info["dpi"])
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.6"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
o8 = _binary.o8
def _accept(prefix):
return i8(prefix[0]) == 10 and i8(prefix[1]) in [0, 2, 3, 5]
##
# Image plugin for Paintbrush images.
class PcxImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PCX"
format_description = "Paintbrush"
def _open(self):
# header
s = self.fp.read(128)
if not _accept(s):
raise SyntaxError("not a PCX file")
# image
bbox = i16(s, 4), i16(s, 6), i16(s, 8)+1, i16(s, 10)+1
if bbox[2] <= bbox[0] or bbox[3] <= bbox[1]:
raise SyntaxError("bad PCX image size")
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("BBox: %s %s %s %s" % bbox)
# format
version = i8(s[1])
bits = i8(s[3])
planes = i8(s[65])
stride = i16(s, 66)
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("PCX version %s, bits %s, planes %s, stride %s" %
(version, bits, planes, stride))
self.info["dpi"] = i16(s, 12), i16(s, 14)
if bits == 1 and planes == 1:
mode = rawmode = "1"
elif bits == 1 and planes in (2, 4):
mode = "P"
rawmode = "P;%dL" % planes
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", s[16:64])
elif version == 5 and bits == 8 and planes == 1:
mode = rawmode = "L"
# FIXME: hey, this doesn't work with the incremental loader !!!
self.fp.seek(-769, 2)
s = self.fp.read(769)
if len(s) == 769 and i8(s[0]) == 12:
# check if the palette is linear greyscale
for i in range(256):
if s[i*3+1:i*3+4] != o8(i)*3:
mode = rawmode = "P"
break
if mode == "P":
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", s[1:])
self.fp.seek(128)
elif version == 5 and bits == 8 and planes == 3:
mode = "RGB"
rawmode = "RGB;L"
else:
raise IOError("unknown PCX mode")
self.mode = mode
self.size = bbox[2]-bbox[0], bbox[3]-bbox[1]
bbox = (0, 0) + self.size
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("size: %sx%s" % self.size)
self.tile = [("pcx", bbox, self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, planes * stride))]
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# save PCX files
SAVE = {
# mode: (version, bits, planes, raw mode)
"1": (2, 1, 1, "1"),
"L": (5, 8, 1, "L"),
"P": (5, 8, 1, "P"),
"RGB": (5, 8, 3, "RGB;L"),
}
o16 = _binary.o16le
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
version, bits, planes, rawmode = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise ValueError("Cannot save %s images as PCX" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
# bytes per plane
stride = (im.size[0] * bits + 7) // 8
# stride should be even
stride += stride % 2
# Stride needs to be kept in sync with the PcxEncode.c version.
# Ideally it should be passed in in the state, but the bytes value
# gets overwritten.
if Image.DEBUG:
print ("PcxImagePlugin._save: xwidth: %d, bits: %d, stride: %d" % (
im.size[0], bits, stride))
# under windows, we could determine the current screen size with
# "Image.core.display_mode()[1]", but I think that's overkill...
screen = im.size
dpi = 100, 100
# PCX header
fp.write(
o8(10) + o8(version) + o8(1) + o8(bits) + o16(0) +
o16(0) + o16(im.size[0]-1) + o16(im.size[1]-1) + o16(dpi[0]) +
o16(dpi[1]) + b"\0"*24 + b"\xFF"*24 + b"\0" + o8(planes) +
o16(stride) + o16(1) + o16(screen[0]) + o16(screen[1]) +
b"\0"*54
)
assert fp.tell() == 128
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("pcx", (0, 0)+im.size, 0,
(rawmode, bits*planes))])
if im.mode == "P":
# colour palette
fp.write(o8(12))
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "RGB")) # 768 bytes
elif im.mode == "L":
# greyscale palette
fp.write(o8(12))
for i in range(256):
fp.write(o8(i)*3)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# registry
Image.register_open("PCX", PcxImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("PCX", _save)
Image.register_extension("PCX", ".pcx")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PDF (Acrobat) file handling
#
# History:
# 1996-07-16 fl Created
# 1997-01-18 fl Fixed header
# 2004-02-21 fl Fixes for 1/L/CMYK images, etc.
# 2004-02-24 fl Fixes for 1 and P images.
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
# Image plugin for PDF images (output only).
##
__version__ = "0.4"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
from PIL._binary import i8
import io
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# object ids:
# 1. catalogue
# 2. pages
# 3. image
# 4. page
# 5. page contents
def _obj(fp, obj, **dict):
fp.write("%d 0 obj\n" % obj)
if dict:
fp.write("<<\n")
for k, v in dict.items():
if v is not None:
fp.write("/%s %s\n" % (k, v))
fp.write(">>\n")
def _endobj(fp):
fp.write("endobj\n")
##
# (Internal) Image save plugin for the PDF format.
def _save(im, fp, filename):
resolution = im.encoderinfo.get("resolution", 72.0)
#
# make sure image data is available
im.load()
xref = [0]*(5+1) # placeholders
class TextWriter:
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
def __getattr__(self, name):
return getattr(self.fp, name)
def write(self, value):
self.fp.write(value.encode('latin-1'))
fp = TextWriter(fp)
fp.write("%PDF-1.2\n")
fp.write("% created by PIL PDF driver " + __version__ + "\n")
#
# Get image characteristics
width, height = im.size
# FIXME: Should replace ASCIIHexDecode with RunLengthDecode (packbits)
# or LZWDecode (tiff/lzw compression). Note that PDF 1.2 also supports
# Flatedecode (zip compression).
bits = 8
params = None
if im.mode == "1":
filter = "/ASCIIHexDecode"
colorspace = "/DeviceGray"
procset = "/ImageB" # grayscale
bits = 1
elif im.mode == "L":
filter = "/DCTDecode"
# params = "<< /Predictor 15 /Columns %d >>" % (width-2)
colorspace = "/DeviceGray"
procset = "/ImageB" # grayscale
elif im.mode == "P":
filter = "/ASCIIHexDecode"
colorspace = "[ /Indexed /DeviceRGB 255 <"
palette = im.im.getpalette("RGB")
for i in range(256):
r = i8(palette[i*3])
g = i8(palette[i*3+1])
b = i8(palette[i*3+2])
colorspace += "%02x%02x%02x " % (r, g, b)
colorspace += "> ]"
procset = "/ImageI" # indexed color
elif im.mode == "RGB":
filter = "/DCTDecode"
colorspace = "/DeviceRGB"
procset = "/ImageC" # color images
elif im.mode == "CMYK":
filter = "/DCTDecode"
colorspace = "/DeviceCMYK"
procset = "/ImageC" # color images
else:
raise ValueError("cannot save mode %s" % im.mode)
#
# catalogue
xref[1] = fp.tell()
_obj(
fp, 1,
Type="/Catalog",
Pages="2 0 R")
_endobj(fp)
#
# pages
xref[2] = fp.tell()
_obj(
fp, 2,
Type="/Pages",
Count=1,
Kids="[4 0 R]")
_endobj(fp)
#
# image
op = io.BytesIO()
if filter == "/ASCIIHexDecode":
if bits == 1:
# FIXME: the hex encoder doesn't support packed 1-bit
# images; do things the hard way...
data = im.tobytes("raw", "1")
im = Image.new("L", (len(data), 1), None)
im.putdata(data)
ImageFile._save(im, op, [("hex", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, im.mode)])
elif filter == "/DCTDecode":
Image.SAVE["JPEG"](im, op, filename)
elif filter == "/FlateDecode":
ImageFile._save(im, op, [("zip", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, im.mode)])
elif filter == "/RunLengthDecode":
ImageFile._save(im, op, [("packbits", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, im.mode)])
else:
raise ValueError("unsupported PDF filter (%s)" % filter)
xref[3] = fp.tell()
_obj(
fp, 3,
Type="/XObject",
Subtype="/Image",
Width=width, # * 72.0 / resolution,
Height=height, # * 72.0 / resolution,
Length=len(op.getvalue()),
Filter=filter,
BitsPerComponent=bits,
DecodeParams=params,
ColorSpace=colorspace)
fp.write("stream\n")
fp.fp.write(op.getvalue())
fp.write("\nendstream\n")
_endobj(fp)
#
# page
xref[4] = fp.tell()
_obj(fp, 4)
fp.write(
"<<\n/Type /Page\n/Parent 2 0 R\n"
"/Resources <<\n/ProcSet [ /PDF %s ]\n"
"/XObject << /image 3 0 R >>\n>>\n"
"/MediaBox [ 0 0 %d %d ]\n/Contents 5 0 R\n>>\n" % (
procset,
int(width * 72.0 / resolution),
int(height * 72.0 / resolution)))
_endobj(fp)
#
# page contents
op = TextWriter(io.BytesIO())
op.write(
"q %d 0 0 %d 0 0 cm /image Do Q\n" % (
int(width * 72.0 / resolution),
int(height * 72.0 / resolution)))
xref[5] = fp.tell()
_obj(fp, 5, Length=len(op.fp.getvalue()))
fp.write("stream\n")
fp.fp.write(op.fp.getvalue())
fp.write("\nendstream\n")
_endobj(fp)
#
# trailer
startxref = fp.tell()
fp.write("xref\n0 %d\n0000000000 65535 f \n" % len(xref))
for x in xref[1:]:
fp.write("%010d 00000 n \n" % x)
fp.write("trailer\n<<\n/Size %d\n/Root 1 0 R\n>>\n" % len(xref))
fp.write("startxref\n%d\n%%%%EOF\n" % startxref)
fp.flush()
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_save("PDF", _save)
Image.register_extension("PDF", ".pdf")
Image.register_mime("PDF", "application/pdf")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PIXAR raster support for PIL
#
# history:
# 97-01-29 fl Created
#
# notes:
# This is incomplete; it is based on a few samples created with
# Photoshop 2.5 and 3.0, and a summary description provided by
# Greg Coats <gcoats@labiris.er.usgs.gov>. Hopefully, "L" and
# "RGBA" support will be added in future versions.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1997.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
#
# helpers
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
##
# Image plugin for PIXAR raster images.
class PixarImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PIXAR"
format_description = "PIXAR raster image"
def _open(self):
# assuming a 4-byte magic label (FIXME: add "_accept" hook)
s = self.fp.read(4)
if s != b"\200\350\000\000":
raise SyntaxError("not a PIXAR file")
# read rest of header
s = s + self.fp.read(508)
self.size = i16(s[418:420]), i16(s[416:418])
# get channel/depth descriptions
mode = i16(s[424:426]), i16(s[426:428])
if mode == (14, 2):
self.mode = "RGB"
# FIXME: to be continued...
# create tile descriptor (assuming "dumped")
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, 1024, (self.mode, 0, 1))]
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("PIXAR", PixarImageFile)
#
# FIXME: what's the standard extension?

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PNG support code
#
# See "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification, version 1.0;
# W3C Recommendation", 1996-10-01, Thomas Boutell (ed.).
#
# history:
# 1996-05-06 fl Created (couldn't resist it)
# 1996-12-14 fl Upgraded, added read and verify support (0.2)
# 1996-12-15 fl Separate PNG stream parser
# 1996-12-29 fl Added write support, added getchunks
# 1996-12-30 fl Eliminated circular references in decoder (0.3)
# 1998-07-12 fl Read/write 16-bit images as mode I (0.4)
# 2001-02-08 fl Added transparency support (from Zircon) (0.5)
# 2001-04-16 fl Don't close data source in "open" method (0.6)
# 2004-02-24 fl Don't even pretend to support interlaced files (0.7)
# 2004-08-31 fl Do basic sanity check on chunk identifiers (0.8)
# 2004-09-20 fl Added PngInfo chunk container
# 2004-12-18 fl Added DPI read support (based on code by Niki Spahiev)
# 2008-08-13 fl Added tRNS support for RGB images
# 2009-03-06 fl Support for preserving ICC profiles (by Florian Hoech)
# 2009-03-08 fl Added zTXT support (from Lowell Alleman)
# 2009-03-29 fl Read interlaced PNG files (from Conrado Porto Lopes Gouvua)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from __future__ import print_function
__version__ = "0.9"
import re
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
import zlib
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
is_cid = re.compile(b"\w\w\w\w").match
_MAGIC = b"\211PNG\r\n\032\n"
_MODES = {
# supported bits/color combinations, and corresponding modes/rawmodes
(1, 0): ("1", "1"),
(2, 0): ("L", "L;2"),
(4, 0): ("L", "L;4"),
(8, 0): ("L", "L"),
(16, 0): ("I", "I;16B"),
(8, 2): ("RGB", "RGB"),
(16, 2): ("RGB", "RGB;16B"),
(1, 3): ("P", "P;1"),
(2, 3): ("P", "P;2"),
(4, 3): ("P", "P;4"),
(8, 3): ("P", "P"),
(8, 4): ("LA", "LA"),
(16, 4): ("RGBA", "LA;16B"), # LA;16B->LA not yet available
(8, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA"),
(16, 6): ("RGBA", "RGBA;16B"),
}
_simple_palette = re.compile(b'^\xff+\x00\xff*$')
# Maximum decompressed size for a iTXt or zTXt chunk.
# Eliminates decompression bombs where compressed chunks can expand 1000x
MAX_TEXT_CHUNK = ImageFile.SAFEBLOCK
# Set the maximum total text chunk size.
MAX_TEXT_MEMORY = 64 * MAX_TEXT_CHUNK
def _safe_zlib_decompress(s):
dobj = zlib.decompressobj()
plaintext = dobj.decompress(s, MAX_TEXT_CHUNK)
if dobj.unconsumed_tail:
raise ValueError("Decompressed Data Too Large")
return plaintext
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Support classes. Suitable for PNG and related formats like MNG etc.
class ChunkStream:
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
self.queue = []
if not hasattr(Image.core, "crc32"):
self.crc = self.crc_skip
def read(self):
"Fetch a new chunk. Returns header information."
if self.queue:
cid, pos, length = self.queue[-1]
del self.queue[-1]
self.fp.seek(pos)
else:
s = self.fp.read(8)
cid = s[4:]
pos = self.fp.tell()
length = i32(s)
if not is_cid(cid):
raise SyntaxError("broken PNG file (chunk %s)" % repr(cid))
return cid, pos, length
def close(self):
self.queue = self.crc = self.fp = None
def push(self, cid, pos, length):
self.queue.append((cid, pos, length))
def call(self, cid, pos, length):
"Call the appropriate chunk handler"
if Image.DEBUG:
print("STREAM", cid, pos, length)
return getattr(self, "chunk_" + cid.decode('ascii'))(pos, length)
def crc(self, cid, data):
"Read and verify checksum"
crc1 = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
crc2 = i16(self.fp.read(2)), i16(self.fp.read(2))
if crc1 != crc2:
raise SyntaxError("broken PNG file"
"(bad header checksum in %s)" % cid)
def crc_skip(self, cid, data):
"Read checksum. Used if the C module is not present"
self.fp.read(4)
def verify(self, endchunk=b"IEND"):
# Simple approach; just calculate checksum for all remaining
# blocks. Must be called directly after open.
cids = []
while True:
cid, pos, length = self.read()
if cid == endchunk:
break
self.crc(cid, ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length))
cids.append(cid)
return cids
class iTXt(str):
"""
Subclass of string to allow iTXt chunks to look like strings while
keeping their extra information
"""
@staticmethod
def __new__(cls, text, lang, tkey):
"""
:param value: value for this key
:param lang: language code
:param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
"""
self = str.__new__(cls, text)
self.lang = lang
self.tkey = tkey
return self
class PngInfo:
"""
PNG chunk container (for use with save(pnginfo=))
"""
def __init__(self):
self.chunks = []
def add(self, cid, data):
"""Appends an arbitrary chunk. Use with caution.
:param cid: a byte string, 4 bytes long.
:param data: a byte string of the encoded data
"""
self.chunks.append((cid, data))
def add_itxt(self, key, value, lang="", tkey="", zip=False):
"""Appends an iTXt chunk.
:param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
:param value: value for this key
:param lang: language code
:param tkey: UTF-8 version of the key name
:param zip: compression flag
"""
if not isinstance(key, bytes):
key = key.encode("latin-1", "strict")
if not isinstance(value, bytes):
value = value.encode("utf-8", "strict")
if not isinstance(lang, bytes):
lang = lang.encode("utf-8", "strict")
if not isinstance(tkey, bytes):
tkey = tkey.encode("utf-8", "strict")
if zip:
self.add(b"iTXt", key + b"\0\x01\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" +
zlib.compress(value))
else:
self.add(b"iTXt", key + b"\0\0\0" + lang + b"\0" + tkey + b"\0" +
value)
def add_text(self, key, value, zip=0):
"""Appends a text chunk.
:param key: latin-1 encodable text key name
:param value: value for this key, text or an
:py:class:`PIL.PngImagePlugin.iTXt` instance
:param zip: compression flag
"""
if isinstance(value, iTXt):
return self.add_itxt(key, value, value.lang, value.tkey, bool(zip))
# The tEXt chunk stores latin-1 text
if not isinstance(value, bytes):
try:
value = value.encode('latin-1', 'strict')
except UnicodeError:
return self.add_itxt(key, value, zip=bool(zip))
if not isinstance(key, bytes):
key = key.encode('latin-1', 'strict')
if zip:
self.add(b"zTXt", key + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(value))
else:
self.add(b"tEXt", key + b"\0" + value)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG image stream (IHDR/IEND)
class PngStream(ChunkStream):
def __init__(self, fp):
ChunkStream.__init__(self, fp)
# local copies of Image attributes
self.im_info = {}
self.im_text = {}
self.im_size = (0, 0)
self.im_mode = None
self.im_tile = None
self.im_palette = None
self.text_memory = 0
def check_text_memory(self, chunklen):
self.text_memory += chunklen
if self.text_memory > MAX_TEXT_MEMORY:
raise ValueError("Too much memory used in text chunks: %s>MAX_TEXT_MEMORY" %
self.text_memory)
def chunk_iCCP(self, pos, length):
# ICC profile
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
# according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
# Profile name 1-79 bytes (character string)
# Null separator 1 byte (null character)
# Compression method 1 byte (0)
# Compressed profile n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
i = s.find(b"\0")
if Image.DEBUG:
print("iCCP profile name", s[:i])
print("Compression method", i8(s[i]))
comp_method = i8(s[i])
if comp_method != 0:
raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in iCCP chunk" %
comp_method)
try:
icc_profile = _safe_zlib_decompress(s[i+2:])
except zlib.error:
icc_profile = None # FIXME
self.im_info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
return s
def chunk_IHDR(self, pos, length):
# image header
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
self.im_size = i32(s), i32(s[4:])
try:
self.im_mode, self.im_rawmode = _MODES[(i8(s[8]), i8(s[9]))]
except:
pass
if i8(s[12]):
self.im_info["interlace"] = 1
if i8(s[11]):
raise SyntaxError("unknown filter category")
return s
def chunk_IDAT(self, pos, length):
# image data
self.im_tile = [("zip", (0, 0)+self.im_size, pos, self.im_rawmode)]
self.im_idat = length
raise EOFError
def chunk_IEND(self, pos, length):
# end of PNG image
raise EOFError
def chunk_PLTE(self, pos, length):
# palette
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
if self.im_mode == "P":
self.im_palette = "RGB", s
return s
def chunk_tRNS(self, pos, length):
# transparency
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
if self.im_mode == "P":
if _simple_palette.match(s):
i = s.find(b"\0")
if i >= 0:
self.im_info["transparency"] = i
else:
self.im_info["transparency"] = s
elif self.im_mode == "L":
self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s)
elif self.im_mode == "RGB":
self.im_info["transparency"] = i16(s), i16(s[2:]), i16(s[4:])
return s
def chunk_gAMA(self, pos, length):
# gamma setting
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
self.im_info["gamma"] = i32(s) / 100000.0
return s
def chunk_pHYs(self, pos, length):
# pixels per unit
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
px, py = i32(s), i32(s[4:])
unit = i8(s[8])
if unit == 1: # meter
dpi = int(px * 0.0254 + 0.5), int(py * 0.0254 + 0.5)
self.im_info["dpi"] = dpi
elif unit == 0:
self.im_info["aspect"] = px, py
return s
def chunk_tEXt(self, pos, length):
# text
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
# fallback for broken tEXt tags
k = s
v = b""
if k:
if bytes is not str:
k = k.decode('latin-1', 'strict')
v = v.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
def chunk_zTXt(self, pos, length):
# compressed text
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, v = s.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
k = s
v = b""
if v:
comp_method = i8(v[0])
else:
comp_method = 0
if comp_method != 0:
raise SyntaxError("Unknown compression method %s in zTXt chunk" %
comp_method)
try:
v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v[1:])
except zlib.error:
v = b""
if k:
if bytes is not str:
k = k.decode('latin-1', 'strict')
v = v.decode('latin-1', 'replace')
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = v
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
def chunk_iTXt(self, pos, length):
# international text
r = s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
try:
k, r = r.split(b"\0", 1)
except ValueError:
return s
if len(r) < 2:
return s
cf, cm, r = i8(r[0]), i8(r[1]), r[2:]
try:
lang, tk, v = r.split(b"\0", 2)
except ValueError:
return s
if cf != 0:
if cm == 0:
try:
v = _safe_zlib_decompress(v)
except zlib.error:
return s
else:
return s
if bytes is not str:
try:
k = k.decode("latin-1", "strict")
lang = lang.decode("utf-8", "strict")
tk = tk.decode("utf-8", "strict")
v = v.decode("utf-8", "strict")
except UnicodeError:
return s
self.im_info[k] = self.im_text[k] = iTXt(v, lang, tk)
self.check_text_memory(len(v))
return s
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG reader
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:8] == _MAGIC
##
# Image plugin for PNG images.
class PngImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PNG"
format_description = "Portable network graphics"
def _open(self):
if self.fp.read(8) != _MAGIC:
raise SyntaxError("not a PNG file")
#
# Parse headers up to the first IDAT chunk
self.png = PngStream(self.fp)
while True:
#
# get next chunk
cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
try:
s = self.png.call(cid, pos, length)
except EOFError:
break
except AttributeError:
if Image.DEBUG:
print(cid, pos, length, "(unknown)")
s = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp, length)
self.png.crc(cid, s)
#
# Copy relevant attributes from the PngStream. An alternative
# would be to let the PngStream class modify these attributes
# directly, but that introduces circular references which are
# difficult to break if things go wrong in the decoder...
# (believe me, I've tried ;-)
self.mode = self.png.im_mode
self.size = self.png.im_size
self.info = self.png.im_info
self.text = self.png.im_text # experimental
self.tile = self.png.im_tile
if self.png.im_palette:
rawmode, data = self.png.im_palette
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(rawmode, data)
self.__idat = length # used by load_read()
def verify(self):
"Verify PNG file"
if self.fp is None:
raise RuntimeError("verify must be called directly after open")
# back up to beginning of IDAT block
self.fp.seek(self.tile[0][2] - 8)
self.png.verify()
self.png.close()
self.fp = None
def load_prepare(self):
"internal: prepare to read PNG file"
if self.info.get("interlace"):
self.decoderconfig = self.decoderconfig + (1,)
ImageFile.ImageFile.load_prepare(self)
def load_read(self, read_bytes):
"internal: read more image data"
while self.__idat == 0:
# end of chunk, skip forward to next one
self.fp.read(4) # CRC
cid, pos, length = self.png.read()
if cid not in [b"IDAT", b"DDAT"]:
self.png.push(cid, pos, length)
return b""
self.__idat = length # empty chunks are allowed
# read more data from this chunk
if read_bytes <= 0:
read_bytes = self.__idat
else:
read_bytes = min(read_bytes, self.__idat)
self.__idat = self.__idat - read_bytes
return self.fp.read(read_bytes)
def load_end(self):
"internal: finished reading image data"
self.png.close()
self.png = None
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG writer
o8 = _binary.o8
o16 = _binary.o16be
o32 = _binary.o32be
_OUTMODES = {
# supported PIL modes, and corresponding rawmodes/bits/color combinations
"1": ("1", b'\x01\x00'),
"L;1": ("L;1", b'\x01\x00'),
"L;2": ("L;2", b'\x02\x00'),
"L;4": ("L;4", b'\x04\x00'),
"L": ("L", b'\x08\x00'),
"LA": ("LA", b'\x08\x04'),
"I": ("I;16B", b'\x10\x00'),
"P;1": ("P;1", b'\x01\x03'),
"P;2": ("P;2", b'\x02\x03'),
"P;4": ("P;4", b'\x04\x03'),
"P": ("P", b'\x08\x03'),
"RGB": ("RGB", b'\x08\x02'),
"RGBA": ("RGBA", b'\x08\x06'),
}
def putchunk(fp, cid, *data):
"Write a PNG chunk (including CRC field)"
data = b"".join(data)
fp.write(o32(len(data)) + cid)
fp.write(data)
hi, lo = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
fp.write(o16(hi) + o16(lo))
class _idat:
# wrap output from the encoder in IDAT chunks
def __init__(self, fp, chunk):
self.fp = fp
self.chunk = chunk
def write(self, data):
self.chunk(self.fp, b"IDAT", data)
def _save(im, fp, filename, chunk=putchunk, check=0):
# save an image to disk (called by the save method)
mode = im.mode
if mode == "P":
#
# attempt to minimize storage requirements for palette images
if "bits" in im.encoderinfo:
# number of bits specified by user
colors = 1 << im.encoderinfo["bits"]
else:
# check palette contents
if im.palette:
colors = max(min(len(im.palette.getdata()[1])//3, 256), 2)
else:
colors = 256
if colors <= 2:
bits = 1
elif colors <= 4:
bits = 2
elif colors <= 16:
bits = 4
else:
bits = 8
if bits != 8:
mode = "%s;%d" % (mode, bits)
# encoder options
if "dictionary" in im.encoderinfo:
dictionary = im.encoderinfo["dictionary"]
else:
dictionary = b""
im.encoderconfig = ("optimize" in im.encoderinfo,
im.encoderinfo.get("compress_level", -1),
im.encoderinfo.get("compress_type", -1),
dictionary)
# get the corresponding PNG mode
try:
rawmode, mode = _OUTMODES[mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as PNG" % mode)
if check:
return check
#
# write minimal PNG file
fp.write(_MAGIC)
chunk(fp, b"IHDR",
o32(im.size[0]), o32(im.size[1]), # 0: size
mode, # 8: depth/type
b'\0', # 10: compression
b'\0', # 11: filter category
b'\0') # 12: interlace flag
if im.mode == "P":
palette_byte_number = (2 ** bits) * 3
palette_bytes = im.im.getpalette("RGB")[:palette_byte_number]
while len(palette_bytes) < palette_byte_number:
palette_bytes += b'\0'
chunk(fp, b"PLTE", palette_bytes)
transparency = im.encoderinfo.get('transparency',
im.info.get('transparency', None))
if transparency or transparency == 0:
if im.mode == "P":
# limit to actual palette size
alpha_bytes = 2**bits
if isinstance(transparency, bytes):
chunk(fp, b"tRNS", transparency[:alpha_bytes])
else:
transparency = max(0, min(255, transparency))
alpha = b'\xFF' * transparency + b'\0'
chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])
elif im.mode == "L":
transparency = max(0, min(65535, transparency))
chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(transparency))
elif im.mode == "RGB":
red, green, blue = transparency
chunk(fp, b"tRNS", o16(red) + o16(green) + o16(blue))
else:
if "transparency" in im.encoderinfo:
# don't bother with transparency if it's an RGBA
# and it's in the info dict. It's probably just stale.
raise IOError("cannot use transparency for this mode")
else:
if im.mode == "P" and im.im.getpalettemode() == "RGBA":
alpha = im.im.getpalette("RGBA", "A")
alpha_bytes = 2**bits
chunk(fp, b"tRNS", alpha[:alpha_bytes])
if 0:
# FIXME: to be supported some day
chunk(fp, b"gAMA", o32(int(gamma * 100000.0)))
dpi = im.encoderinfo.get("dpi")
if dpi:
chunk(fp, b"pHYs",
o32(int(dpi[0] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
o32(int(dpi[1] / 0.0254 + 0.5)),
b'\x01')
info = im.encoderinfo.get("pnginfo")
if info:
for cid, data in info.chunks:
chunk(fp, cid, data)
# ICC profile writing support -- 2008-06-06 Florian Hoech
if im.info.get("icc_profile"):
# ICC profile
# according to PNG spec, the iCCP chunk contains:
# Profile name 1-79 bytes (character string)
# Null separator 1 byte (null character)
# Compression method 1 byte (0)
# Compressed profile n bytes (zlib with deflate compression)
name = b"ICC Profile"
data = name + b"\0\0" + zlib.compress(im.info["icc_profile"])
chunk(fp, b"iCCP", data)
ImageFile._save(im, _idat(fp, chunk),
[("zip", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, rawmode)])
chunk(fp, b"IEND", b"")
try:
fp.flush()
except:
pass
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# PNG chunk converter
def getchunks(im, **params):
"""Return a list of PNG chunks representing this image."""
class collector:
data = []
def write(self, data):
pass
def append(self, chunk):
self.data.append(chunk)
def append(fp, cid, *data):
data = b"".join(data)
hi, lo = Image.core.crc32(data, Image.core.crc32(cid))
crc = o16(hi) + o16(lo)
fp.append((cid, data, crc))
fp = collector()
try:
im.encoderinfo = params
_save(im, fp, None, append)
finally:
del im.encoderinfo
return fp.data
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open("PNG", PngImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("PNG", _save)
Image.register_extension("PNG", ".png")
Image.register_mime("PNG", "image/png")

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@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# PPM support for PIL
#
# History:
# 96-03-24 fl Created
# 98-03-06 fl Write RGBA images (as RGB, that is)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-98.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
import string
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
b_whitespace = string.whitespace
try:
import locale
locale_lang, locale_enc = locale.getlocale()
if locale_enc is None:
locale_lang, locale_enc = locale.getdefaultlocale()
b_whitespace = b_whitespace.decode(locale_enc)
except:
pass
b_whitespace = b_whitespace.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
MODES = {
# standard
b"P4": "1",
b"P5": "L",
b"P6": "RGB",
# extensions
b"P0CMYK": "CMYK",
# PIL extensions (for test purposes only)
b"PyP": "P",
b"PyRGBA": "RGBA",
b"PyCMYK": "CMYK"
}
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[0:1] == b"P" and prefix[1] in b"0456y"
##
# Image plugin for PBM, PGM, and PPM images.
class PpmImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PPM"
format_description = "Pbmplus image"
def _token(self, s=b""):
while True: # read until next whitespace
c = self.fp.read(1)
if not c or c in b_whitespace:
break
if c > b'\x79':
raise ValueError("Expected ASCII value, found binary")
s = s + c
if (len(s) > 9):
raise ValueError("Expected int, got > 9 digits")
return s
def _open(self):
# check magic
s = self.fp.read(1)
if s != b"P":
raise SyntaxError("not a PPM file")
mode = MODES[self._token(s)]
if mode == "1":
self.mode = "1"
rawmode = "1;I"
else:
self.mode = rawmode = mode
for ix in range(3):
while True:
while True:
s = self.fp.read(1)
if s not in b_whitespace:
break
if s != b"#":
break
s = self.fp.readline()
s = int(self._token(s))
if ix == 0:
xsize = s
elif ix == 1:
ysize = s
if mode == "1":
break
elif ix == 2:
# maxgrey
if s > 255:
if not mode == 'L':
raise ValueError("Too many colors for band: %s" % s)
if s < 2**16:
self.mode = 'I'
rawmode = 'I;16B'
else:
self.mode = 'I'
rawmode = 'I;32B'
self.size = xsize, ysize
self.tile = [("raw",
(0, 0, xsize, ysize),
self.fp.tell(),
(rawmode, 0, 1))]
# ALTERNATIVE: load via builtin debug function
# self.im = Image.core.open_ppm(self.filename)
# self.mode = self.im.mode
# self.size = self.im.size
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode == "1":
rawmode, head = "1;I", b"P4"
elif im.mode == "L":
rawmode, head = "L", b"P5"
elif im.mode == "I":
if im.getextrema()[1] < 2**16:
rawmode, head = "I;16B", b"P5"
else:
rawmode, head = "I;32B", b"P5"
elif im.mode == "RGB":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
elif im.mode == "RGBA":
rawmode, head = "RGB", b"P6"
else:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as PPM" % im.mode)
fp.write(head + ("\n%d %d\n" % im.size).encode('ascii'))
if head == b"P6":
fp.write(b"255\n")
if head == b"P5":
if rawmode == "L":
fp.write(b"255\n")
elif rawmode == "I;16B":
fp.write(b"65535\n")
elif rawmode == "I;32B":
fp.write(b"2147483648\n")
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))])
# ALTERNATIVE: save via builtin debug function
# im._dump(filename)
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("PPM", PpmImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("PPM", _save)
Image.register_extension("PPM", ".pbm")
Image.register_extension("PPM", ".pgm")
Image.register_extension("PPM", ".ppm")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# Adobe PSD 2.5/3.0 file handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 1997-01-03 fl Read most PSD images
# 1997-01-18 fl Fixed P and CMYK support
# 2001-10-21 fl Added seek/tell support (for layers)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2001 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.4"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
MODES = {
# (photoshop mode, bits) -> (pil mode, required channels)
(0, 1): ("1", 1),
(0, 8): ("L", 1),
(1, 8): ("L", 1),
(2, 8): ("P", 1),
(3, 8): ("RGB", 3),
(4, 8): ("CMYK", 4),
(7, 8): ("L", 1), # FIXME: multilayer
(8, 8): ("L", 1), # duotone
(9, 8): ("LAB", 3)
}
#
# helpers
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
# --------------------------------------------------------------------.
# read PSD images
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:4] == b"8BPS"
##
# Image plugin for Photoshop images.
class PsdImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "PSD"
format_description = "Adobe Photoshop"
def _open(self):
read = self.fp.read
#
# header
s = read(26)
if s[:4] != b"8BPS" or i16(s[4:]) != 1:
raise SyntaxError("not a PSD file")
psd_bits = i16(s[22:])
psd_channels = i16(s[12:])
psd_mode = i16(s[24:])
mode, channels = MODES[(psd_mode, psd_bits)]
if channels > psd_channels:
raise IOError("not enough channels")
self.mode = mode
self.size = i32(s[18:]), i32(s[14:])
#
# color mode data
size = i32(read(4))
if size:
data = read(size)
if mode == "P" and size == 768:
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", data)
#
# image resources
self.resources = []
size = i32(read(4))
if size:
# load resources
end = self.fp.tell() + size
while self.fp.tell() < end:
signature = read(4)
id = i16(read(2))
name = read(i8(read(1)))
if not (len(name) & 1):
read(1) # padding
data = read(i32(read(4)))
if (len(data) & 1):
read(1) # padding
self.resources.append((id, name, data))
if id == 1039: # ICC profile
self.info["icc_profile"] = data
#
# layer and mask information
self.layers = []
size = i32(read(4))
if size:
end = self.fp.tell() + size
size = i32(read(4))
if size:
self.layers = _layerinfo(self.fp)
self.fp.seek(end)
#
# image descriptor
self.tile = _maketile(self.fp, mode, (0, 0) + self.size, channels)
# keep the file open
self._fp = self.fp
self.frame = 0
def seek(self, layer):
# seek to given layer (1..max)
if layer == self.frame:
return
try:
if layer <= 0:
raise IndexError
name, mode, bbox, tile = self.layers[layer-1]
self.mode = mode
self.tile = tile
self.frame = layer
self.fp = self._fp
return name, bbox
except IndexError:
raise EOFError("no such layer")
def tell(self):
# return layer number (0=image, 1..max=layers)
return self.frame
def load_prepare(self):
# create image memory if necessary
if not self.im or\
self.im.mode != self.mode or self.im.size != self.size:
self.im = Image.core.fill(self.mode, self.size, 0)
# create palette (optional)
if self.mode == "P":
Image.Image.load(self)
def _layerinfo(file):
# read layerinfo block
layers = []
read = file.read
for i in range(abs(i16(read(2)))):
# bounding box
y0 = i32(read(4))
x0 = i32(read(4))
y1 = i32(read(4))
x1 = i32(read(4))
# image info
info = []
mode = []
types = list(range(i16(read(2))))
if len(types) > 4:
continue
for i in types:
type = i16(read(2))
if type == 65535:
m = "A"
else:
m = "RGBA"[type]
mode.append(m)
size = i32(read(4))
info.append((m, size))
# figure out the image mode
mode.sort()
if mode == ["R"]:
mode = "L"
elif mode == ["B", "G", "R"]:
mode = "RGB"
elif mode == ["A", "B", "G", "R"]:
mode = "RGBA"
else:
mode = None # unknown
# skip over blend flags and extra information
filler = read(12)
name = ""
size = i32(read(4))
combined = 0
if size:
length = i32(read(4))
if length:
mask_y = i32(read(4))
mask_x = i32(read(4))
mask_h = i32(read(4)) - mask_y
mask_w = i32(read(4)) - mask_x
file.seek(length - 16, 1)
combined += length + 4
length = i32(read(4))
if length:
file.seek(length, 1)
combined += length + 4
length = i8(read(1))
if length:
# Don't know the proper encoding,
# Latin-1 should be a good guess
name = read(length).decode('latin-1', 'replace')
combined += length + 1
file.seek(size - combined, 1)
layers.append((name, mode, (x0, y0, x1, y1)))
# get tiles
i = 0
for name, mode, bbox in layers:
tile = []
for m in mode:
t = _maketile(file, m, bbox, 1)
if t:
tile.extend(t)
layers[i] = name, mode, bbox, tile
i += 1
return layers
def _maketile(file, mode, bbox, channels):
tile = None
read = file.read
compression = i16(read(2))
xsize = bbox[2] - bbox[0]
ysize = bbox[3] - bbox[1]
offset = file.tell()
if compression == 0:
#
# raw compression
tile = []
for channel in range(channels):
layer = mode[channel]
if mode == "CMYK":
layer += ";I"
tile.append(("raw", bbox, offset, layer))
offset = offset + xsize*ysize
elif compression == 1:
#
# packbits compression
i = 0
tile = []
bytecount = read(channels * ysize * 2)
offset = file.tell()
for channel in range(channels):
layer = mode[channel]
if mode == "CMYK":
layer += ";I"
tile.append(
("packbits", bbox, offset, layer)
)
for y in range(ysize):
offset = offset + i16(bytecount[i:i+2])
i += 2
file.seek(offset)
if offset & 1:
read(1) # padding
return tile
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# registry
Image.register_open("PSD", PsdImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("PSD", ".psd")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# Pillow fork
#
# Python implementation of the PixelAccess Object
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2009 by Secret Labs AB. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) 1995-2009 by Fredrik Lundh.
# Copyright (c) 2013 Eric Soroos
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution
#
# Notes:
#
# * Implements the pixel access object following Access.
# * Does not implement the line functions, as they don't appear to be used
# * Taking only the tuple form, which is used from python.
# * Fill.c uses the integer form, but it's still going to use the old
# Access.c implementation.
#
from __future__ import print_function
from cffi import FFI
import sys
DEBUG = 0
defs = """
struct Pixel_RGBA {
unsigned char r,g,b,a;
};
struct Pixel_I16 {
unsigned char l,r;
};
"""
ffi = FFI()
ffi.cdef(defs)
class PyAccess(object):
def __init__(self, img, readonly=False):
vals = dict(img.im.unsafe_ptrs)
self.readonly = readonly
self.image8 = ffi.cast('unsigned char **', vals['image8'])
self.image32 = ffi.cast('int **', vals['image32'])
self.image = ffi.cast('unsigned char **', vals['image'])
self.xsize = vals['xsize']
self.ysize = vals['ysize']
if DEBUG:
print (vals)
self._post_init()
def _post_init():
pass
def __setitem__(self, xy, color):
"""
Modifies the pixel at x,y. The color is given as a single
numerical value for single band images, and a tuple for
multi-band images
:param xy: The pixel coordinate, given as (x, y).
:param value: The pixel value.
"""
if self.readonly:
raise ValueError('Attempt to putpixel a read only image')
(x, y) = self.check_xy(xy)
return self.set_pixel(x, y, color)
def __getitem__(self, xy):
"""
Returns the pixel at x,y. The pixel is returned as a single
value for single band images or a tuple for multiple band
images
:param xy: The pixel coordinate, given as (x, y).
:returns: a pixel value for single band images, a tuple of
pixel values for multiband images.
"""
(x, y) = self.check_xy(xy)
return self.get_pixel(x, y)
putpixel = __setitem__
getpixel = __getitem__
def check_xy(self, xy):
(x, y) = xy
if not (0 <= x < self.xsize and 0 <= y < self.ysize):
raise ValueError('pixel location out of range')
return xy
class _PyAccess32_2(PyAccess):
""" PA, LA, stored in first and last bytes of a 32 bit word """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast("struct Pixel_RGBA **", self.image32)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
return (pixel.r, pixel.a)
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
# tuple
pixel.r = min(color[0], 255)
pixel.a = min(color[1], 255)
class _PyAccess32_3(PyAccess):
""" RGB and friends, stored in the first three bytes of a 32 bit word """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast("struct Pixel_RGBA **", self.image32)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
return (pixel.r, pixel.g, pixel.b)
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
# tuple
pixel.r = min(color[0], 255)
pixel.g = min(color[1], 255)
pixel.b = min(color[2], 255)
class _PyAccess32_4(PyAccess):
""" RGBA etc, all 4 bytes of a 32 bit word """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast("struct Pixel_RGBA **", self.image32)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
return (pixel.r, pixel.g, pixel.b, pixel.a)
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
# tuple
pixel.r = min(color[0], 255)
pixel.g = min(color[1], 255)
pixel.b = min(color[2], 255)
pixel.a = min(color[3], 255)
class _PyAccess8(PyAccess):
""" 1, L, P, 8 bit images stored as uint8 """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = self.image8
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
return self.pixels[y][x]
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
try:
# integer
self.pixels[y][x] = min(color, 255)
except:
# tuple
self.pixels[y][x] = min(color[0], 255)
class _PyAccessI16_N(PyAccess):
""" I;16 access, native bitendian without conversion """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast('unsigned short **', self.image)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
return self.pixels[y][x]
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
try:
# integer
self.pixels[y][x] = min(color, 65535)
except:
# tuple
self.pixels[y][x] = min(color[0], 65535)
class _PyAccessI16_L(PyAccess):
""" I;16L access, with conversion """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast('struct Pixel_I16 **', self.image)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
return pixel.l + pixel.r * 256
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
try:
color = min(color, 65535)
except:
color = min(color[0], 65535)
pixel.l = color & 0xFF
pixel.r = color >> 8
class _PyAccessI16_B(PyAccess):
""" I;16B access, with conversion """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast('struct Pixel_I16 **', self.image)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
return pixel.l * 256 + pixel.r
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
pixel = self.pixels[y][x]
try:
color = min(color, 65535)
except:
color = min(color[0], 65535)
pixel.l = color >> 8
pixel.r = color & 0xFF
class _PyAccessI32_N(PyAccess):
""" Signed Int32 access, native endian """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = self.image32
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
return self.pixels[y][x]
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
self.pixels[y][x] = color
class _PyAccessI32_Swap(PyAccess):
""" I;32L/B access, with byteswapping conversion """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = self.image32
def reverse(self, i):
orig = ffi.new('int *', i)
chars = ffi.cast('unsigned char *', orig)
chars[0], chars[1], chars[2], chars[3] = chars[3], chars[2], \
chars[1], chars[0]
return ffi.cast('int *', chars)[0]
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
return self.reverse(self.pixels[y][x])
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
self.pixels[y][x] = self.reverse(color)
class _PyAccessF(PyAccess):
""" 32 bit float access """
def _post_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.pixels = ffi.cast('float **', self.image32)
def get_pixel(self, x, y):
return self.pixels[y][x]
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color):
try:
# not a tuple
self.pixels[y][x] = color
except:
# tuple
self.pixels[y][x] = color[0]
mode_map = {'1': _PyAccess8,
'L': _PyAccess8,
'P': _PyAccess8,
'LA': _PyAccess32_2,
'PA': _PyAccess32_2,
'RGB': _PyAccess32_3,
'LAB': _PyAccess32_3,
'HSV': _PyAccess32_3,
'YCbCr': _PyAccess32_3,
'RGBA': _PyAccess32_4,
'RGBa': _PyAccess32_4,
'RGBX': _PyAccess32_4,
'CMYK': _PyAccess32_4,
'F': _PyAccessF,
'I': _PyAccessI32_N,
}
if sys.byteorder == 'little':
mode_map['I;16'] = _PyAccessI16_N
mode_map['I;16L'] = _PyAccessI16_N
mode_map['I;16B'] = _PyAccessI16_B
mode_map['I;32L'] = _PyAccessI32_N
mode_map['I;32B'] = _PyAccessI32_Swap
else:
mode_map['I;16'] = _PyAccessI16_L
mode_map['I;16L'] = _PyAccessI16_L
mode_map['I;16B'] = _PyAccessI16_N
mode_map['I;32L'] = _PyAccessI32_Swap
mode_map['I;32B'] = _PyAccessI32_N
def new(img, readonly=False):
access_type = mode_map.get(img.mode, None)
if not access_type:
if DEBUG:
print("PyAccess Not Implemented: %s" % img.mode)
return None
if DEBUG:
print("New PyAccess: %s" % img.mode)
return access_type(img, readonly)
# End of file

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# SGI image file handling
#
# See "The SGI Image File Format (Draft version 0.97)", Paul Haeberli.
# <ftp://ftp.sgi.com/graphics/SGIIMAGESPEC>
#
# History:
# 1995-09-10 fl Created
#
# Copyright (c) 2008 by Karsten Hiddemann.
# Copyright (c) 1997 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 1995 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
def _accept(prefix):
return i16(prefix) == 474
##
# Image plugin for SGI images.
class SgiImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "SGI"
format_description = "SGI Image File Format"
def _open(self):
# HEAD
s = self.fp.read(512)
if i16(s) != 474:
raise ValueError("Not an SGI image file")
# relevant header entries
compression = i8(s[2])
# bytes, dimension, zsize
layout = i8(s[3]), i16(s[4:]), i16(s[10:])
# determine mode from bytes/zsize
if layout == (1, 2, 1) or layout == (1, 1, 1):
self.mode = "L"
elif layout == (1, 3, 3):
self.mode = "RGB"
elif layout == (1, 3, 4):
self.mode = "RGBA"
else:
raise ValueError("Unsupported SGI image mode")
# size
self.size = i16(s[6:]), i16(s[8:])
# decoder info
if compression == 0:
offset = 512
pagesize = self.size[0]*self.size[1]*layout[0]
self.tile = []
for layer in self.mode:
self.tile.append(
("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offset, (layer, 0, -1)))
offset = offset + pagesize
elif compression == 1:
raise ValueError("SGI RLE encoding not supported")
#
# registry
Image.register_open("SGI", SgiImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("SGI", ".bw")
Image.register_extension("SGI", ".rgb")
Image.register_extension("SGI", ".rgba")
Image.register_extension("SGI", ".sgi")
# End of file

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
#
# SPIDER image file handling
#
# History:
# 2004-08-02 Created BB
# 2006-03-02 added save method
# 2006-03-13 added support for stack images
#
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Health Research Inc. (HRI) RENSSELAER, NY 12144.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by William Baxter.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Secret Labs AB.
# Copyright (c) 2004 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
##
# Image plugin for the Spider image format. This format is is used
# by the SPIDER software, in processing image data from electron
# microscopy and tomography.
##
#
# SpiderImagePlugin.py
#
# The Spider image format is used by SPIDER software, in processing
# image data from electron microscopy and tomography.
#
# Spider home page:
# http://www.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/spider.html
#
# Details about the Spider image format:
# http://www.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/image_doc.html
#
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
import os
import struct
import sys
def isInt(f):
try:
i = int(f)
if f-i == 0:
return 1
else:
return 0
except:
return 0
iforms = [1, 3, -11, -12, -21, -22]
# There is no magic number to identify Spider files, so just check a
# series of header locations to see if they have reasonable values.
# Returns no.of bytes in the header, if it is a valid Spider header,
# otherwise returns 0
def isSpiderHeader(t):
h = (99,) + t # add 1 value so can use spider header index start=1
# header values 1,2,5,12,13,22,23 should be integers
for i in [1, 2, 5, 12, 13, 22, 23]:
if not isInt(h[i]):
return 0
# check iform
iform = int(h[5])
if iform not in iforms:
return 0
# check other header values
labrec = int(h[13]) # no. records in file header
labbyt = int(h[22]) # total no. of bytes in header
lenbyt = int(h[23]) # record length in bytes
# print "labrec = %d, labbyt = %d, lenbyt = %d" % (labrec,labbyt,lenbyt)
if labbyt != (labrec * lenbyt):
return 0
# looks like a valid header
return labbyt
def isSpiderImage(filename):
fp = open(filename, 'rb')
f = fp.read(92) # read 23 * 4 bytes
fp.close()
t = struct.unpack('>23f', f) # try big-endian first
hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
if hdrlen == 0:
t = struct.unpack('<23f', f) # little-endian
hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
return hdrlen
class SpiderImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "SPIDER"
format_description = "Spider 2D image"
def _open(self):
# check header
n = 27 * 4 # read 27 float values
f = self.fp.read(n)
try:
self.bigendian = 1
t = struct.unpack('>27f', f) # try big-endian first
hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
if hdrlen == 0:
self.bigendian = 0
t = struct.unpack('<27f', f) # little-endian
hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
if hdrlen == 0:
raise SyntaxError("not a valid Spider file")
except struct.error:
raise SyntaxError("not a valid Spider file")
h = (99,) + t # add 1 value : spider header index starts at 1
iform = int(h[5])
if iform != 1:
raise SyntaxError("not a Spider 2D image")
self.size = int(h[12]), int(h[2]) # size in pixels (width, height)
self.istack = int(h[24])
self.imgnumber = int(h[27])
if self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
# stk=0, img=0: a regular 2D image
offset = hdrlen
self.nimages = 1
elif self.istack > 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
# stk>0, img=0: Opening the stack for the first time
self.imgbytes = int(h[12]) * int(h[2]) * 4
self.hdrlen = hdrlen
self.nimages = int(h[26])
# Point to the first image in the stack
offset = hdrlen * 2
self.imgnumber = 1
elif self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber > 0:
# stk=0, img>0: an image within the stack
offset = hdrlen + self.stkoffset
self.istack = 2 # So Image knows it's still a stack
else:
raise SyntaxError("inconsistent stack header values")
if self.bigendian:
self.rawmode = "F;32BF"
else:
self.rawmode = "F;32F"
self.mode = "F"
self.tile = [
("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset,
(self.rawmode, 0, 1))]
self.__fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
# 1st image index is zero (although SPIDER imgnumber starts at 1)
def tell(self):
if self.imgnumber < 1:
return 0
else:
return self.imgnumber - 1
def seek(self, frame):
if self.istack == 0:
return
if frame >= self.nimages:
raise EOFError("attempt to seek past end of file")
self.stkoffset = self.hdrlen + frame * (self.hdrlen + self.imgbytes)
self.fp = self.__fp
self.fp.seek(self.stkoffset)
self._open()
# returns a byte image after rescaling to 0..255
def convert2byte(self, depth=255):
(min, max) = self.getextrema()
m = 1
if max != min:
m = depth / (max-min)
b = -m * min
return self.point(lambda i, m=m, b=b: i * m + b).convert("L")
# returns a ImageTk.PhotoImage object, after rescaling to 0..255
def tkPhotoImage(self):
from PIL import ImageTk
return ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.convert2byte(), palette=256)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Image series
# given a list of filenames, return a list of images
def loadImageSeries(filelist=None):
" create a list of Image.images for use in montage "
if filelist is None or len(filelist) < 1:
return
imglist = []
for img in filelist:
if not os.path.exists(img):
print("unable to find %s" % img)
continue
try:
im = Image.open(img).convert2byte()
except:
if not isSpiderImage(img):
print(img + " is not a Spider image file")
continue
im.info['filename'] = img
imglist.append(im)
return imglist
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# For saving images in Spider format
def makeSpiderHeader(im):
nsam, nrow = im.size
lenbyt = nsam * 4 # There are labrec records in the header
labrec = 1024 / lenbyt
if 1024 % lenbyt != 0:
labrec += 1
labbyt = labrec * lenbyt
hdr = []
nvalues = int(labbyt / 4)
for i in range(nvalues):
hdr.append(0.0)
if len(hdr) < 23:
return []
# NB these are Fortran indices
hdr[1] = 1.0 # nslice (=1 for an image)
hdr[2] = float(nrow) # number of rows per slice
hdr[5] = 1.0 # iform for 2D image
hdr[12] = float(nsam) # number of pixels per line
hdr[13] = float(labrec) # number of records in file header
hdr[22] = float(labbyt) # total number of bytes in header
hdr[23] = float(lenbyt) # record length in bytes
# adjust for Fortran indexing
hdr = hdr[1:]
hdr.append(0.0)
# pack binary data into a string
hdrstr = []
for v in hdr:
hdrstr.append(struct.pack('f', v))
return hdrstr
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode[0] != "F":
im = im.convert('F')
hdr = makeSpiderHeader(im)
if len(hdr) < 256:
raise IOError("Error creating Spider header")
# write the SPIDER header
try:
fp = open(filename, 'wb')
except:
raise IOError("Unable to open %s for writing" % filename)
fp.writelines(hdr)
rawmode = "F;32NF" # 32-bit native floating point
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, 1))])
fp.close()
def _save_spider(im, fp, filename):
# get the filename extension and register it with Image
fn, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
Image.register_extension("SPIDER", ext)
_save(im, fp, filename)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("SPIDER", SpiderImageFile)
Image.register_save("SPIDER", _save_spider)
if __name__ == "__main__":
if not sys.argv[1:]:
print("Syntax: python SpiderImagePlugin.py Spiderimage [outfile]")
sys.exit()
filename = sys.argv[1]
if not isSpiderImage(filename):
print("input image must be in Spider format")
sys.exit()
outfile = ""
if len(sys.argv[1:]) > 1:
outfile = sys.argv[2]
im = Image.open(filename)
print("image: " + str(im))
print("format: " + str(im.format))
print("size: " + str(im.size))
print("mode: " + str(im.mode))
print("max, min: ", end=' ')
print(im.getextrema())
if outfile != "":
# perform some image operation
im = im.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
print(
"saving a flipped version of %s as %s " %
(os.path.basename(filename), outfile))
im.save(outfile, "SPIDER")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Sun image file handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-10 fl Created
# 1996-05-28 fl Fixed 32-bit alignment
# 1998-12-29 fl Import ImagePalette module
# 2001-12-18 fl Fixed palette loading (from Jean-Claude Rimbault)
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2001 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-1996 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.3"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
i16 = _binary.i16be
i32 = _binary.i32be
def _accept(prefix):
return i32(prefix) == 0x59a66a95
##
# Image plugin for Sun raster files.
class SunImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "SUN"
format_description = "Sun Raster File"
def _open(self):
# HEAD
s = self.fp.read(32)
if i32(s) != 0x59a66a95:
raise SyntaxError("not an SUN raster file")
offset = 32
self.size = i32(s[4:8]), i32(s[8:12])
depth = i32(s[12:16])
if depth == 1:
self.mode, rawmode = "1", "1;I"
elif depth == 8:
self.mode = rawmode = "L"
elif depth == 24:
self.mode, rawmode = "RGB", "BGR"
else:
raise SyntaxError("unsupported mode")
compression = i32(s[20:24])
if i32(s[24:28]) != 0:
length = i32(s[28:32])
offset = offset + length
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB;L", self.fp.read(length))
if self.mode == "L":
self.mode = rawmode = "P"
stride = (((self.size[0] * depth + 7) // 8) + 3) & (~3)
if compression == 1:
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, offset, (rawmode, stride))]
elif compression == 2:
self.tile = [("sun_rle", (0, 0)+self.size, offset, rawmode)]
#
# registry
Image.register_open("SUN", SunImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("SUN", ".ras")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# read files from within a tar file
#
# History:
# 95-06-18 fl Created
# 96-05-28 fl Open files in binary mode
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995-96.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
from PIL import ContainerIO
##
# A file object that provides read access to a given member of a TAR
# file.
class TarIO(ContainerIO.ContainerIO):
##
# Create file object.
#
# @param tarfile Name of TAR file.
# @param file Name of member file.
def __init__(self, tarfile, file):
fh = open(tarfile, "rb")
while True:
s = fh.read(512)
if len(s) != 512:
raise IOError("unexpected end of tar file")
name = s[:100].decode('utf-8')
i = name.find('\0')
if i == 0:
raise IOError("cannot find subfile")
if i > 0:
name = name[:i]
size = int(s[124:135], 8)
if file == name:
break
fh.seek((size + 511) & (~511), 1)
# Open region
ContainerIO.ContainerIO.__init__(self, fh, fh.tell(), size)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# TGA file handling
#
# History:
# 95-09-01 fl created (reads 24-bit files only)
# 97-01-04 fl support more TGA versions, including compressed images
# 98-07-04 fl fixed orientation and alpha layer bugs
# 98-09-11 fl fixed orientation for runlength decoder
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-98.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1995-97.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.3"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read RGA file
i8 = _binary.i8
i16 = _binary.i16le
i32 = _binary.i32le
MODES = {
# map imagetype/depth to rawmode
(1, 8): "P",
(3, 1): "1",
(3, 8): "L",
(2, 16): "BGR;5",
(2, 24): "BGR",
(2, 32): "BGRA",
}
##
# Image plugin for Targa files.
class TgaImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "TGA"
format_description = "Targa"
def _open(self):
# process header
s = self.fp.read(18)
idlen = i8(s[0])
colormaptype = i8(s[1])
imagetype = i8(s[2])
depth = i8(s[16])
flags = i8(s[17])
self.size = i16(s[12:]), i16(s[14:])
# validate header fields
if colormaptype not in (0, 1) or\
self.size[0] <= 0 or self.size[1] <= 0 or\
depth not in (1, 8, 16, 24, 32):
raise SyntaxError("not a TGA file")
# image mode
if imagetype in (3, 11):
self.mode = "L"
if depth == 1:
self.mode = "1" # ???
elif imagetype in (1, 9):
self.mode = "P"
elif imagetype in (2, 10):
self.mode = "RGB"
if depth == 32:
self.mode = "RGBA"
else:
raise SyntaxError("unknown TGA mode")
# orientation
orientation = flags & 0x30
if orientation == 0x20:
orientation = 1
elif not orientation:
orientation = -1
else:
raise SyntaxError("unknown TGA orientation")
self.info["orientation"] = orientation
if imagetype & 8:
self.info["compression"] = "tga_rle"
if idlen:
self.info["id_section"] = self.fp.read(idlen)
if colormaptype:
# read palette
start, size, mapdepth = i16(s[3:]), i16(s[5:]), i16(s[7:])
if mapdepth == 16:
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"BGR;16", b"\0"*2*start + self.fp.read(2*size))
elif mapdepth == 24:
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"BGR", b"\0"*3*start + self.fp.read(3*size))
elif mapdepth == 32:
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
"BGRA", b"\0"*4*start + self.fp.read(4*size))
# setup tile descriptor
try:
rawmode = MODES[(imagetype & 7, depth)]
if imagetype & 8:
# compressed
self.tile = [("tga_rle", (0, 0)+self.size,
self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, orientation, depth))]
else:
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size,
self.fp.tell(), (rawmode, 0, orientation))]
except KeyError:
pass # cannot decode
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Write TGA file
o8 = _binary.o8
o16 = _binary.o16le
o32 = _binary.o32le
SAVE = {
"1": ("1", 1, 0, 3),
"L": ("L", 8, 0, 3),
"P": ("P", 8, 1, 1),
"RGB": ("BGR", 24, 0, 2),
"RGBA": ("BGRA", 32, 0, 2),
}
def _save(im, fp, filename, check=0):
try:
rawmode, bits, colormaptype, imagetype = SAVE[im.mode]
except KeyError:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as TGA" % im.mode)
if check:
return check
if colormaptype:
colormapfirst, colormaplength, colormapentry = 0, 256, 24
else:
colormapfirst, colormaplength, colormapentry = 0, 0, 0
if im.mode == "RGBA":
flags = 8
else:
flags = 0
orientation = im.info.get("orientation", -1)
if orientation > 0:
flags = flags | 0x20
fp.write(b"\000" +
o8(colormaptype) +
o8(imagetype) +
o16(colormapfirst) +
o16(colormaplength) +
o8(colormapentry) +
o16(0) +
o16(0) +
o16(im.size[0]) +
o16(im.size[1]) +
o8(bits) +
o8(flags))
if colormaptype:
fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGR"))
ImageFile._save(
im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, (rawmode, 0, orientation))])
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry
Image.register_open("TGA", TgaImageFile)
Image.register_save("TGA", _save)
Image.register_extension("TGA", ".tga")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# TIFF tags
#
# This module provides clear-text names for various well-known
# TIFF tags. the TIFF codec works just fine without it.
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1999.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
##
# This module provides constants and clear-text names for various
# well-known TIFF tags.
##
##
# Map tag numbers (or tag number, tag value tuples) to tag names.
TAGS = {
254: "NewSubfileType",
255: "SubfileType",
256: "ImageWidth",
257: "ImageLength",
258: "BitsPerSample",
259: "Compression",
(259, 1): "Uncompressed",
(259, 2): "CCITT 1d",
(259, 3): "Group 3 Fax",
(259, 4): "Group 4 Fax",
(259, 5): "LZW",
(259, 6): "JPEG",
(259, 32773): "PackBits",
262: "PhotometricInterpretation",
(262, 0): "WhiteIsZero",
(262, 1): "BlackIsZero",
(262, 2): "RGB",
(262, 3): "RGB Palette",
(262, 4): "Transparency Mask",
(262, 5): "CMYK",
(262, 6): "YCbCr",
(262, 8): "CieLAB",
(262, 32803): "CFA", # TIFF/EP, Adobe DNG
(262, 32892): "LinearRaw", # Adobe DNG
263: "Thresholding",
264: "CellWidth",
265: "CellHeight",
266: "FillOrder",
269: "DocumentName",
270: "ImageDescription",
271: "Make",
272: "Model",
273: "StripOffsets",
274: "Orientation",
277: "SamplesPerPixel",
278: "RowsPerStrip",
279: "StripByteCounts",
280: "MinSampleValue",
281: "MaxSampleValue",
282: "XResolution",
283: "YResolution",
284: "PlanarConfiguration",
(284, 1): "Contigous",
(284, 2): "Separate",
285: "PageName",
286: "XPosition",
287: "YPosition",
288: "FreeOffsets",
289: "FreeByteCounts",
290: "GrayResponseUnit",
291: "GrayResponseCurve",
292: "T4Options",
293: "T6Options",
296: "ResolutionUnit",
297: "PageNumber",
301: "TransferFunction",
305: "Software",
306: "DateTime",
315: "Artist",
316: "HostComputer",
317: "Predictor",
318: "WhitePoint",
319: "PrimaryChromaticies",
320: "ColorMap",
321: "HalftoneHints",
322: "TileWidth",
323: "TileLength",
324: "TileOffsets",
325: "TileByteCounts",
332: "InkSet",
333: "InkNames",
334: "NumberOfInks",
336: "DotRange",
337: "TargetPrinter",
338: "ExtraSamples",
339: "SampleFormat",
340: "SMinSampleValue",
341: "SMaxSampleValue",
342: "TransferRange",
347: "JPEGTables",
# obsolete JPEG tags
512: "JPEGProc",
513: "JPEGInterchangeFormat",
514: "JPEGInterchangeFormatLength",
515: "JPEGRestartInterval",
517: "JPEGLosslessPredictors",
518: "JPEGPointTransforms",
519: "JPEGQTables",
520: "JPEGDCTables",
521: "JPEGACTables",
529: "YCbCrCoefficients",
530: "YCbCrSubSampling",
531: "YCbCrPositioning",
532: "ReferenceBlackWhite",
# XMP
700: "XMP",
33432: "Copyright",
# various extensions (should check specs for "official" names)
33723: "IptcNaaInfo",
34377: "PhotoshopInfo",
# Exif IFD
34665: "ExifIFD",
# ICC Profile
34675: "ICCProfile",
# Additional Exif Info
33434: "ExposureTime",
33437: "FNumber",
34850: "ExposureProgram",
34852: "SpectralSensitivity",
34853: "GPSInfoIFD",
34855: "ISOSpeedRatings",
34856: "OECF",
34864: "SensitivityType",
34865: "StandardOutputSensitivity",
34866: "RecommendedExposureIndex",
34867: "ISOSpeed",
34868: "ISOSpeedLatitudeyyy",
34869: "ISOSpeedLatitudezzz",
36864: "ExifVersion",
36867: "DateTimeOriginal",
36868: "DateTImeDigitized",
37121: "ComponentsConfiguration",
37122: "CompressedBitsPerPixel",
37377: "ShutterSpeedValue",
37378: "ApertureValue",
37379: "BrightnessValue",
37380: "ExposureBiasValue",
37381: "MaxApertureValue",
37382: "SubjectDistance",
37383: "MeteringMode",
37384: "LightSource",
37385: "Flash",
37386: "FocalLength",
37396: "SubjectArea",
37500: "MakerNote",
37510: "UserComment",
37520: "SubSec",
37521: "SubSecTimeOriginal",
37522: "SubsecTimeDigitized",
40960: "FlashPixVersion",
40961: "ColorSpace",
40962: "PixelXDimension",
40963: "PixelYDimension",
40964: "RelatedSoundFile",
40965: "InteroperabilityIFD",
41483: "FlashEnergy",
41484: "SpatialFrequencyResponse",
41486: "FocalPlaneXResolution",
41487: "FocalPlaneYResolution",
41488: "FocalPlaneResolutionUnit",
41492: "SubjectLocation",
41493: "ExposureIndex",
41495: "SensingMethod",
41728: "FileSource",
41729: "SceneType",
41730: "CFAPattern",
41985: "CustomRendered",
41986: "ExposureMode",
41987: "WhiteBalance",
41988: "DigitalZoomRatio",
41989: "FocalLengthIn35mmFilm",
41990: "SceneCaptureType",
41991: "GainControl",
41992: "Contrast",
41993: "Saturation",
41994: "Sharpness",
41995: "DeviceSettingDescription",
41996: "SubjectDistanceRange",
42016: "ImageUniqueID",
42032: "CameraOwnerName",
42033: "BodySerialNumber",
42034: "LensSpecification",
42035: "LensMake",
42036: "LensModel",
42037: "LensSerialNumber",
42240: "Gamma",
# MP Info
45056: "MPFVersion",
45057: "NumberOfImages",
45058: "MPEntry",
45059: "ImageUIDList",
45060: "TotalFrames",
45313: "MPIndividualNum",
45569: "PanOrientation",
45570: "PanOverlap_H",
45571: "PanOverlap_V",
45572: "BaseViewpointNum",
45573: "ConvergenceAngle",
45574: "BaselineLength",
45575: "VerticalDivergence",
45576: "AxisDistance_X",
45577: "AxisDistance_Y",
45578: "AxisDistance_Z",
45579: "YawAngle",
45580: "PitchAngle",
45581: "RollAngle",
# Adobe DNG
50706: "DNGVersion",
50707: "DNGBackwardVersion",
50708: "UniqueCameraModel",
50709: "LocalizedCameraModel",
50710: "CFAPlaneColor",
50711: "CFALayout",
50712: "LinearizationTable",
50713: "BlackLevelRepeatDim",
50714: "BlackLevel",
50715: "BlackLevelDeltaH",
50716: "BlackLevelDeltaV",
50717: "WhiteLevel",
50718: "DefaultScale",
50719: "DefaultCropOrigin",
50720: "DefaultCropSize",
50778: "CalibrationIlluminant1",
50779: "CalibrationIlluminant2",
50721: "ColorMatrix1",
50722: "ColorMatrix2",
50723: "CameraCalibration1",
50724: "CameraCalibration2",
50725: "ReductionMatrix1",
50726: "ReductionMatrix2",
50727: "AnalogBalance",
50728: "AsShotNeutral",
50729: "AsShotWhiteXY",
50730: "BaselineExposure",
50731: "BaselineNoise",
50732: "BaselineSharpness",
50733: "BayerGreenSplit",
50734: "LinearResponseLimit",
50735: "CameraSerialNumber",
50736: "LensInfo",
50737: "ChromaBlurRadius",
50738: "AntiAliasStrength",
50740: "DNGPrivateData",
50741: "MakerNoteSafety",
50780: "BestQualityScale",
# ImageJ
50838: "ImageJMetaDataByteCounts", # private tag registered with Adobe
50839: "ImageJMetaData", # private tag registered with Adobe
}
##
# Map type numbers to type names.
TYPES = {
1: "byte",
2: "ascii",
3: "short",
4: "long",
5: "rational",
6: "signed byte",
7: "undefined",
8: "signed short",
9: "signed long",
10: "signed rational",
11: "float",
12: "double",
}

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# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# WAL file handling
#
# History:
# 2003-04-23 fl created
#
# Copyright (c) 2003 by Fredrik Lundh.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# NOTE: This format cannot be automatically recognized, so the reader
# is not registered for use with Image.open(). To open a WAL file, use
# the WalImageFile.open() function instead.
# This reader is based on the specification available from:
# http://www.flipcode.com/archives/Quake_2_BSP_File_Format.shtml
# and has been tested with a few sample files found using google.
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import Image, _binary
try:
import builtins
except ImportError:
import __builtin__
builtins = __builtin__
i32 = _binary.i32le
##
# Load texture from a Quake2 WAL texture file.
# <p>
# By default, a Quake2 standard palette is attached to the texture.
# To override the palette, use the <b>putpalette</b> method.
#
# @param filename WAL file name, or an opened file handle.
# @return An image instance.
def open(filename):
# FIXME: modify to return a WalImageFile instance instead of
# plain Image object ?
if hasattr(filename, "read"):
fp = filename
else:
fp = builtins.open(filename, "rb")
# read header fields
header = fp.read(32+24+32+12)
size = i32(header, 32), i32(header, 36)
offset = i32(header, 40)
# load pixel data
fp.seek(offset)
im = Image.frombytes("P", size, fp.read(size[0] * size[1]))
im.putpalette(quake2palette)
im.format = "WAL"
im.format_description = "Quake2 Texture"
# strings are null-terminated
im.info["name"] = header[:32].split(b"\0", 1)[0]
next_name = header[56:56+32].split(b"\0", 1)[0]
if next_name:
im.info["next_name"] = next_name
return im
quake2palette = (
# default palette taken from piffo 0.93 by Hans Häggström
b"\x01\x01\x01\x0b\x0b\x0b\x12\x12\x12\x17\x17\x17\x1b\x1b\x1b\x1e"
b"\x1e\x1e\x22\x22\x22\x26\x26\x26\x29\x29\x29\x2c\x2c\x2c\x2f\x2f"
b"\x2f\x32\x32\x32\x35\x35\x35\x37\x37\x37\x3a\x3a\x3a\x3c\x3c\x3c"
b"\x24\x1e\x13\x22\x1c\x12\x20\x1b\x12\x1f\x1a\x10\x1d\x19\x10\x1b"
b"\x17\x0f\x1a\x16\x0f\x18\x14\x0d\x17\x13\x0d\x16\x12\x0d\x14\x10"
b"\x0b\x13\x0f\x0b\x10\x0d\x0a\x0f\x0b\x0a\x0d\x0b\x07\x0b\x0a\x07"
b"\x23\x23\x26\x22\x22\x25\x22\x20\x23\x21\x1f\x22\x20\x1e\x20\x1f"
b"\x1d\x1e\x1d\x1b\x1c\x1b\x1a\x1a\x1a\x19\x19\x18\x17\x17\x17\x16"
b"\x16\x14\x14\x14\x13\x13\x13\x10\x10\x10\x0f\x0f\x0f\x0d\x0d\x0d"
b"\x2d\x28\x20\x29\x24\x1c\x27\x22\x1a\x25\x1f\x17\x38\x2e\x1e\x31"
b"\x29\x1a\x2c\x25\x17\x26\x20\x14\x3c\x30\x14\x37\x2c\x13\x33\x28"
b"\x12\x2d\x24\x10\x28\x1f\x0f\x22\x1a\x0b\x1b\x14\x0a\x13\x0f\x07"
b"\x31\x1a\x16\x30\x17\x13\x2e\x16\x10\x2c\x14\x0d\x2a\x12\x0b\x27"
b"\x0f\x0a\x25\x0f\x07\x21\x0d\x01\x1e\x0b\x01\x1c\x0b\x01\x1a\x0b"
b"\x01\x18\x0a\x01\x16\x0a\x01\x13\x0a\x01\x10\x07\x01\x0d\x07\x01"
b"\x29\x23\x1e\x27\x21\x1c\x26\x20\x1b\x25\x1f\x1a\x23\x1d\x19\x21"
b"\x1c\x18\x20\x1b\x17\x1e\x19\x16\x1c\x18\x14\x1b\x17\x13\x19\x14"
b"\x10\x17\x13\x0f\x14\x10\x0d\x12\x0f\x0b\x0f\x0b\x0a\x0b\x0a\x07"
b"\x26\x1a\x0f\x23\x19\x0f\x20\x17\x0f\x1c\x16\x0f\x19\x13\x0d\x14"
b"\x10\x0b\x10\x0d\x0a\x0b\x0a\x07\x33\x22\x1f\x35\x29\x26\x37\x2f"
b"\x2d\x39\x35\x34\x37\x39\x3a\x33\x37\x39\x30\x34\x36\x2b\x31\x34"
b"\x27\x2e\x31\x22\x2b\x2f\x1d\x28\x2c\x17\x25\x2a\x0f\x20\x26\x0d"
b"\x1e\x25\x0b\x1c\x22\x0a\x1b\x20\x07\x19\x1e\x07\x17\x1b\x07\x14"
b"\x18\x01\x12\x16\x01\x0f\x12\x01\x0b\x0d\x01\x07\x0a\x01\x01\x01"
b"\x2c\x21\x21\x2a\x1f\x1f\x29\x1d\x1d\x27\x1c\x1c\x26\x1a\x1a\x24"
b"\x18\x18\x22\x17\x17\x21\x16\x16\x1e\x13\x13\x1b\x12\x12\x18\x10"
b"\x10\x16\x0d\x0d\x12\x0b\x0b\x0d\x0a\x0a\x0a\x07\x07\x01\x01\x01"
b"\x2e\x30\x29\x2d\x2e\x27\x2b\x2c\x26\x2a\x2a\x24\x28\x29\x23\x27"
b"\x27\x21\x26\x26\x1f\x24\x24\x1d\x22\x22\x1c\x1f\x1f\x1a\x1c\x1c"
b"\x18\x19\x19\x16\x17\x17\x13\x13\x13\x10\x0f\x0f\x0d\x0b\x0b\x0a"
b"\x30\x1e\x1b\x2d\x1c\x19\x2c\x1a\x17\x2a\x19\x14\x28\x17\x13\x26"
b"\x16\x10\x24\x13\x0f\x21\x12\x0d\x1f\x10\x0b\x1c\x0f\x0a\x19\x0d"
b"\x0a\x16\x0b\x07\x12\x0a\x07\x0f\x07\x01\x0a\x01\x01\x01\x01\x01"
b"\x28\x29\x38\x26\x27\x36\x25\x26\x34\x24\x24\x31\x22\x22\x2f\x20"
b"\x21\x2d\x1e\x1f\x2a\x1d\x1d\x27\x1b\x1b\x25\x19\x19\x21\x17\x17"
b"\x1e\x14\x14\x1b\x13\x12\x17\x10\x0f\x13\x0d\x0b\x0f\x0a\x07\x07"
b"\x2f\x32\x29\x2d\x30\x26\x2b\x2e\x24\x29\x2c\x21\x27\x2a\x1e\x25"
b"\x28\x1c\x23\x26\x1a\x21\x25\x18\x1e\x22\x14\x1b\x1f\x10\x19\x1c"
b"\x0d\x17\x1a\x0a\x13\x17\x07\x10\x13\x01\x0d\x0f\x01\x0a\x0b\x01"
b"\x01\x3f\x01\x13\x3c\x0b\x1b\x39\x10\x20\x35\x14\x23\x31\x17\x23"
b"\x2d\x18\x23\x29\x18\x3f\x3f\x3f\x3f\x3f\x39\x3f\x3f\x31\x3f\x3f"
b"\x2a\x3f\x3f\x20\x3f\x3f\x14\x3f\x3c\x12\x3f\x39\x0f\x3f\x35\x0b"
b"\x3f\x32\x07\x3f\x2d\x01\x3d\x2a\x01\x3b\x26\x01\x39\x21\x01\x37"
b"\x1d\x01\x34\x1a\x01\x32\x16\x01\x2f\x12\x01\x2d\x0f\x01\x2a\x0b"
b"\x01\x27\x07\x01\x23\x01\x01\x1d\x01\x01\x17\x01\x01\x10\x01\x01"
b"\x3d\x01\x01\x19\x19\x3f\x3f\x01\x01\x01\x01\x3f\x16\x16\x13\x10"
b"\x10\x0f\x0d\x0d\x0b\x3c\x2e\x2a\x36\x27\x20\x30\x21\x18\x29\x1b"
b"\x10\x3c\x39\x37\x37\x32\x2f\x31\x2c\x28\x2b\x26\x21\x30\x22\x20"
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
im = open("../hacks/sample.wal")
print(im.info, im.mode, im.size)
im.save("../out.png")

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from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageFile
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import _webp
_VALID_WEBP_MODES = {
"RGB": True,
"RGBA": True,
}
_VP8_MODES_BY_IDENTIFIER = {
b"VP8 ": "RGB",
b"VP8X": "RGBA",
b"VP8L": "RGBA", # lossless
}
def _accept(prefix):
is_riff_file_format = prefix[:4] == b"RIFF"
is_webp_file = prefix[8:12] == b"WEBP"
is_valid_vp8_mode = prefix[12:16] in _VP8_MODES_BY_IDENTIFIER
return is_riff_file_format and is_webp_file and is_valid_vp8_mode
class WebPImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "WEBP"
format_description = "WebP image"
def _open(self):
data, width, height, self.mode, icc_profile, exif = \
_webp.WebPDecode(self.fp.read())
if icc_profile:
self.info["icc_profile"] = icc_profile
if exif:
self.info["exif"] = exif
self.size = width, height
self.fp = BytesIO(data)
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, 0, self.mode)]
def _getexif(self):
from PIL.JpegImagePlugin import _getexif
return _getexif(self)
def _save(im, fp, filename):
image_mode = im.mode
if im.mode not in _VALID_WEBP_MODES:
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as WEBP" % image_mode)
lossless = im.encoderinfo.get("lossless", False)
quality = im.encoderinfo.get("quality", 80)
icc_profile = im.encoderinfo.get("icc_profile", "")
exif = im.encoderinfo.get("exif", "")
data = _webp.WebPEncode(
im.tobytes(),
im.size[0],
im.size[1],
lossless,
float(quality),
im.mode,
icc_profile,
exif
)
if data is None:
raise IOError("cannot write file as WEBP (encoder returned None)")
fp.write(data)
Image.register_open("WEBP", WebPImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("WEBP", _save)
Image.register_extension("WEBP", ".webp")
Image.register_mime("WEBP", "image/webp")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library
# $Id$
#
# WMF stub codec
#
# history:
# 1996-12-14 fl Created
# 2004-02-22 fl Turned into a stub driver
# 2004-02-23 fl Added EMF support
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2004. All rights reserved.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, _binary
_handler = None
if str != bytes:
long = int
##
# Install application-specific WMF image handler.
#
# @param handler Handler object.
def register_handler(handler):
global _handler
_handler = handler
if hasattr(Image.core, "drawwmf"):
# install default handler (windows only)
class WmfHandler:
def open(self, im):
im.mode = "RGB"
self.bbox = im.info["wmf_bbox"]
def load(self, im):
im.fp.seek(0) # rewind
return Image.frombytes(
"RGB", im.size,
Image.core.drawwmf(im.fp.read(), im.size, self.bbox),
"raw", "BGR", (im.size[0]*3 + 3) & -4, -1
)
register_handler(WmfHandler())
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
word = _binary.i16le
def short(c, o=0):
v = word(c, o)
if v >= 32768:
v -= 65536
return v
dword = _binary.i32le
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Read WMF file
def _accept(prefix):
return (
prefix[:6] == b"\xd7\xcd\xc6\x9a\x00\x00" or
prefix[:4] == b"\x01\x00\x00\x00"
)
##
# Image plugin for Windows metafiles.
class WmfStubImageFile(ImageFile.StubImageFile):
format = "WMF"
format_description = "Windows Metafile"
def _open(self):
# check placable header
s = self.fp.read(80)
if s[:6] == b"\xd7\xcd\xc6\x9a\x00\x00":
# placeable windows metafile
# get units per inch
inch = word(s, 14)
# get bounding box
x0 = short(s, 6)
y0 = short(s, 8)
x1 = short(s, 10)
y1 = short(s, 12)
# normalize size to 72 dots per inch
size = (x1 - x0) * 72 // inch, (y1 - y0) * 72 // inch
self.info["wmf_bbox"] = x0, y0, x1, y1
self.info["dpi"] = 72
# print self.mode, self.size, self.info
# sanity check (standard metafile header)
if s[22:26] != b"\x01\x00\t\x00":
raise SyntaxError("Unsupported WMF file format")
elif dword(s) == 1 and s[40:44] == b" EMF":
# enhanced metafile
# get bounding box
x0 = dword(s, 8)
y0 = dword(s, 12)
x1 = dword(s, 16)
y1 = dword(s, 20)
# get frame (in 0.01 millimeter units)
frame = dword(s, 24), dword(s, 28), dword(s, 32), dword(s, 36)
# normalize size to 72 dots per inch
size = x1 - x0, y1 - y0
# calculate dots per inch from bbox and frame
xdpi = 2540 * (x1 - y0) // (frame[2] - frame[0])
ydpi = 2540 * (y1 - y0) // (frame[3] - frame[1])
self.info["wmf_bbox"] = x0, y0, x1, y1
if xdpi == ydpi:
self.info["dpi"] = xdpi
else:
self.info["dpi"] = xdpi, ydpi
else:
raise SyntaxError("Unsupported file format")
self.mode = "RGB"
self.size = size
loader = self._load()
if loader:
loader.open(self)
def _load(self):
return _handler
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if _handler is None or not hasattr("_handler", "save"):
raise IOError("WMF save handler not installed")
_handler.save(im, fp, filename)
#
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# Registry stuff
Image.register_open(WmfStubImageFile.format, WmfStubImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save(WmfStubImageFile.format, _save)
Image.register_extension(WmfStubImageFile.format, ".wmf")
Image.register_extension(WmfStubImageFile.format, ".emf")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# XV Thumbnail file handler by Charles E. "Gene" Cash
# (gcash@magicnet.net)
#
# see xvcolor.c and xvbrowse.c in the sources to John Bradley's XV,
# available from ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/xv/
#
# history:
# 98-08-15 cec created (b/w only)
# 98-12-09 cec added color palette
# 98-12-28 fl added to PIL (with only a few very minor modifications)
#
# To do:
# FIXME: make save work (this requires quantization support)
#
__version__ = "0.1"
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette, _binary
o8 = _binary.o8
# standard color palette for thumbnails (RGB332)
PALETTE = b""
for r in range(8):
for g in range(8):
for b in range(4):
PALETTE = PALETTE + (o8((r*255)//7)+o8((g*255)//7)+o8((b*255)//3))
##
# Image plugin for XV thumbnail images.
class XVThumbImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "XVThumb"
format_description = "XV thumbnail image"
def _open(self):
# check magic
s = self.fp.read(6)
if s != b"P7 332":
raise SyntaxError("not an XV thumbnail file")
# Skip to beginning of next line
self.fp.readline()
# skip info comments
while True:
s = self.fp.readline()
if not s:
raise SyntaxError("Unexpected EOF reading XV thumbnail file")
if s[0] != b'#':
break
# parse header line (already read)
s = s.strip().split()
self.mode = "P"
self.size = int(s[0:1]), int(s[1:2])
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", PALETTE)
self.tile = [
("raw", (0, 0)+self.size,
self.fp.tell(), (self.mode, 0, 1)
)]
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
Image.register_open("XVThumb", XVThumbImageFile)

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# XBM File handling
#
# History:
# 1995-09-08 fl Created
# 1996-11-01 fl Added save support
# 1997-07-07 fl Made header parser more tolerant
# 1997-07-22 fl Fixed yet another parser bug
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.4)
# 2001-05-13 fl Added hotspot handling (based on code from Bernhard Herzog)
# 2004-02-24 fl Allow some whitespace before first #define
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2004 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1996-1997 by Fredrik Lundh
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.6"
import re
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
# XBM header
xbm_head = re.compile(
b"\s*#define[ \t]+[^_]*_width[ \t]+(?P<width>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
b"#define[ \t]+[^_]*_height[ \t]+(?P<height>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
b"(?P<hotspot>"
b"#define[ \t]+[^_]*_x_hot[ \t]+(?P<xhot>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
b"#define[ \t]+[^_]*_y_hot[ \t]+(?P<yhot>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
b")?"
b"[\\000-\\377]*_bits\\[\\]"
)
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix.lstrip()[:7] == b"#define"
##
# Image plugin for X11 bitmaps.
class XbmImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "XBM"
format_description = "X11 Bitmap"
def _open(self):
m = xbm_head.match(self.fp.read(512))
if m:
xsize = int(m.group("width"))
ysize = int(m.group("height"))
if m.group("hotspot"):
self.info["hotspot"] = (
int(m.group("xhot")), int(m.group("yhot"))
)
self.mode = "1"
self.size = xsize, ysize
self.tile = [("xbm", (0, 0)+self.size, m.end(), None)]
def _save(im, fp, filename):
if im.mode != "1":
raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as XBM" % im.mode)
fp.write(("#define im_width %d\n" % im.size[0]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("#define im_height %d\n" % im.size[1]).encode('ascii'))
hotspot = im.encoderinfo.get("hotspot")
if hotspot:
fp.write(("#define im_x_hot %d\n" % hotspot[0]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(("#define im_y_hot %d\n" % hotspot[1]).encode('ascii'))
fp.write(b"static char im_bits[] = {\n")
ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("xbm", (0, 0)+im.size, 0, None)])
fp.write(b"};\n")
Image.register_open("XBM", XbmImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_save("XBM", _save)
Image.register_extension("XBM", ".xbm")
Image.register_mime("XBM", "image/xbm")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# XPM File handling
#
# History:
# 1996-12-29 fl Created
# 2001-02-17 fl Use 're' instead of 'regex' (Python 2.1) (0.7)
#
# Copyright (c) Secret Labs AB 1997-2001.
# Copyright (c) Fredrik Lundh 1996-2001.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
__version__ = "0.2"
import re
from PIL import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
from PIL._binary import i8, o8
# XPM header
xpm_head = re.compile(b"\"([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*) ([0-9]*)")
def _accept(prefix):
return prefix[:9] == b"/* XPM */"
##
# Image plugin for X11 pixel maps.
class XpmImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
format = "XPM"
format_description = "X11 Pixel Map"
def _open(self):
if not _accept(self.fp.read(9)):
raise SyntaxError("not an XPM file")
# skip forward to next string
while True:
s = self.fp.readline()
if not s:
raise SyntaxError("broken XPM file")
m = xpm_head.match(s)
if m:
break
self.size = int(m.group(1)), int(m.group(2))
pal = int(m.group(3))
bpp = int(m.group(4))
if pal > 256 or bpp != 1:
raise ValueError("cannot read this XPM file")
#
# load palette description
palette = [b"\0\0\0"] * 256
for i in range(pal):
s = self.fp.readline()
if s[-2:] == b'\r\n':
s = s[:-2]
elif s[-1:] in b'\r\n':
s = s[:-1]
c = i8(s[1])
s = s[2:-2].split()
for i in range(0, len(s), 2):
if s[i] == b"c":
# process colour key
rgb = s[i+1]
if rgb == b"None":
self.info["transparency"] = c
elif rgb[0:1] == b"#":
# FIXME: handle colour names (see ImagePalette.py)
rgb = int(rgb[1:], 16)
palette[c] = (o8((rgb >> 16) & 255) +
o8((rgb >> 8) & 255) +
o8(rgb & 255))
else:
# unknown colour
raise ValueError("cannot read this XPM file")
break
else:
# missing colour key
raise ValueError("cannot read this XPM file")
self.mode = "P"
self.palette = ImagePalette.raw("RGB", b"".join(palette))
self.tile = [("raw", (0, 0)+self.size, self.fp.tell(), ("P", 0, 1))]
def load_read(self, bytes):
#
# load all image data in one chunk
xsize, ysize = self.size
s = [None] * ysize
for i in range(ysize):
s[i] = self.fp.readline()[1:xsize+1].ljust(xsize)
self.fp = None
return b"".join(s)
#
# Registry
Image.register_open("XPM", XpmImageFile, _accept)
Image.register_extension("XPM", ".xpm")
Image.register_mime("XPM", "image/xpm")

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# package placeholder
#
# Copyright (c) 1999 by Secret Labs AB.
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
# ;-)
VERSION = '1.1.7' # PIL version
PILLOW_VERSION = '2.7.0' # Pillow
_plugins = ['BmpImagePlugin',
'BufrStubImagePlugin',
'CurImagePlugin',
'DcxImagePlugin',
'EpsImagePlugin',
'FitsStubImagePlugin',
'FliImagePlugin',
'FpxImagePlugin',
'GbrImagePlugin',
'GifImagePlugin',
'GribStubImagePlugin',
'Hdf5StubImagePlugin',
'IcnsImagePlugin',
'IcoImagePlugin',
'ImImagePlugin',
'ImtImagePlugin',
'IptcImagePlugin',
'JpegImagePlugin',
'Jpeg2KImagePlugin',
'McIdasImagePlugin',
'MicImagePlugin',
'MpegImagePlugin',
'MpoImagePlugin',
'MspImagePlugin',
'PalmImagePlugin',
'PcdImagePlugin',
'PcxImagePlugin',
'PdfImagePlugin',
'PixarImagePlugin',
'PngImagePlugin',
'PpmImagePlugin',
'PsdImagePlugin',
'SgiImagePlugin',
'SpiderImagePlugin',
'SunImagePlugin',
'TgaImagePlugin',
'TiffImagePlugin',
'WebPImagePlugin',
'WmfImagePlugin',
'XbmImagePlugin',
'XpmImagePlugin',
'XVThumbImagePlugin']

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#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# Binary input/output support routines.
#
# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
# Copyright (c) 2012 by Brian Crowell
#
# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
#
if bytes is str:
def i8(c):
return ord(c)
def o8(i):
return chr(i & 255)
else:
def i8(c):
return c if c.__class__ is int else c[0]
def o8(i):
return bytes((i & 255,))
# Input, le = little endian, be = big endian
# TODO: replace with more readable struct.unpack equivalent
def i16le(c, o=0):
"""
Converts a 2-bytes (16 bits) string to an integer.
c: string containing bytes to convert
o: offset of bytes to convert in string
"""
return i8(c[o]) | (i8(c[o+1]) << 8)
def i32le(c, o=0):
"""
Converts a 4-bytes (32 bits) string to an integer.
c: string containing bytes to convert
o: offset of bytes to convert in string
"""
return (i8(c[o]) | (i8(c[o+1]) << 8) | (i8(c[o+2]) << 16) |
(i8(c[o+3]) << 24))
def i16be(c, o=0):
return (i8(c[o]) << 8) | i8(c[o+1])
def i32be(c, o=0):
return ((i8(c[o]) << 24) | (i8(c[o+1]) << 16) |
(i8(c[o+2]) << 8) | i8(c[o+3]))
# Output, le = little endian, be = big endian
def o16le(i):
return o8(i) + o8(i >> 8)
def o32le(i):
return o8(i) + o8(i >> 8) + o8(i >> 16) + o8(i >> 24)
def o16be(i):
return o8(i >> 8) + o8(i)
def o32be(i):
return o8(i >> 24) + o8(i >> 16) + o8(i >> 8) + o8(i)
# End of file

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@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
import os
if bytes is str:
def isStringType(t):
return isinstance(t, basestring)
def isPath(f):
return isinstance(f, basestring)
else:
def isStringType(t):
return isinstance(t, str)
def isPath(f):
return isinstance(f, (bytes, str))
# Checks if an object is a string, and that it points to a directory.
def isDirectory(f):
return isPath(f) and os.path.isdir(f)
class deferred_error(object):
def __init__(self, ex):
self.ex = ex
def __getattr__(self, elt):
raise self.ex

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@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
#!python
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# convert image files
#
# History:
# 0.1 96-04-20 fl Created
# 0.2 96-10-04 fl Use draft mode when converting images
# 0.3 96-12-30 fl Optimize output (PNG, JPEG)
# 0.4 97-01-18 fl Made optimize an option (PNG, JPEG)
# 0.5 98-12-30 fl Fixed -f option (from Anthony Baxter)
#
from __future__ import print_function
import site
import getopt, string, sys
from PIL import Image
def usage():
print("PIL Convert 0.5/1998-12-30 -- convert image files")
print("Usage: pilconvert [option] infile outfile")
print()
print("Options:")
print()
print(" -c <format> convert to format (default is given by extension)")
print()
print(" -g convert to greyscale")
print(" -p convert to palette image (using standard palette)")
print(" -r convert to rgb")
print()
print(" -o optimize output (trade speed for size)")
print(" -q <value> set compression quality (0-100, JPEG only)")
print()
print(" -f list supported file formats")
sys.exit(1)
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
usage()
try:
opt, argv = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "c:dfgopq:r")
except getopt.error as v:
print(v)
sys.exit(1)
format = None
convert = None
options = { }
for o, a in opt:
if o == "-f":
Image.init()
id = sorted(Image.ID)
print("Supported formats (* indicates output format):")
for i in id:
if i in Image.SAVE:
print(i+"*", end=' ')
else:
print(i, end=' ')
sys.exit(1)
elif o == "-c":
format = a
if o == "-g":
convert = "L"
elif o == "-p":
convert = "P"
elif o == "-r":
convert = "RGB"
elif o == "-o":
options["optimize"] = 1
elif o == "-q":
options["quality"] = string.atoi(a)
if len(argv) != 2:
usage()
try:
im = Image.open(argv[0])
if convert and im.mode != convert:
im.draft(convert, im.size)
im = im.convert(convert)
if format:
im.save(argv[1], format, **options)
else:
im.save(argv[1], **options)
except:
print("cannot convert image", end=' ')
print("(%s:%s)" % (sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1]))

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@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
#!python
"""PILdriver, an image-processing calculator using PIL.
An instance of class PILDriver is essentially a software stack machine
(Polish-notation interpreter) for sequencing PIL image
transformations. The state of the instance is the interpreter stack.
The only method one will normally invoke after initialization is the
`execute' method. This takes an argument list of tokens, pushes them
onto the instance's stack, and then tries to clear the stack by
successive evaluation of PILdriver operators. Any part of the stack
not cleaned off persists and is part of the evaluation context for
the next call of the execute method.
PILDriver doesn't catch any exceptions, on the theory that these
are actually diagnostic information that should be interpreted by
the calling code.
When called as a script, the command-line arguments are passed to
a PILDriver instance. If there are no command-line arguments, the
module runs an interactive interpreter, each line of which is split into
space-separated tokens and passed to the execute method.
In the method descriptions below, a first line beginning with the string
`usage:' means this method can be invoked with the token that follows
it. Following <>-enclosed arguments describe how the method interprets
the entries on the stack. Each argument specification begins with a
type specification: either `int', `float', `string', or `image'.
All operations consume their arguments off the stack (use `dup' to
keep copies around). Use `verbose 1' to see the stack state displayed
before each operation.
Usage examples:
`show crop 0 0 200 300 open test.png' loads test.png, crops out a portion
of its upper-left-hand corner and displays the cropped portion.
`save rotated.png rotate 30 open test.tiff' loads test.tiff, rotates it
30 degrees, and saves the result as rotated.png (in PNG format).
"""
# by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
# $Id$
# TO DO:
# 1. Add PILFont capabilities, once that's documented.
# 2. Add PILDraw operations.
# 3. Add support for composing and decomposing multiple-image files.
#
from __future__ import print_function
from PIL import Image
class PILDriver:
verbose = 0
def do_verbose(self):
"""usage: verbose <int:num>
Set verbosity flag from top of stack.
"""
self.verbose = int(self.do_pop())
# The evaluation stack (internal only)
stack = [] # Stack of pending operations
def push(self, item):
"Push an argument onto the evaluation stack."
self.stack = [item] + self.stack
def top(self):
"Return the top-of-stack element."
return self.stack[0]
# Stack manipulation (callable)
def do_clear(self):
"""usage: clear
Clear the stack.
"""
self.stack = []
def do_pop(self):
"""usage: pop
Discard the top element on the stack.
"""
top = self.stack[0]
self.stack = self.stack[1:]
return top
def do_dup(self):
"""usage: dup
Duplicate the top-of-stack item.
"""
if hasattr(self, 'format'): # If it's an image, do a real copy
dup = self.stack[0].copy()
else:
dup = self.stack[0]
self.stack = [dup] + self.stack
def do_swap(self):
"""usage: swap
Swap the top-of-stack item with the next one down.
"""
self.stack = [self.stack[1], self.stack[0]] + self.stack[2:]
# Image module functions (callable)
def do_new(self):
"""usage: new <int:xsize> <int:ysize> <int:color>:
Create and push a greyscale image of given size and color.
"""
xsize = int(self.do_pop())
ysize = int(self.do_pop())
color = int(self.do_pop())
self.push(Image.new("L", (xsize, ysize), color))
def do_open(self):
"""usage: open <string:filename>
Open the indicated image, read it, push the image on the stack.
"""
self.push(Image.open(self.do_pop()))
def do_blend(self):
"""usage: blend <image:pic1> <image:pic2> <float:alpha>
Replace two images and an alpha with the blended image.
"""
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
alpha = float(self.do_pop())
self.push(Image.blend(image1, image2, alpha))
def do_composite(self):
"""usage: composite <image:pic1> <image:pic2> <image:mask>
Replace two images and a mask with their composite.
"""
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
mask = self.do_pop()
self.push(Image.composite(image1, image2, mask))
def do_merge(self):
"""usage: merge <string:mode> <image:pic1> [<image:pic2> [<image:pic3> [<image:pic4>]]]
Merge top-of stack images in a way described by the mode.
"""
mode = self.do_pop()
bandlist = []
for band in mode:
bandlist.append(self.do_pop())
self.push(Image.merge(mode, bandlist))
# Image class methods
def do_convert(self):
"""usage: convert <string:mode> <image:pic1>
Convert the top image to the given mode.
"""
mode = self.do_pop()
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.convert(mode))
def do_copy(self):
"""usage: copy <image:pic1>
Make and push a true copy of the top image.
"""
self.dup()
def do_crop(self):
"""usage: crop <int:left> <int:upper> <int:right> <int:lower> <image:pic1>
Crop and push a rectangular region from the current image.
"""
left = int(self.do_pop())
upper = int(self.do_pop())
right = int(self.do_pop())
lower = int(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.crop((left, upper, right, lower)))
def do_draft(self):
"""usage: draft <string:mode> <int:xsize> <int:ysize>
Configure the loader for a given mode and size.
"""
mode = self.do_pop()
xsize = int(self.do_pop())
ysize = int(self.do_pop())
self.push(self.draft(mode, (xsize, ysize)))
def do_filter(self):
"""usage: filter <string:filtername> <image:pic1>
Process the top image with the given filter.
"""
from PIL import ImageFilter
filter = eval("ImageFilter." + self.do_pop().upper())
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.filter(filter))
def do_getbbox(self):
"""usage: getbbox
Push left, upper, right, and lower pixel coordinates of the top image.
"""
bounding_box = self.do_pop().getbbox()
self.push(bounding_box[3])
self.push(bounding_box[2])
self.push(bounding_box[1])
self.push(bounding_box[0])
def do_getextrema(self):
"""usage: extrema
Push minimum and maximum pixel values of the top image.
"""
extrema = self.do_pop().extrema()
self.push(extrema[1])
self.push(extrema[0])
def do_offset(self):
"""usage: offset <int:xoffset> <int:yoffset> <image:pic1>
Offset the pixels in the top image.
"""
xoff = int(self.do_pop())
yoff = int(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.offset(xoff, yoff))
def do_paste(self):
"""usage: paste <image:figure> <int:xoffset> <int:yoffset> <image:ground>
Paste figure image into ground with upper left at given offsets.
"""
figure = self.do_pop()
xoff = int(self.do_pop())
yoff = int(self.do_pop())
ground = self.do_pop()
if figure.mode == "RGBA":
ground.paste(figure, (xoff, yoff), figure)
else:
ground.paste(figure, (xoff, yoff))
self.push(ground)
def do_resize(self):
"""usage: resize <int:xsize> <int:ysize> <image:pic1>
Resize the top image.
"""
ysize = int(self.do_pop())
xsize = int(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.resize((xsize, ysize)))
def do_rotate(self):
"""usage: rotate <int:angle> <image:pic1>
Rotate image through a given angle
"""
angle = int(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.rotate(angle))
def do_save(self):
"""usage: save <string:filename> <image:pic1>
Save image with default options.
"""
filename = self.do_pop()
image = self.do_pop()
image.save(filename)
def do_save2(self):
"""usage: save2 <string:filename> <string:options> <image:pic1>
Save image with specified options.
"""
filename = self.do_pop()
options = self.do_pop()
image = self.do_pop()
image.save(filename, None, options)
def do_show(self):
"""usage: show <image:pic1>
Display and pop the top image.
"""
self.do_pop().show()
def do_thumbnail(self):
"""usage: thumbnail <int:xsize> <int:ysize> <image:pic1>
Modify the top image in the stack to contain a thumbnail of itself.
"""
ysize = int(self.do_pop())
xsize = int(self.do_pop())
self.top().thumbnail((xsize, ysize))
def do_transpose(self):
"""usage: transpose <string:operator> <image:pic1>
Transpose the top image.
"""
transpose = self.do_pop().upper()
image = self.do_pop()
self.push(image.transpose(transpose))
# Image attributes
def do_format(self):
"""usage: format <image:pic1>
Push the format of the top image onto the stack.
"""
self.push(self.do_pop().format)
def do_mode(self):
"""usage: mode <image:pic1>
Push the mode of the top image onto the stack.
"""
self.push(self.do_pop().mode)
def do_size(self):
"""usage: size <image:pic1>
Push the image size on the stack as (y, x).
"""
size = self.do_pop().size
self.push(size[0])
self.push(size[1])
# ImageChops operations
def do_invert(self):
"""usage: invert <image:pic1>
Invert the top image.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
self.push(ImageChops.invert(self.do_pop()))
def do_lighter(self):
"""usage: lighter <image:pic1> <image:pic2>
Pop the two top images, push an image of the lighter pixels of both.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
self.push(ImageChops.lighter(image1, image2))
def do_darker(self):
"""usage: darker <image:pic1> <image:pic2>
Pop the two top images, push an image of the darker pixels of both.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
self.push(ImageChops.darker(image1, image2))
def do_difference(self):
"""usage: difference <image:pic1> <image:pic2>
Pop the two top images, push the difference image
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
self.push(ImageChops.difference(image1, image2))
def do_multiply(self):
"""usage: multiply <image:pic1> <image:pic2>
Pop the two top images, push the multiplication image.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
self.push(ImageChops.multiply(image1, image2))
def do_screen(self):
"""usage: screen <image:pic1> <image:pic2>
Pop the two top images, superimpose their inverted versions.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image2 = self.do_pop()
image1 = self.do_pop()
self.push(ImageChops.screen(image1, image2))
def do_add(self):
"""usage: add <image:pic1> <image:pic2> <int:offset> <float:scale>
Pop the two top images, produce the scaled sum with offset.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
scale = float(self.do_pop())
offset = int(self.do_pop())
self.push(ImageChops.add(image1, image2, scale, offset))
def do_subtract(self):
"""usage: subtract <image:pic1> <image:pic2> <int:offset> <float:scale>
Pop the two top images, produce the scaled difference with offset.
"""
from PIL import ImageChops
image1 = self.do_pop()
image2 = self.do_pop()
scale = float(self.do_pop())
offset = int(self.do_pop())
self.push(ImageChops.subtract(image1, image2, scale, offset))
# ImageEnhance classes
def do_color(self):
"""usage: color <image:pic1>
Enhance color in the top image.
"""
from PIL import ImageEnhance
factor = float(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Color(image)
self.push(enhancer.enhance(factor))
def do_contrast(self):
"""usage: contrast <image:pic1>
Enhance contrast in the top image.
"""
from PIL import ImageEnhance
factor = float(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Contrast(image)
self.push(enhancer.enhance(factor))
def do_brightness(self):
"""usage: brightness <image:pic1>
Enhance brightness in the top image.
"""
from PIL import ImageEnhance
factor = float(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Brightness(image)
self.push(enhancer.enhance(factor))
def do_sharpness(self):
"""usage: sharpness <image:pic1>
Enhance sharpness in the top image.
"""
from PIL import ImageEnhance
factor = float(self.do_pop())
image = self.do_pop()
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Sharpness(image)
self.push(enhancer.enhance(factor))
# The interpreter loop
def execute(self, list):
"Interpret a list of PILDriver commands."
list.reverse()
while len(list) > 0:
self.push(list[0])
list = list[1:]
if self.verbose:
print("Stack: " + repr(self.stack))
top = self.top()
if not isinstance(top, str):
continue
funcname = "do_" + top
if not hasattr(self, funcname):
continue
else:
self.do_pop()
func = getattr(self, funcname)
func()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
try:
import readline
except ImportError:
pass # not available on all platforms
# If we see command-line arguments, interpret them as a stack state
# and execute. Otherwise go interactive.
driver = PILDriver()
if len(sys.argv[1:]) > 0:
driver.execute(sys.argv[1:])
else:
print("PILDriver says hello.")
while True:
try:
if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
line = input('pildriver> ')
else:
line = raw_input('pildriver> ')
except EOFError:
print("\nPILDriver says goodbye.")
break
driver.execute(line.split())
print(driver.stack)
# The following sets edit modes for GNU EMACS
# Local Variables:
# mode:python
# End:

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@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
#!python
#
# The Python Imaging Library.
# $Id$
#
# a utility to identify image files
#
# this script identifies image files, extracting size and
# pixel mode information for known file formats. Note that
# you don't need the PIL C extension to use this module.
#
# History:
# 0.0 1995-09-01 fl Created
# 0.1 1996-05-18 fl Modified options, added debugging mode
# 0.2 1996-12-29 fl Added verify mode
# 0.3 1999-06-05 fl Don't mess up on class exceptions (1.5.2 and later)
# 0.4 2003-09-30 fl Expand wildcards on Windows; robustness tweaks
#
from __future__ import print_function
import site
import getopt, glob, sys
from PIL import Image
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
print("PIL File 0.4/2003-09-30 -- identify image files")
print("Usage: pilfile [option] files...")
print("Options:")
print(" -f list supported file formats")
print(" -i show associated info and tile data")
print(" -v verify file headers")
print(" -q quiet, don't warn for unidentified/missing/broken files")
sys.exit(1)
try:
opt, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "fqivD")
except getopt.error as v:
print(v)
sys.exit(1)
verbose = quiet = verify = 0
for o, a in opt:
if o == "-f":
Image.init()
id = sorted(Image.ID)
print("Supported formats:")
for i in id:
print(i, end=' ')
sys.exit(1)
elif o == "-i":
verbose = 1
elif o == "-q":
quiet = 1
elif o == "-v":
verify = 1
elif o == "-D":
Image.DEBUG += 1
def globfix(files):
# expand wildcards where necessary
if sys.platform == "win32":
out = []
for file in files:
if glob.has_magic(file):
out.extend(glob.glob(file))
else:
out.append(file)
return out
return files
for file in globfix(args):
try:
im = Image.open(file)
print("%s:" % file, im.format, "%dx%d" % im.size, im.mode, end=' ')
if verbose:
print(im.info, im.tile, end=' ')
print()
if verify:
try:
im.verify()
except:
if not quiet:
print("failed to verify image", end=' ')
print("(%s:%s)" % (sys.exc_info()[0], sys.exc_info()[1]))
except IOError as v:
if not quiet:
print(file, "failed:", v)
except:
import traceback
if not quiet:
print(file, "failed:", "unexpected error")
traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)

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